Management Information Systems Chapter 6 – Flashcards
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field
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a grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number
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record
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a group of related fields
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file
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a group of records of the same type
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entity
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a person, place, thing, or event on which we store and maintain information.
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data redundancy
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the presence of duplicate data in multiple data files so that the same data are stored in more than one place or location
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database
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a collection of data organized to service many applications at the same time by storing and managing data so that they appear to be in one location
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database management system (DBMS)
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software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently and provide access to the stored data by application programs
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relational DBMS
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a type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables. It can relate data stored in one table to data in another as long as the two tables share a common data element
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tuples
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technical term for rows
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key field
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A field in a record that uniquely identifies instances of that record so that it can be retrieved, updated, or sorted
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primary key
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unique identifier for all the information in any row of a database table
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foreign key
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Field in a database table that enables users to find related information in another database table
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object-oriented DBMS
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an approach to data management that stores both data and the procedures acting on the data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared; the objects can contain multimedia.
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object-relational DBMS
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A database management system that combines the capabilities of a relational DBMS for storing traditional information and the capabilities of an object-oriented DBMS for storing graphics and multimedia.
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data definition
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DBMS capability that specifies the structure and content of the database
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data manipulation language
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A language associated with a database management system that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database
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structured query language (SQL)
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The standard data manipulation language for relational database management systems.
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normalization
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the process of creating small stable data structures form complex groups of data when designing a relational database
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database server
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A computer in a client/server environment that is responsible for running a DBMS to process SQL statements and perform database management tasks
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information policy
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Formal rules governing the maintenance, distribution, and use of information in an organization
