MCOM 1213 - Final Review | Quizzes 1-4 - Flashcards

Q: Which of the following is one of the four major causes of poor listening discussed in your textbook?

focusing on a speaker\'s appearance or delivery

question

Public speaking usually requires more formal language than everyday conversation.

answer

True.

question

As a speaker, you can usually assume that an audience will be interested in what you have to say.

answer

False.

question

It has been estimated that being fully prepared for a speech can reduce stage fright by up to 75%.

answer

True.

question

A speaker's frame of reference and a listener's frame of reference will never be exactly the same.

answer

True.

question

As your textbook explains, many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include: a) telling a story for maximum impact. b) tailoring your message to your audience. c) organizing your thoughts logically. d)all of the above. Incorrect Response e)a and c only.

answer

All of the above.

question

According to your textbook, rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should aim at transforming it into: a) general anxiety. b)visualized adrenaline. c)professional stage fright. d)positive nervousness.

answer

Positive nervousness.

question

A ringing cell phone or an audience member browsing the Web on her laptop during a speech are examples of which element in the speech communication process? a)channel b)interference c)message d)feedback

answer

Interference

question

The aim of an ethical speaker is to accomplish his or her goals by any means necessary.

answer

False.

question

The first responsibility of a speaker is to make sure her or his goal is ethically sound.

answer

True.

question

It is necessary for a public speaker to identify his or her source whether the speaker is paraphrasing or quoting verbatim.

answer

True.

question

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except: a)explain your credibility on the speech topic. b)be honest in what you say. c)avoid name calling and other forms of abusive language. d)be fully prepared for each speech. e)make sure your goals are ethically sound.

answer

Explain your credibility on the speech topic.

question

To avoid plagiarism when using information from an Internet document in your speech, your textbook recommends that you keep a record of: a)the title of the document. b)the author or organization responsible for the document. c)the date on which you accessed the document. d)all of the above.

answer

All of the above.

question

According to your textbook, _____plagiarism occurs when a speaker copies word for word from two or three sources.

answer

Patchwork

question

Hearing and listening are identical.

answer

False

question

One of the major barriers to effective communication is that the brain can process words much faster than a speaker can talk.

answer

True

question

If you disagree with a speaker, you have nothing to gain by listening carefully.

answer

False

question

Lance is enjoying Chris Rock's stand-up comedy routine at the Civic Center. According to your textbook, Lance is engaged in listening.

answer

Appreciative

question

Brad Falk is listening to a speaker explain how a new computer program works so Brad can use it in his business. According to your textbook, Brad is engaged in

answer

Comprehensive

question

Which of the following is one of the four major causes of poor listening discussed in your textbook?

answer

focusing on a speaker's appearance or delivery

question

You should usually avoid drawing on your personal knowledge or experience when choosing a speech topic.

answer

False

question

Brainstorming is a method of generating ideas for a speech through free association of words and ideas.

answer

True

question

Most often, your general purpose as a speaker is to inform or to persuade.

answer

True

question

"To inform my audience of the major steps in responding to a medical emergency" is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for an informative speech.

answer

True

question

The central idea of a speech often emerges after you have done your research and have decided on the main points of the speech.

answer

False

question

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a method of brainstorming for a speech topic? a) clustering b)taking a personal inventory c)conducting an Internet search d)all of the above

answer

all of the above

question

"To persuade my audience that continuing to spend money on the space program is like throwing good money after bad" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a speech because it is a)expressed in figurative language. b)written as a declarative sentence rather than a question. c)too technical. d)all of the above.

answer

expressed in figurative language.

question

As a specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about global warming" is too

answer

broad

question

Being audience-centered means that your primary purpose as a speaker is to gain a desired response from the audience.

answer

True

question

The process of audience analysis and adaptation affects every aspect of speech preparation from choosing a topic to delivering the speech.

answer

True

question

Ethnocentrism means that audiences typically approach speeches by asking, "Why is this important to me?"

