Med Micro Block Test 1 – Epidemiologic features – Flashcards
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| Staphylococcus aureus |
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| colonize human skin and mucosal surfaces |
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| Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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| colonize human skin |
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| Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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| colonize mucosal surfaces |
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| Streptococcus pyogenes |
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| diverse populations |
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| streptococcus agalactiae |
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| neonates; pregnant women, patients with diabetes |
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| Viridins streptococci |
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| patients with abnormal heart valves |
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| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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| neonates, children, adults with chronic diseases, elderly persons |
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| enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium |
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| extended period hospitalization or on broad-spectrum antibiotics |
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| bacillus anthracis |
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animal workers; bioterrorism, eating contaminated meat
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| Bacillus cereus |
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| contaminated food; eye trauma |
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| Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
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| spread by respiratory droplets |
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| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae |
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| occupational disease of butchers, farmers, veterinarians |
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| Listeria monocytogenes |
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immunocompromised hosts elderly persons, neonates, pregnant women ingestion of contaminated food |
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| clostridium perfringens |
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| found in environment (soil, sewage, water) and GIT of animals/humans |
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| Clostridium difficile |
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| Human GIT, female genital tract |
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| Clostridium botulinum |
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| found in environment and animal GIT |
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| Clostridium tetani |
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| found in dirt, animals and humans GIT |
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| Propionibacterium acne |
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| human skin and mucosal surfaces |
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| Actinomyces |
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| colonizes human mucosal surface (oropharynx, intestine, vagina) |
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| Mycobacterium avium complex |
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| immunocompromised population |
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| Mycobacterium leprae |
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| contact with infected individuals |
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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| HIV-infected patients at greatest risk |
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| Nocardia species |
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| immuno-suppressed (T-cell deficient chronic pulmonary disease) |
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| Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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| sexual transmission, asymptomatic carriage |
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| Neisseria meningitidis |
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| Carrier state, aerosol transmission, children and young adults |
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| Moraxella catarrhalis |
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| children |
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| acinetobacter |
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| nosocomial; iraq war veterans |
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| Enteropathic E. coli |
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| infants in developing countries |
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| enterohemmorrhagic E. coli |
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| food/water, in developed countries |
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| enterotoxigenic E. coli |
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| traveler's diarrhea |
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| Enteroaggregative E. coli |
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| childhood diarrhea |
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| Enteroinvasive E. coli |
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| children in developing countries |
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| Uropathogenic E. coli |
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| sexually active women |
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| E. coli - meningitis |
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| neonates |
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| Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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| nosocomial infections, alcoholism |
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| Klebsiella granulomatis |
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| sexually transmitted |
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| Proteus |
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| structural abnormality in urinary tract |
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| Salmonella enterica |
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| Contaminated food; higher risk of bacteremia in immunocompromised |
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| Shigella |
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| Food/water, person-to-person spread |
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Bacteroides, Fusobacterium ; |
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| Normal inhabitant of GI tract |
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| Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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| nosocomial infections |
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| vibrio cholerae |
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| children/adults in developing countries |
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| Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
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| seafood-borne outbreaks |
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| Vibrio vulnificus |
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| Hepatic or chronic diseases |
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| Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis |
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| zoonotic, ingestion of contaminated food, milk or water |
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| Campylobacter fetus |
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| elderly or immunocompromised |
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| Helicobacter pylori |
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| People of low socio-economic class or in developing countries |
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| Haemophilus influenzae |
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| Aerosol transmission in unimmunized children; from URT in elderly patients with chronic respiratory disease |
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| Haemophilus ducreyi |
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| sexually transmitted |
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| HACEK pathogen |
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| in patients with damaged heart valves |
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| Bordetella pertussis |
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Aerosol transmission severe diseases in infants milder in adults |
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| Legionella pneumophila |
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| Serotype 1, Waterborne, elderly and immunocompromised patients |
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| Francisella tularensis |
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| tick bites, bioterrorism |
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| Yersinia pestus |
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| transmitted by rodent flea bite; human to human only in pneumonic plague |
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| Steptobacillus monoliformis, spirillum minus |
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bite of rat or other small rodents; ingestion of contaminated food or water ; |
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| Brucella |
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| exposure to animals or by eating unpasteurized milk/cheese |
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| Bartonella henselae |
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| healthy (endocarditis, CSD) and immunocompromised patients (BA) |
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| Bartonella quintana |
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| health (TF), compromised (BA) |
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| Bartonella bacilliformis |
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| sand fly in Andes Mountain |
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| Pasteurella multicoda |
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| Spread by animal bite, scratch or lick; presentin URT of many domestic pets |
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| Treponema pallidum |
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| transmission congenitally or sexually |
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| Borrelia burgdorferi |
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| Transmission by ticks (Ixodes) |
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| Borrelia recurrentis, Borrelia hermsii |
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| transmission by body louse or ticks |
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| Leptospira interrogans |
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| by exposure to infected urine or tissues of rodents, dogs, farm animals |
