Lifespan Pyschology – Flashcards
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Irreversibility refers to the preoperational child's tendency to:
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believe that what has been done cannot be undone.
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In terms of visual acuity, newborns:
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are legally blind.
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What are the four categories of temperament suggested by the New York Longitudinal Study?
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easy, difficult, slow to warm up, hard to classify
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According to Freud, boys in the third psychoanalytic stage of development:
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secretly want to replace their fathers.
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A newborn's brain weight is _____ an adult's brain weight.
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25 percent of
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Genes are most likely to influence which type of language?
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expressive
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The desire to pursue a goal that comes from within a person is called:
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intrinsic motivation.
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"I catched two mouses in a trap" is an example of:
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overregularization.
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In order to be substantiated child maltreatment, _____ must be verified by the authorities.
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abuse or neglect
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Astrid, age 6, helps her aunt make tortillas in the early morning and then she goes to school until noon. In the afternoon, she and her best friend watch their baby brothers while their mothers sell goods at the market. In the evening, her whole family talks and eats together. She knows her parents are proud of her and she feels proud too. According to the text, Astrid's labor is:
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reflecting her culture.
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Freud would attribute an adult's fingernail biting and overeating to problems during which childhood developmental stage?
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oral
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The foundation of psychoanalytic theory is:
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inner drives and motives
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Developing self-respect, nurturing friendships with peers, and encouraging learning are three of the:
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functions of a family.
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In the science of human development, "nature" refers to:
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the genes that people inherit.
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What is one danger in asking people to reveal their race?
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stereotyping people unlike ourselves
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What is the term for a specific learning disability related to math?
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dyscalculia
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How do abused children come to view other people?
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as hostile and ready to take advantage of them
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When Kitana wants her teacher to repeat a question, she asks, "Would you please repeat the question?" but when she needs a classmate to repeat himself, she says, "Huh?" This example shows that Kitana understands:
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he pragmatics of language.
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The Piagetian term for a particular type of centration in which a child thinks about the world only from his or her personal perspective is:
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egocentrism.
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Low folic acid in during pregnancy can result in:
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neural-tube defects.
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Borrelli et al. (2010) conducted an intervention study that focused on 100 caregivers of children with asthma. The caregivers smoked and did not necessarily want to quit. Over the course of the study the caregivers were shown the amount of smoke the children were being exposed to and counseled on different approaches to quitting smoking. After three months, the results of the study revealed that _____ of the caregivers had quit smoking and the children's asthma attacks were _____ frequent.
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1/4 ; less
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Elaine communicates with her new baby using child-directed speech, which is also referred to as:
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motherese.
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About a week after conception, the outer layer of the multiplying cells forms a protective circle, or shell, that will become the:
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placenta.
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Which of these is the BEST example of plasticity?
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a teenager who spends a summer in Chile and learns to speak Spanish
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The logical principle that objects can be grouped according to some characteristic that they share is called:
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classification.
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Opinions surrounding the issues of children's freedom on playgrounds and their supervision in public places are often affected by a person's:
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culture.
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Research data that can be categorized, ranked, or numbered is:
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quantitative
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What is Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development?
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industry versus inferiority
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What is one effect of lower infant mortality rates?
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Mothers have fewer babies.
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At what age do MOST children without older siblings develop theory of mind?
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4 years
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Jared, who speaks only English, has moved to Spain with his family. He attends a public school. All of his school subjects are taught in Spanish. Jared is learning Spanish through:
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immersion.
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Which factor has NOT been linked to depression?
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high levels of serotonin
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Proximal parenting tends to produce children who are:
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compliant.
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Jennica experienced neglect as an infant while her mother suffered from severe depression and her father was addicted to painkillers. The outcome on Jennica's development could manifest itself in many different ways. This reflects the developmental principle of:
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multifinality.
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One problem about athletic sports leagues is tha
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low SES children are unlikely to belong to these teams.
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Kohlberg's theory has been criticized because his
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theory does not take into account cultural differences.
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Developmentalists who believe that children are born amoral and learn to adopt their community's rules of morality subscribe to the belief that moral development predominantly comes from
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nurture.
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Fine motor skills are those that:
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require small body movements.