answer

False

question

The fact that audiences are egocentric means that

answer

listeners are concerned above all with how a speech will affect them.

question

What are the two types of audience analysis discussed in your textbook?

answer

demographic and situational

question

As Amanda analyzed the audience for her speech about organic foods, she focused on such things as their gender, age, and cultural background. In doing so, she was engaging in audience analysis.

answer

demographic

question

Most library catalogues allow a researcher to look for books by author, title, subject, or keyword.

answer

True

question

Periodical databases help you locate magazine and journal articles.

answer

True

question

As your textbook explains, when you locate an abstract of a magazine article using a computerized periodical database, you should feel free to cite the article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone.

answer

False

question

As part of the research for her persuasive speech on Parkinson's disease, Alissa needs to find recent articles published in general interest periodicals and academic journals. The best resource for her is a

answer

periodical database such as ProQuest or LexisNexis Academic.

question

A(n) ____________________ is a summary of a magazine or research article, written by someone other than the original author.

answer

abstract

question

The three basic types of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are examples, statistics, and testimony.

answer

True

question

Examples are particularly effective as supporting materials because they help get the audience involved in a speech.

answer

True

question

Whenever you use a hypothetical example in a speech, it is usually a good idea to follow it with statistics or testimony to show that the example is not unrealistic.

answer

True

question

It is seldom necessary to cite the source of statistics in a speech.

answer

False

question

Using____________________is the best way to pull listeners into your speeches.

answer

extended examples

question

According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n)

answer

hypothetical example.

question

Clear organization is usually less important in speaking than in writing.

answer

False

question

According to your textbook, it is usually best to prepare the body of the speech before the introduction.

answer

True

question

Most speeches should contain from two to five main points.

answer

True.

question

The__________________________is the longest and most important part of the speech.

answer

body

question

The most effective order of main points in a speech depends above all on your topic, purpose, and

answer

audience

question

Here are the main points for an informative speech about the history of chocolate: I. Chocolate was originally used in Mexico as a drink by the Aztecs. II. Chocolate was introduced to Europe after the Spanish conquered the Aztecs. III. Chocolate was first made into candy during the 1800s. IV. Chocolate's popularity and uses continue to expand today. These main points are arranged in_________________order.

answer

chronological

question

Regardless of what other methods you use to gain attention, you should always relate the topic to your audience in the introduction of a speech.

answer

True

question

A startling introduction is effective only if it is firmly related to the speech topic.

answer

True

question

Goodwill is the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

answer

False

question

It is overly repetitious to restate the central idea in the conclusion of a speech.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is a basic objective of a speech introduction? a)reinforce the central idea b)preview the main points c)gain the attention of the audience d)all of the above e)b and c only

answer

b and c only

question

According to your textbook, which of the following is one of the four major objectives of a speech introduction?

answer

reveal the topic

question

________________________ is the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

answer

Credibility

question

How well a speech is organized affects how listeners view the speaker's competence and trustworthiness.

answer

True

question

The time given to each main point in the body of a speech should be exactly the same.

answer

False

question

When developing a speech, you should try to roughly balance the amount of time devoted to each main point.

answer

True

question

Speeches arranged in causal order usually have three or four main points.

answer

False

question

According to your textbook, what is the most important reason for limiting the number of main points in a speech?

answer

It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many main points.

question

Which organizational method is used in a speech with the following main points? I. As a social worker, Jane Addams founded the settlement house movement in Chicago. II. As a reformer, Jane Addams campaigned for child-labor laws, unemploy-ment compensation, and better public sanitation. III. As a suffragist, Jane Addams fought to give women the vote. IV.As a writer, Jane Addams is best known for her autobiographical Twenty Years at Hull House.

answer

topical

question

Which organizational method is used in a speech with the following main points? I. Many citizens are victimized every year by incompetent lawyers. II. A bill requiring lawyers to stand for recertification every 10 years will do much to help solve the problem.

answer

problem-solution

question

When making a preparation outline, you should state your main points and subpoints in full sentences to ensure that you develop your ideas fully.

