Med Term Ch.11 Cont. – Flashcards
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Lensectomy
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the general term used to describe the surgical removal of a cataract clouded lens
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phacoemulsification
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the use of ultrasonic vibration to shatter and remove the lens clouded by a cataract
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intraocular lens
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a surgically implanted replacement for a natural lens that has been removed
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laser iridotomy
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This treatment uses a focused beam of light to create a hole in the iris of the eye
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laser trabeculoplasty
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a treatment used to treat open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow the fluid to drain properly
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LASIK
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acronym for Laser Assisted in Situ Keratomileuisis. It is used to treat vision conditions that are caused by the shape of the cornea.
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photocoagulation
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the use of a laser to treat some forms of wet macular degeneration by sealing leaking or damaged blood vessels.
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Retinoplexy
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used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment
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auditory
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pertaining to the sense of hearing
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Acoustic
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pertaining to sound or hearing
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pinna
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aka the auricle or outer ear, it is the external portion of the ear
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external auditory canal
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transmits sound waves to the tympanic membrane of the middle ear.
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Cerumen
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aka earwax,this is secreted by ceruminous glands that line the auditory canal
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middle ear
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located between the outer ear and the inner ear, and transmits sound across the space between these two spaces
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tympanic membrane
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aka the eardrum, located between the outer and middle ear
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mastoid process
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the temporal bone containing hollow air space that surrounds the middle ear
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auditory ossicles
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three small bones located within the middle ear.
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eustachian tubes
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the narrow tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat.
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inner ear
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contains the sensory receptors for hearing and balance
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oval window
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located under the base of the stapes and is the membrane that separates the middle ear from the inner ear.
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cochlea
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the snail-shaped structure of the inner ear and is where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses
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organ of Corti
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receives the vibrations from the cochlear duct and relays them to the auditory nerve fibers
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semicircular canals
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contain the liquid endolymph and sensitive hair-like cells.
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acoustic nerves
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transmit information to the brain, and the brain sends messages to muscles in all parts of the body to ensure that equilibrium is maintained
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air conduction
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the process by which sound waves enter the ear through the pinna and then travel down the external auditory canal until they strike the tympanic membrane
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bone conduction
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occurs as the eardrum vibrates and causes the auditory ossicles of the middle ear to vibrate.
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sensorineural conduction
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occurs when these sound vibrations reach the inner ear.
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audiologist
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a person who specializes in the measurement of hearing function and in the rehabilitation of persons with hearing impairments.
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impacted cerumen
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an accumulation of earwax that forms a solid mass by adhering to the walls of the external auditory canal
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otalgia
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aka earache, is pain in the ear
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otitis
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inflammation of the ear
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otomycosis
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aka swimmer's ear, a fungal infection of the external auditory canal
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otopyorrhea
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the flow of pus from the ear
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otorrhea
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any discharge from the ear
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otorrhagia
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bleeding from the ear
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barotrauma
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a pressure related ear condition
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cholesteatoma
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a destructive epidermal cyst in the middle ear and/or the mastoid process made up of epithelial cells and cholesterol
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mastoiditis
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an inflammation of any part of the mastoid bone cells
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infectious myringitis
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a contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum
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Otitis media
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an inflammation of the middle ear
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otosclerosis
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the ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear, resulting in a conductive hearing loss.
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labyrinthitis
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an inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness
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vertigo
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a sense of whirling, dizziness, and loss of balance that are often combined with nausea and vomitting.
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Meniere's disease
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a rare chronic disorder in which the amount of fluid in the inner ear increases intermittently, producing attacks of vertigo, a fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitis
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tinnitus
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a condition of a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears. f
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acoustic neuroma
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a brain tumor that develops adjacent to the cranial nerve running from the brain to the inner ear.
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deafness
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the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear.
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Presbycusis
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a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages
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conductive hearing loss
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occurs when sound waves are prevented from passing from the air to the fluid filled inner ear.
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Sensorineural hearing loss
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aka nerve deafness, develops when the auditory nerve or hair cells in the inner ear are damaged.
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decibel
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commonly used as the measurement of the loudness of sound
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audiological evaluation
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the measurement of the ability to hear and understand speech sounds based on their pitch and loudness
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audiometry
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the use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity
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otoscope
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an instrument used to examine the external ear canal
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monaural testing
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involves one ear
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Binaural testing
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testing involving both ears
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Tympanometry
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the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear
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Weber and Rinne tests
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a tuning fork to distinguish between conductive and sensorineural hearing losses.
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Otoplasty
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the surgical repair, restoration, or alteration of the pinna of the ear
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ear tubes
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tiny ventilating tubes placed through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood ear infections
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mastoidectomy
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the surgical removal of mastoid cells
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myringotomy
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a small surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure from excess pus or fluid, or to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes.
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stapedectomy
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the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a small prosthetic device known as a piston that conducts sound vibration to the inner ear
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tympanoplasty
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the surgical correction of a damaged middle ear
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labyrithectomy
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the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth
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Vestibular rehabilitation therapy
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a form of physical therapy designed to treat a wide variety of balance disorders, the majority of which are caused by problems in the inner ear and vestibular nerve.
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assistive listening device
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transmits, processes, or amplifies sound, and can be used with or without a hearing aid.
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cochlear implant
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an electronic device that bypasses the damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulates the auditory nerve
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fenestration
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a surgical procedure in which a new opening is created in the labyrinth to restore lost hearing.
