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and

answer

Called Boolean/Logical AND operator. If both the operands are true then then condition becomes true. ex. (a and b) is true.

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del

answer

The del statement is a way to remove an item from a list given it's index instead of it's value: the del statement ex. a= [-1, 1, 66.25, 333, 333, 1234.5] del a[0] a [1, 66.25, 333, 333, 1234.5]

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from

answer

The root of a from-import statement. The from-import statemetn is used to import specific objects from a module. ex. from x import y

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not

answer

Called Boolean/Logical NOT Operator. Used to reverse the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true then Boolean/Logical NOT operator will make it false. ex. not(a and b) is false.

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while

answer

Repeats a statement or group of statements while a given condition is true. It tests the condition before executing the loop body. ex. while(x<10):

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as

answer

Used in a 'with' statement to define the alias to assign each result of with x to. ex. with open("x.log") as x

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elif

answer

Short for else if, used as a conditional execution statement following an 'if' statement. ex. if x==0: do this elif x==1: do this

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global

answer

A declaration which holds for the entire code block. It means that the listed identifiers are to be interpreted as globals.

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or

answer

Boolean/Logical operator. If either condition is True, return True.

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with

answer

The with statement is used to wrap the execution of a block with functionality provided by a separate guard object (see context-managers). This allows common try-except-finally usage patterns to be encapsulated for convenient reuse. ex. with open("foo.log") as x: data = x.read() print data

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assert

answer

The assert statement verifies that the expression defined resolves to true. If it does not it will raise an AssertionError with an optional expression2. ex. assert (x==1 or x==2)

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else

answer

When all conditional execution statements in an If, Elif block return false, the else will catch and execute. ex. if x==1: do1 elif x==2: do2 else: do3

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if

answer

A conditional execution statement which executes some code if a statement is True.

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pass

answer

A null operation. When this is executed nothing happens. ex. if x<0: derp() else pass

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yield

answer

Return a generator object(like a list or tuple) instead of a static object. ex. def direct(path): yield os.path.walk(path)

question

break

answer

Terminate loop.

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except

answer

When a try statement fails, the except catches the failure and returns.

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import

answer

The import statement initializes an external module so its functions can be used in the current environment. ex. import os print os.path("c:")

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print

answer

The print statement will export the argument to STDOUT.

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class

answer

An object that contains functions and can be instantiated. Defines an object.

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exec

answer

Allows for the dynamic execution of Python code. Execute code.

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in

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When used with an if, allows the code to loop through all members of a generator object. Evaluates to true if x is a member of the set s. ex. x = 1 if x in [1,2,3,4,5]: print "winner"

question

raise

answer

Used to call an exception that can be customized per situation. ex. raise Exception, "PC LOAD LETTER"

question

continue

answer

Skip the rest of the current loop and continue loop cycle. ex. a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] for x in a: if x>3: print "too high!" continue print x

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finally

answer

The finally statement is the cleanup function in a 'try' statement. While all of the try... except... else are executed, if an exception is raised it is parsed and printed in the finally statement. This also causes any application that is preemptively interrupted to still execute the finally statement before closing out of the loop. ex. try: d = file("derp.txt") while True line = d.readline() if len(line)==0: break time.sleep(2) print line finally: d.close() print "Cleaning."

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is

answer

Evaluates to true if the variables on either side of the operator point to the same object and false otherwise.

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return

answer

The statement return [expression] exits a function, optionally passing back an expression to the caller. A return statement with no arguments is the same as return None.

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def

answer

Define a function.

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for

answer

Execute a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable.// Defines a variable to store each iteration as the generator counts through. // The for statement iterates over the items of any sequence (a list or a string), in the order that they appear in the sequence. ex. words = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate'] for w in words: print w, len(w)

question

lambda

answer

Creates an anonymous function that is not bound to a specific namespace. ex. for i in (1,2,3,4,5): a = lambda x: x * x print a(i)

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try

answer

Specifies exception handlers and/or cleanup code for a group of statements.

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True

answer

Boolean true ex. x = x

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False

answer

Boolean false. ex. y = x

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None

answer

Absence of a value.

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strings

answer

A sequence characters which mathematical functions cannot be performed on. ex. "Hello world"

question

numbers

answer

A sequence of numbers that math can be performed on. ex. 1, 3, 4, 9938

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floats

answer

Represent real numbers and are written with a decimal point dividing the integer and fractional parts. Floats may also be in scientific notation, with E or e indicating the power of 10. ex. 1.0, 3.0, 4.0, 99.38, 2.5e2

question

lists

answer

Mutable sequence of elements that can be iterated through. ex. (1, 3, blue, apple)

question

'

answer

Escape Sequence; Single quote(')

question

"

answer

Escape Sequence; Double quote(")

question

a

answer

Escape Sequence; ASCII Bell (BEL)

question

b

answer

Escape Sequence; Backspace

question

f

answer

Escape Sequence; ASCII Formfeed

question

n

answer

Escape Sequence; New Line

question

r

answer

Escape Sequence; Carriage Return

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t

answer

Escape Sequence; Horizontal Tab

question

v

answer

Escape Sequence; Vertical Tab

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%d

answer

Signed decimal

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%i

answer

Signed decimal (same as %d)

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%u

answer

Signed decimal (obsolete)

question

%o

answer

Octal

question

%x

answer

Signed hex, lowercase

question

%X

answer

Signed hex, uppercase

question

%e

answer

Floating point in exponential format, lowercase

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%E

answer

Floating point in exponential format, uppercase

question

%f

answer

Floating point decimal format

question

%F

answer

Floating point decimal format

question

%g

answer

Floating point format. Lowercase exponential format if less than -4, decimal format otherwise

question

%G

answer

Floating point. Uppercase exponential format if less than -4, decimal format otherwise

question

%c

answer

Single character.

question

%r

answer

String, converts using repr(), "x"

question

%s

answer

Strong, converts using str(), x

question

%%

answer

no argument converted. Results in '%' in the result.

question

+

answer

add

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-

answer

subtract

question

*

answer

multiply

question

**

answer

Exponentiation, 'to the power of'

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/

answer

divide

question

//

answer

quotient, division without any remainder

question

%

answer

remainder

question

<

answer

less than

question

>

answer

greater than

question

<=

answer

less than or equal to

question

>=

answer

greater than or equal to

question

==

answer

comparison, equal to

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!=

answer

comparison, not equal to

question

()

answer

tuple

question

[]

answer

list

question

{}

answer

set

question

=

answer

Declaration of a variable

question

+=

answer

Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand. ex. c += a is equivalent to c = c + a

question

-=

answer

Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand. ex. c -= a is equivalent to c = c - a

question

*=

answer

Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand. ex. c *= a is equivalent to c = c * a

question

/=

answer

Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand. ex. c /= a is equivalent to c = c / a

question

//=

answer

Floor Dividion and assigns a value, Performs floor division on operators and assign value to the left operand. ex. //= a is equivalent to c = c // a

question

%=

answer

Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand. ex. c %= a is equivalent to c = c % a

question

**=

answer

Exponent AND assignment operator, Performs exponential (power) calculation on operators and assign value to the left operand. ex. c **= a is equivalent to c = c ** a

LPtHW – Exercise 37: Symbol Review – Flashcards

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