answer

True

question

You should include your specific purpose statement with your preparation outline.

answer

True

question

In a preparation outline, the specific purpose and central idea are identified by Roman numerals.

answer

False

question

In the most common system of outlining, main points are identified by Roman numerals and subpoints by capital letters.

answer

True

question

Outlining is an important part of public speaking because

answer

an outline helps ensure that ideas flow clearly from one to another.

question

Outlining is important to public speaking because an outline helps a speaker a)judge whether each part of the speech is fully developed. b)ensure that ideas flow clearly from one to another. c)solidify the structure of a speech. d)all of the above.

answer

all of the above.

question

Two types of speech outlines discussed in your textbook are the

answer

preparation outline and the speaking outline.

question

If the meaning of a word is clear to you, you can assume that it is also clear to your audience.

answer

False

question

Connotative meaning is precise, literal, and objective.

answer

False

question

Abstract words are easier to misinterpret than are concrete words.

answer

True

question

The denotative meaning of a word includes all the feelings, associations, and emotions that the word touches off in different people.

answer

False

question

The denotative meaning of a word is

answer

its literal or dictionary meaning.

question

As your textbook explains, connotative meaning gives words their __________________ power.

answer

emotional

question

Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking? a)use language technically b)use language appropriately c)use language clearly d)b and c only

answer

b and c only

question

Good speech delivery should call attention to itself.

answer

True

question

One of the advantages of speaking from a manuscript is that it frees a speaker from the need to establish eye contact with the audience.

answer

False

question

When speaking impromptu, you should do your best to look calm and confident no matter how nervous you may be feeling.

answer

True

question

The "conversational quality" of extemporaneous speaking means that a speech has been well rehearsed yet sounds spontaneous to the audience

answer

True

question

In which situation would a speaker be most likely to read from a manuscript?

answer

a speech on international policy at the United Nations

question

When speaking from a manuscript, you should a)practice aloud to make sure the speech sounds natural. b)be certain the final manuscript is legible at a glance. c)work on establishing eye contact with the audience. d) All of the above.

answer

all of the above.

question

The ___________________speaker uses only brief notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory.

answer

extemporaneous

question

The relative highness or lowness of sounds produced by the human voice is called

answer

pitch

question

Using visual aids can help a speaker combat stage fright.

answer

True

question

You can be your own visual aid.

answer

True

question

Because a picture is worth a thousand words, it is a good idea to pass photographs among the audience in order to illustrate your point.

answer

False

question

According to your textbook, when you are going to give an audience material to take home from a speech, you should usually distribute the material

answer

after the speech.

question

One advantage of PowerPoint is that it enables you to integrate different kinds of visual aids in the same speech.

answer

True

question

Research has shown that an average speaker who uses visual aids will come across as more credible and better prepared than a speaker who does not use visual aids.

answer

True

question

Research has shown that using visual aids can increase the audience's retention of a speaker's message.

answer

True

question

When the general purpose of your speech is to _________________, you act primarily as a teacher or lecturer.

answer

inform

question

In an informative speech, the speaker acts as a(n)

answer

teacher

question

According to your textbook, the aims of an informative speech include a)communicating the speaker's information clearly. b)communicating the speaker's information accurately. c)making the speaker's information meaningful to the audience. d)communicating the speaker's information clearly and accurately. e)all of these choices.

answer

all of these choices.

question

When giving an informative speech to a general audience, you should take special care to avoid being too technical.

answer

True

question

Which is NOT a type of informative speech:

answer

speeches about your thoughts on policy

question

Always assume your audience has the same knowledge as you when giving an informative speech.

answer

False

question

It is not important to be creative when delivering a speech.

answer

False

question

Persuasion is the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people's beliefs or actions.

answer

True

question

Because everyone knows that a persuasive speaker's goal is to influence the audience's beliefs or actions, questions of ethics are less important in persuasive speaking than in other kinds of speaking.

