Mandated Reporter – Flashcards
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Abused child
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<18yrs of age who's parents or other legal person responsible for his care
- inflicts injury other than accidental means
-creates or allows to be created a substantial risk of such injury
-commits or allow to be commited a sex offense against such child
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National incidence study
Why professionals report only half of the incidents?
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-confusion or misunderstanding about reporting laws and procedures
-lack of knowledge or awareness of warning signs/clues
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University of Rochester Study
What did the mandated reporters disclosed?
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-not clear about abuse/neglect as defined in state law
-often influenced by their professional beliefs, values, and experiences
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Child protective services act of 1973
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mandated reporters state central register
local child protective services
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What is the role of a mandated reporter?
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To report suspected incidents of child abuse or maltreatment/ neglect while acting in their professional capacity.
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What are the reasonable causes to report child abuse?
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- law doesn't require absolute certainty
-"reasonable cause to believe" YOU DON'T NEED PROOF (if you THINK, SUSPECT, OBSERVE- report it!)
-"Good Samaritan law"
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"Good Samaritan Law"
As a Mandated reporter
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Any person or institution making a report of suspected child abuse treatment in good faith has immunity for civil or criminal liability which might otherwise be incurred. The good faith of any person required to report shall be presumed.
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What is Criminal Sanction?
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It is a class A misdemeanor for a mandated reporter to willfully fail to report a case of suspected child abuse or maltreatment.
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What is Civil Sanction?
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A mandated reporter who knowingly and willfully fails to report of suspected child abuse or maltreatment civilly liable for damages caused by such failure
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Legal Framework
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-immunity
-confidentiality
-penalties
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What does Mandated Reporter report?
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- provide records regarding a mandated to report necessary for a CPS (child protective services ) investigation, irrespective of HIPPA proscription or any other privilege.
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What is an Abuser?
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-inflicts or allows to be inflicted injury
-Creates or allows to be created substantial risk of physical injury
-commits or allows to be committed a sex offense
-inflicts or allows to be inflicted harm including infliction of excessive corporal punishment
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Recognize physics abuse
Signs???
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-bruises welts on the face neck and chest back.
-injuries shape of an object
-burns
-fractures that do not fit story of an injury.
-delay in seeking for medical help.
-extremes in child behaviors (very aggressive or withdrawn and shy - unlike the child's behavior)
-afraid to go home
-frightened of the caregivers/parents
-fearful of other adults
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What is neglect?
Neglected child?
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-one who is <18 whose physical, mental or emotional condition has been impaired or is in danger of becoming impaired due to parents' :
(Failure to provide food,clothing,shelter, medical care and education)
(Failure to provide proper supervision or guardianship)
(Infliction of excessive corporal punishment)
(Abandonment of child)
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Signs of neglect???
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-poor hygiene , body odor
-inappropriate dress for the weather
-needs medical or dental care
-unsupervised <12
- failure to thrive , malnutrition
- constant hunger, begs or steal food
-extreme willingness to please
-frequent absence from school
-Arrives early or stays late at school/play areas/people's home
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Bruising areas (Normal)
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Elbows , knees, shin
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Bruising areas (Abnormal)
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Back, back of thighs, back of calves, buttocks
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Common indicators of abuse
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Child's physical, behavioral indicators.
Parent's behavioral indicators.
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Emotional abuse & neglect
Signs?
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-low self esteem
-self denigration
-severe depression
-aggression
-withdrawal
-severe anxiety
-Failure to learn
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Sexual abuse
Touch vs NO touch
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Genital
-pain, swelling, itching, bruises, bleeding or discharges
-difficulty walking or sitting, frequent urination
-STD's
-stained or bloody underclothing
-refusal to take part in gym or other exercises.
-poor peer relationship
-unusual interest/knowledge/ terminology in sex for age
-drastic change in school achievements
-delinquent
-regressive or childlike behaviors
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Consider the possibility of sexual abuse IF the PARENT:
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-overly protective of child's contact with others
-secretive and isolated
-behaves in sexual manners towards the child
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Cultural practice (not abuse)
Coining or Cao gio
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-Rid of bad winds
Apply ointment and use coin or spoon to firmly run the skin until petechiae or purpura appears.
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Cultural practice( not abuse)
Cupping
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A auctioning effect to draw out aggravating substances
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Cultural practice (not abuse)
Petroleum jelly
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Place the jelly on the eyes to promote sleep
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If you suspect abuse, a nurse must
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-be aware of physical and behavioral signs
-be approachable (let the child open up to you)
-evaluate the situation
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If a child tells you about abuse or neglect
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-listen to and believe the child ( open ended questions)
-be supportive of the child( don't promise)
-don't overreact
-write down what the child says and report.
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DON'Ts When talking to children
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-overreact
-pass judgement
-don't "put words into the child's mouth"
-interrogate
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Imaginary situation
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"If someone is being touched in a bad way"
-Encourage to talk
-Trust
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Appropriate responses
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-reassure that you want to help
-inform them that other people may be involve to help them
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Reasonable cause to suspect
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- don't have to prove it
-distrust or doubt is enough
-observations
-child is harmed or imminent danger of harm
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Local district response to child abuse report
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-begin investigation within 24hrs (verify and develop plan)
-determination of report within 60 days ( indicated and unfounded and sealed)