MB 480 – Microbiology – Flashcards
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| Linguatala serrata |
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| A pentastome (aka "tongue worm") that causes pentastomiasis. If humans are int. host - visceral; if humans are def. host - pharyngeal. |
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| Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus |
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| An acanthocephala (aka "spiny-headed worms") that causes acanthocephaliasis in pigs; perferation of SI. |
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| Macracanthorhynchus ingens |
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| An acanthocephala (aka "spiny-headed worms") that causes infections in dogs through paratenic, snake hosts. |
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| Profilicollis spp. |
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| Alters crab behavior, selected by gulls, feed only to young, affects chicks. |
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| Corynosoma constrictum |
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| Absorb pigment - ducks selectively pick out orange crustacean (int. host) |
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| Polymorphus minutus |
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| Causes amphipods to swim upwards and cling to surface material - selected by ducks. |
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| Luecochloridium spp. |
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| Change in snails tentacle causing birds to eat them. |
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| Dicrocoelium dendriticum |
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| Cercaria found in snail slime, sought out by ant; ant gets infected in brain by metacercaria cysts; causes ant to hang out on top of grass blade, eaten by cow. |
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| Myxobolus cerebralis |
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| A salmonoid myxozoan. Causes cranial/spinal deformities (which is the cause of whirling disease) and darkened tail. |
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| Ceratomyxa shasta |
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| A salmonoid myxozoan. Causes abdominal swelling. Different genotypes affect different species of fish differently. |
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| Kudoa thysites |
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| A marine myxozoan and a multivalvulida (with 4 spores/valves) - causes tissue degradation affecting seafood industry. (Also part of Histozoic spp. group). |
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| Soricimxxum fergati |
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| First terrestrial myxozoan (Polish shrews). Get infected by eating worms; causes liver/bile duct inflammation. |
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| Myxidium anatidum |
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| Duck myxozoan that causes bile duct inflammation. |
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| Myxosporea |
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| Released by fish ingested by annelid; myxospore infective unit is sporoplasm - penetrates epidermis; actinospore is a different structure that physically contacts fish gills |
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| Histozoic spp. |
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| Part of Myxosporea class, contains Kudoa spp., appears as cysts (intercellular) wedged between tissue or (intracellular) within the cell. |
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| Coelozoic spp. |
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| Part of Myxosporea class, contains Chloromyxum spp., appear in cavities of body organs (urinary tract, gall bladder) |
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| Bivalvuida (order) |
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| Part of class Myxosporea. Found in marine and freshwater habitats. Have 2 valves/spores and 2 polar capsules. |
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| Multivalvulida (order) |
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| Part of Myxosporea class. Found in marine habitats only. More than 2 valves/spores; polar capsules = # valves; generally intracellular. |
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| Malacosporea (class) |
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| Parasites of freshwater bryozoans. |
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| Buddenbrockia plumatellae |
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| Part of Malacosporea. Causes interesting responses (facilitative colonization) to bryozoans. |
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| Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae |
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| Part of Malacosporea. Causes proliferative kidney disease (PKD); which develops in kidneys and causes swelling of kidneys and spleen. |
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| Eimeria spp. |
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| A monoxenous Coccidia with a 4 sporocysts:2 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes acute gastroenteritis in young animals. |
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| Cyclospora cayetanesis |
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| A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:2 sporozoites oocyst organization. Humans get this from SA raspberries and causes watery diarrhea and more severe in HIV patients. |
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| Isospora belli |
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| A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes gastrointestinal distress to disentery in animals. Not zoonotic. |
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| Isospora suis |
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| A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Infects young piglets. |
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| Cryptospoidium spp. (3 species discussed, they infect?) |
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| A monoxenous Coccidia with a 0 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Overall, a broad host range that causes cryptosporidiosis (gastroenteritis). C parvum (infects everything), C. hominus (just humans, C. andersoni (causes cryptosporidiosis in cattle). |
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| Sarcocystis (neurona) spp. |
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| A heteroxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes human intestinal disease, diarrhea; and human muscle disease, tenderness; S. neurona is a common problem of Oregon horses (dead end host) - causes nervous system problems |
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| Neospora caninum |
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| A heteroxenous Coccidia which has a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. causes abortion in cattle, sheep, horses. |
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| Toxoplasma gandii |
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| A heteroxenous Coccidia which has a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoties oocyst organization. Cats get parasites from mouse, pass to human from litter box, causes many things to developing fetus including hydrocephalus. |
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| Babesia microti |
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| A Piroplasma that is transmitted by a tick (Ixodes) vector. Causes babesiosis or hemolytic anemia. |
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| Babesia canis |
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| A Piroplasma blood Apicomplexa. In US most common strain is vogeli subspecies. The NA vector is the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). In US, typically asymptomatic. |
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| Babesia divergens |
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| A zoonotic Piroplasma that infects adult cattle preferentially to calves. |
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| Babesia bigemina |
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| A Piroplasma that used to be a concern in the US (still is is Mexico), but eradicated thanks to tick riders. Causes hemoglobinuria (very high mortality rate). Rhipicephalus spp. vector. |
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| Plasmodium spp. |
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| Blood Apicomplexa that cause malaria. Differ in geographic range and virulence, but also morphology of specific stages. |
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| Plasmodium falciparum |
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| A Plasmodium: Was cosmopolitan, now primarily tropics and subtropics, most virulent. |
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| Plasmodium vivax |
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| A Plasmodium: most widespread, temperate habitats, found in Asia (mostly) |
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| Plasmodium ovale |
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| Rarest, confined to tropics (esp. coast of W. Africa). |
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| Plasmodium malariae |
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| Cosmopolitan - but not continuous - infects chimpanzees too. |
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| Name the four methods for measuring parasite associated mortality. (...; decrease in ...; decrease in ...; compare ...) |
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| Necropsy; prevalence over time; variance over time; observed frequency to projected frequency of lightly infected individuals. |
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| Tumor promotion in Schistosoma haematobium |
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| Causes bladder cancer through fibrosis |
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| Tumor promotion in Opisthorchis viverrini |
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| Causes cholangiocarcinoma via a cascade that causes DNA mutations |
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| Tumor promotion in Spirocera lupi |
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| Causes fibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma in dogs |
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| Tumor promotion in Ollulanus tricuspis |
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| "Stomach worms of cats"; cause adenocarcinoma |
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| Tumor promotion in Psuedocapillaria tomentosa |
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| Acts as a tumor promoter in many species of fish |
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| Giardia lamblia |
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| A flagellate that does not penetrate. Causes epigastric pain; assemblage A/B are broad host reservoirs (incl. humans); assemblage C/D only for dogs |
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| Trichomonas vaginalis |
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| A flagellate that has no cyst stage (only trophozoite); venereal disease (mostly) - causes green/yellow frothy vaginal secretions |
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| Tritrichomonas foetus |
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| A flagellate that is transmitted sexually (usually). (Bovine) causes infertility and abortions. (Feline) causes GI infections and diarrhea in kittens. |