answer

False

question

Even though a persuasive speaker's goal is to influence the audience's beliefs or actions, she or he still has an ethical obligation to present evidence fairly and accurately.

answer

True

question

One way for a persuasive speaker to uphold the ethical obligations of speechmaking is to learn about all sides of an issue.

answer

True

question

As your textbook explains, persuasion takes place only if the audience is strongly in favor of the speaker's position by the end of the speech.

answer

False

question

As your textbook explains, when faced with an audience that strongly opposes your point of view, you can consider your persuasive speech a success if it leads even a few listeners to reexamine their views.

answer

True

question

Persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker.

answer

True

question

Audience analysis and adaptation are usually more demanding in persuasive speaking than in speaking to inform.

answer

True

question

When trying to persuade a hostile audience, you should usually be wary of even mentioning the audience's objections to your point of view.

answer

False

question

Persuasive speeches on questions of fact are usually organized in topical order.

answer

True

question

Persuasive speeches on questions of value are almost always arranged in topical order.

answer

True

question

"To persuade my audience that the federal government should ban all advertising for tobacco products" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy.

answer

True

question

Of all the kinds of speechmaking, __________ speaking is the most complex and the most challenging.

answer

Persuasive

question

According to your textbook, persuasive speakers have an ethical obligation to

answer

all of the above

question

According to your textbook, persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a __________ with the speaker.

answer

mental dialogue

question

The action step in Monroe's motivated sequence usually comes in the __________ of a persuasive speech on a question of policy.

answer

conclusion

question

Which step of Monroe's motivated sequence deals with the issue of practicality in a persuasive speech on a question of policy?

answer

visualization

question

Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

answer

satisfaction

question

Which of the following is the second step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

answer

need

question

Which of the following is the first step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

answer

attention

question

The major reason Monroe's motivated sequence is such an effective way of organizing persuasive speeches that seek action from listeners is because it

answer

follows the process of human thinking

question

According to your textbook, which pattern of organization is used in the following set of main points for a persuasive speech urging the audience to donate time to famine-relief organizations? I. Donating time to famine-relief organizations is more effective than donating money because it reduces a country's dependence on foreign aid. II. Donating time to famine-relief organizations is more effective than donating money because it creates a personal connection to the people you are helping.

answer

comparative advantages

question

The following set of main points for a persuasive speech on a question of policy follows which pattern of organization? I. Childhood obesity is a serious health crisis in the United States. II. Childhood obesity is caused by a range of factors from poor nutrition to lack of exercise. III. Childhood obesity can be reduced by action from parents, schools, and the fast-food industry.

answer

problem-cause-solution

question

Alex's persuasive speech on a question of policy includes the following connective between the second and third main points: First we saw that health complications from obesity are a growing problem among young adults. Then we looked at some of the major factors leading to this problem. Now let's look at the steps we can take to eliminate the problem. Alex's speech is organized according to which pattern of organization?

answer

problem-cause-solution

question

In a speech seeking to persuade his audience to donate blood, Ian explained how little time the donation process would take from their busy schedules. Which of the three basic issues of persuasive speeches on questions of policy did Ian address in this part of his speech?

answer

practicality

question

What many teachers refer to as source credibility was called ethos by Aristotle.

answer

True

question

Competence and character are the most important factors affecting a speaker's credibility.

answer

True

question

Education and status are the most important factors affecting a speaker's credibility.

answer

False

question

The more favorably listeners view a speaker's competence and character, the more likely they are to accept what the speaker says.

answer

True

question

The credibility of a speaker before she or he starts to speak is called derived credibility.

answer

False

question

Derived credibility refers to the credibility of the speaker produced by everything she or he says and does during the speech itself.

answer

True

question

Terminal credibility is the credibility of the speaker at the start of the speech.

answer

False

question

A speaker can have high credibility for one audience and low credibility for another audience.

answer

True

question

A speaker could begin a speech with high credibility but end the speech with low credibility.

answer

True

question

Supporting materials that are used to prove or disprove something are called evidence.

answer

True

question

Studies have shown that speakers with low initial credibility need to use more evidence than speakers with high initial credibility.

answer

True

question

Research indicates that listeners are more likely to be persuaded by evidence that is new to them than by facts and figures they already know.

answer

True

question

When you reason from principle in a speech, you move from a specific principle to a general conclusion.

answer

False

question

As explained in your textbook, the credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called _________ credibility.

answer

initial

question

According to your textbook, the credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech is called _________ credibility.

answer

terminal

question

According to your textbook, when is it especially important for a persuasive speaker to establish common ground with the audience?

answer

at the beginning of the speech

question

A local landlord with a reputation for failing to return security deposits at the end of a lease has been invited to present his viewpoint at a meeting of the local tenants' union. To everyone's surprise, the landlord accepts the invitation despite the fact that he will be facing an audience with a decidedly negative view of his integrity. What factor will the landlord have to overcome if his speech is to have any chance of being persuasive?

answer

low initial credibility

question

Developer Martin Cray had low credibility when he began his speech to a neighborhood group opposed to a new shopping center he hoped to build. During the speech, his credibility increased because his audience was impressed with his command of the facts and his willingness to work with the neighborhood on plans for the shopping center. According to your textbook, the credibility produced by everything Martin said and did during the speech is called _________ credibility.

answer

derived

question

Evidence and reasoning are the two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called

answer

logos

question

When giving a persuasive speech to an audience that opposes your point of view, it is especially important that you use _________ to answer their objections to your views.

answer

evidence

question

According to your textbook, it is especially important to use evidence in a persuasive speech in order to

answer

answer listener's objections to your position

question

According to your textbook, as a persuasive speaker, your two major concerns with respect to reasoning are to

answer

make sure your reasoning is sound and convincing.

question

According to your textbook, when you reason from specific instances in a persuasive speech, you should

answer

a and c

question

According to your textbook, what kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Last summer, a five-year-old boy in Seattle was killed by his brother when the two were playing with their father's gun. Last month, four-year-old Dylan Jackson accidentally killed himself after finding a loaded gun at a friend's home during a birthday party. In Tampa, Florida, a two-year-old shot himself in the chest with a pistol left in the family couch. Clearly, children in America are at risk from gun accidents.

answer

reasoning from specific instances

question

As your textbook explains, when reasoning from principle in a persuasive speech, it is particularly important that you

answer

assess wether you need to support your general principle with evidence.

question

The primary purpose of a special occasion speech is to convey information to an audience.

answer

False

question

A graduation address and a toast at a wedding are both examples of speeches for special occasions.

answer

True

question

The purpose of a speech of introduction is to introduce a person receiving an award or an honor.

answer

False

question

One major purpose of a speech of introduction is to build enthusiasm for the upcoming speaker.

answer

True

question

As defined in your textbook, a speech of presentation is a speech that presents someone a gift, an award, or some other form of public recognition.

answer

True

question

The three major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and graciousness.

answer

True

question

The fundamental purpose of a commemorative speech is to convey information about the subject being commemorated.

answer

False

question

A speech praising the bravery of the firefighters killed in New York on September 11, 2001, is an example of a commemorative speech.

answer

True

question

A commemorative speech honoring a person is essentially a biography of that person.

answer

False

question

In a commemorative speech, your fundamental purpose is to inspire your listeners.

answer

True

question

Effective commemorative speeches depend above all on the speaker's use of language.

answer

True

question

A commemorative speech is the one kind of speech in which clichés and trite sentiments are appropriate.

answer

False

question

A speech urging Congress to construct a memorial in Washington, D.C., to recognize women's contributions to the American Revolution is an example of a commemorative speech.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is an example of a speech for a special occasion?

answer

a speech presenting an award to a retiring newspaper editor

question

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a guideline for a speech of introduction?

answer

Make sure your remarks about the main speaker are completely accurate.

question

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for a speech of introduction except

answer

Bring the speech to life by using a hypothetical example.

question

When giving a speech of presentation, you should usually

answer

tell why the recipient is receiving his or her award.

question

Which of the following is an example of a speech of presentation?

answer

a speech presenting an award to an outstanding student

question

At a comedy awards show, Adam Sandler gave a splendid speech explaining why David Letterman was receiving a special award for his achievements in television comedy. According to your textbook, what kind of special occasion speech did Sandler deliver?

answer

a speech of presentation

question

When Carlos Bustamante received the Alumni of the Year award at his alma mater's annual award dinner, he gave a speech thanking the school for recognizing his work. What kind of speech did Carlos give?

answer

an acceptance speech

question

According to your textbook, in a speech of acceptance a speaker should usually

answer

A and C only

question

According to your textbook, a speech that pays tribute to a person, a group, an institution, or an idea is called a

answer

commemorative speech

question

According to your textbook, the fundamental purpose of a commemorative speech is to

answer

inspire

question

There is a great deal of research to show that if members of a small group work well together, they can almost always resolve a problem better than a single person can.

answer

True

question

Most experts set the maximum number of members for a small group at seven or eight.

answer

True

question

One of the defining traits of a small group is that its members assemble for a specific purpose.

answer

True

question

According to your textbook, a small group is a collection of three to twelve people who find themselves discussing a particular topic.

answer

False

question

An important feature of a small group is that all participants potentially function as speakers and listeners.

answer

True

question

To function effectively, a small group needs capable leadership.

answer

True

question

To function effectively, a small group needs a specific leader.

answer

False

question

The newest or least experienced member of a small group is usually referred to as the implied leader.

answer

False

question

A person who by ability, force of personality, or simply by talking the most, takes on a leadership role in a small group is called an emergent leader.

answer

True

question

Each member of a small group should be prepared to assume a leadership role when necessary.

answer

True

question

The procedural needs of a small group revolve around interpersonal relations among the group's members.

answer

False

question

The procedural needs of a small group include such matters as deciding when the group will meet, taking notes during the meeting, and summarizing the group's progress at the end of the meeting.

answer

True

question

Helping the group reach consensus on its final decision is an example of a procedural need in a small group.

answer

False

question

Setting the agenda for each meeting is an example of a procedural need in a small group.

answer

True

question

The task needs of a small group include such matters as encouraging full participation in the group, settling interpersonal conflicts, and helping members feel good about their roles in the group.

answer

False

question

Helping group members get along with each other is an example of a task need in a small group.

answer

False

question

The question for a problem-solving group discussion should usually be phrased as a question of policy.

answer

True

question

According to your textbook, a dyad is

answer

a group of two people.

question

As explained in your textbook, which of the following is a defining trait of a small group?

answer

A and B only

question

As explained in your textbook, a group member to whom other members defer because of his or her rank or expertise is called a(n)

answer

implied leader.

question

The person who assumes a leadership role in a small group because of her or his ability, personality, or talkativeness is termed a(n)

answer

emergent leader.

question

According to your textbook, a small group that meets for only one session should almost always have a(n) __________ leader.

answer

designated

question

As the vice president for employee relations, Manuel is the only member of his company's executive team attending informal small group meetings where employees are considering proposals to revise the company's personal leave policies. Beginning at its very first meeting, the group looks to Manuel for leadership. What kind of leader is Manuel?

answer

implied leader

question

According to your textbook, what are the three kinds of leadership needs faced by all problem-solving small groups?

answer

task needs, procedural needs and maintenance needs

question

According to your textbook, each of the following is a procedural need of a small group except

answer

analyzing the issue facing the group.

question

Gwen was asked to take notes during meetings of her church's fund-raising committee. According to your textbook, what kind of leadership need did Gwen's action fulfill?

answer

a procedural need

question

Which of the following is a maintenance need of a problem-solving small group?

answer

interpersonal relations in the group.

MCOM 1213 – Final Review | Quizzes 1-4 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards