question

The primary responsibility of a lifeguard is to ensure _____________ _____________ and to protect ____________________.

answer

patron safety and protect lives

question

In what ways should a professional lifeguard be prepared for his or her job?

answer

Knowledgeable and skilled , reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional

question

What different environments employ lifeguards?

answer

lakes, beaches, coves, pool clubs, community pools

question

The certificates you earn in this class will prepare you for working in which environment(s)?

answer

*very environment that hires red cross certified lifeguards

question

List one decision that a lifeguard may have to make?

answer

F.I.N.D

question

The FIND model stands for:

answer

Figure out the problem, identify the possible solutions, name the pros and cons for each solution, decide which solutions is best

question

Duty to act _____

answer

A legal responsibility to respond to an emergency while on the job.

question

Standard of care

answer

The benchmark by which the actions of a caregiver with similar training and experience is measured.

question

Negligence _____

answer

A failure to act or to use reasonable care that results in injury or that causes further harm.

question

Good Samaritan laws _____

answer

Statutes that generally provide legal protection to people who willingly (without a duty to act) give emergency care without being negligent or accepting anything in return

question

Consent ______

answer

Permission to provide care given by an injured adult or the parent of an injured child to a rescuer or caregiver. This permission is implied when the adult is unresponsive or the child is unattended.

question

Refusal of care ______

answer

An unwillingness to receive first aid or medical treatment expressed by a victim (or the victim's parent or guardian) who must give consent.

question

Abandonment ______

answer

The failure to continue care once it has been initiated.

question

Confidentiality _____

answer

The safeguarding of a victim's right to privacy as it concerns his or her medical condition, etc.

question

Documentation _____

answer

A form, like an accident report, that describes what was seen, heard, and done during an emergency.

question

As you keep in mind the legal considerations explained in this chapter, read the following scenario and answer the related questions: A female patron slips and falls on the deck. She hits her head, and it is lightly bleeding. You ask for consent, but the patron refuses. She says she will get dressed and go home. a. What should you do? A few minutes after the patron enters the locker room, another patron comes out and says the woman is now unconscious in the locker room. b. Should you help the patron now? Why or why not?

answer

A- fill out a report and ask her to sign if not, write that down on the documentations.B- Then you would help her because she is unconscious it is called implied consent

question

What is the importance of the lifeguard team?

answer

working together, following rules and regulations, acting fast when it comes to an emergency, and understanding how to wok like a team

question

The lifeguard team is part of a larger team - the _______________ ________________ team.

answer

the lifeguard team and the safety team

question

how to prevent injuries

answer

patron safety

question

risk management

answer

identifying dangerous conditions/ behaviors that can cause injury and then taking steps to minimize them

question

preventive life guarding

answer

most time will be spent on trying to make sure emergencies don't happen

question

what are some examples of life- threatening injures

answer

submersion (nonfatal/drowning). injuries to the head, neck or back (spiral injuries), unconsciousness. breathing emergencies, cardiac emergencies, severe bleeding

question

what are the most two serious aquatic emergencies to prevent

answer

drowning and head,neck and back injuries

question

Drowning

answer

happens when a person suffocates in the water

question

How are patrons informed of a potential injury at an aquatic facility

answer

Rules and regulations

question

Rules and regulations

answer

Lifeguards need to understand the rules and regulations of the facility where they work, rules do not keep patron from having fun, but are for every ones health and safety

question

when are safety checks conducted

answer

before opening the facility, during daily operations,at closing

question

what to do if you find an unsafe condition

answer

correct it if possible before the facility opens, if you cannot correct the problem, tell the LG supervisor immediately

question

While you are conducting a safety check, you find a large crack on the pool deck near the deep end. you should-

answer

close off the area and tell the lifeguard supervisor right away

question

Weather conditions

answer

Lightning and thunderstorms happen more often in the summer.

question

what should lifeguards do in the event of a thunder and lightning

answer

clear everyone from the water at the first sound of thunder or first sight of lighting.

question

Patron surveillance

answer

a lifeguards primary responsibility is to ensure patron safety and protect lives.

question

what is the primary tool to accomplish that function is patron surveillance -

answer

keeping a close watch over people in the facility, you will spend most of your time on patron surveillance, you must be alert and attentive at all times

question

what is the RID factor

answer

most drownings at supervised swim areas happen when neither lifeguards nor patrons notice that a victim had slipped below the surface

question

RID stands for

answer

Recognition Instructive Distraction

question

EAP(s)stands for

answer

Emergency action plans

question

What are EAP(s)

answer

detailed plans describing everyone's responsibilities in an emergency and should be in the facility policies and procedures manual

question

When should EAP be practiced

answer

Regularly during orientation and in- service training sessions.

question

What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?

answer

Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises

question

If someone does not give consent, what do you do?

answer

Call 9-1-1

question

What are situations in which you would call 9-1-1?

answer

No signs of life, no breathing, unconsciousness, seizures, apparent poisoning, injured arm with bone showing through the skin, deep burn on face, trouble breathing, and severe bleeding that does not stop.

question

What are situations in which you would move a victim?

answer

When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person

question

What are ways you could minimize disease transmission?

answer

Avoid touching, breathing, and biting the person

question

What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?

answer

Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?

question

What would you do if someone was in shock?

answer

Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding

question

What is the best way to check to see if a person is unconscious?

answer

Ask them, "Are you okay, are you okay?"

question

What is the most important step to take in an emergency situation?

answer

Call 911

question

What are the signs of troubled breathing?

answer

Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.

question

What care should you give to a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?

answer

Abdominal back thrusts and back blows

question

How long do you check for signs of life?

answer

10 seconds

question

How long should one rescue breathe be?

answer

1 second

question

What are the signs of a heart attack?

answer

Trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, discomfort, and nausea

question

How many cycles of CPR should be preformed in 2 minutes on an adult?

answer

5 cycles

question

What is one cycle of compressions and breaths in CPR for an adult?

answer

30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths

question

Why is early CPR an important link in the cardiac chain of survival?

answer

It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or emergency medical personnel arrives.

question

Why should you stop giving CPR?

answer

If the scene becomes unsafe, you find a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted to continue, or another trained responder takes over.

question

What are the steps in treating a burn?

answer

Check the scene for safety, stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn, check for life threatening conditions, cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water, cover the burn loosely, with a sterile dressing, prevent infection, take steps to minimize shock, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person.

question

How should a splint be applied?

answer

Around the injury, top and bottom, check for skin discoloration and circulation

question

How do you care for a person who is having a seizure?

answer

You call 911 and try to calm them down

question

What is a stroke?

answer

Blood clot to the brain

question

What is a diabetic emergency?

answer

When diabetics have too much sugar or don't have enough and need sugar.

question

What is a open fracture?

answer

Bone sticking out of skin

question

What do you do for someone suffering from heat exhaustion?

answer

Give them cool water, elevate them, call 911, take off their clothes, and get a fan on them.

question

What are the stages of heat exhaustion from least to most severe?

answer

Cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke

question

How should you care for someone with frostbite?

answer

Keep the blood flowing, get cold wet clothes, anything wet off of them.

question

What are the steps in caring for a bleeding wound?

answer

Apply pressure, wrap around the wound

question

What are the signs for internal bleeding?

answer

Can taste iron, red / blue skin, tender, swollen or bruised skin, vomiting, or coughing blood.

question

What does FAST stand for?

answer

Face, arm, speech, and time.

question

What do you do when someone who is allergic is stung by a bee?

answer

Call 911

question

If you suspect that a conscious person has been poisoned who do you call?

answer

Poison control center

question

Characterisitcs of a Professional Lifeguard. Lifeguards must be...

answer

knowledgable with appropriate skills, reliable, mature, couteous and consistent, positive, and professional.

question

How to stay healthy and fit.

answer

exercise, eat and hydrate properly, rest adequately, use sun protection, and refrain from using alcohol and other drugs.

question

Overexposure to the sun can cause...

answer

sunburn, skin cancer, dehydration, heat exaustion, and heat stroke.

question

Dehydration

answer

When a person loses more fluids than he/she consumes.

question

Primary Responsibilities

answer

Preventing injuries, enforcing rules, recognizing and responding quickly to emergencies, administering first aid and CPR, and informing others when help is needed.

question

Secondary Responsibilities

answer

Filling out records and reports, maintenance, and inspecting the facility.

question

Job Description

answer

Responsible for ensuring the safety of facility patrons by preventing and responding to emergencies.

question

FIND - F

answer

Figure out the problem

question

FIND - I

answer

Identify possible solutions

question

FIND - N

answer

Name the pros and cons for each solution

question

FIND - D

answer

Decide which solution is best

question

When is the FIND model used?

answer

When making a desicion, but never in emergencies.

question

Duty to act

answer

Your legal responsibility to do something in the case of an emergency

question

Standard of care

answer

Communication to help prevent injuries, victim recognition, rescue attempts, and emergency care according to level of training.

question

Negligence

answer

Failure in following standard of care by failing to provide care, providing too much care (outside of your scope of training), providing innapropriate care, or failing to prevent problems.

question

Good Samaritan Laws

answer

Protection for people who help someone within their scope of training and w/o negligence while not being paid. Good people, do good things!

question

What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?

answer

Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises

question

If someone does not give consent, what do you do?

answer

Call 9-1-1

question

What are situations in which you would call 9-1-1?

answer

No signs of life, no breathing, unconsciousness, seizures, apparent poisoning, injured arm with bone showing through the skin, deep burn on face, trouble breathing, and severe bleeding that does not stop.

question

What are situations in which you would move a victim?

answer

When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person

question

What are ways you could minimize disease transmission?

answer

Avoid touching, breathing, and biting the person

question

What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?

answer

Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?

question

What would you do if someone was in shock?

answer

Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding

question

What is the best way to check to see if a person is unconscious?

answer

Ask them, "Are you okay, are you okay?"

question

What is the most important step to take in an emergency situation?

answer

Call 911

question

What are the signs of troubled breathing?

answer

Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.

question

What care should you give to a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?

answer

Abdominal back thrusts and back blows

question

What are the signs of a heart attack?

answer

Trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, discomfort, and nausea

question

Why is early CPR an important link in the cardiac chain of survival?

answer

It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or emergency medical personnel arrives.

question

Why should you stop giving CPR?

answer

If the scene becomes unsafe, you find a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted to continue, or another trained responder takes over.

question

What are the steps in treating a burn?

answer

Check the scene for safety, stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn, check for life threatening conditions, cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water, cover the burn loosely, with a sterile dressing, prevent infection, take steps to minimize shock, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person.

question

How should a splint be applied?

answer

Around the injury, top and bottom, check for skin discoloration and circulation

question

How do you care for a person who is having a seizure?

answer

You call 911 and try to calm them down

question

What is a stroke?

answer

Blood clot to the brain

question

What is a diabetic emergency?

answer

When diabetics have too much sugar or don't have enough and need sugar.

question

What is a open fracture?

answer

Bone sticking out of skin

question

What do you do for someone suffering from heat exhaustion?

answer

Give them cool water, elevate them, call 911, take off their clothes, and get a fan on them.

question

What are the stages of heat exhaustion from least to most severe?

answer

Cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke

question

How should you care for someone with frostbite?

answer

Keep the blood flowing, get cold wet clothes, anything wet off of them.

question

What are the steps in caring for a bleeding wound?

answer

Apply pressure, wrap around the wound

question

What are the signs for internal bleeding?

answer

Can taste iron, red / blue skin, tender, swollen or bruised skin, vomiting, or coughing blood.

question

What does FAST stand for?

answer

Face, arm, speech, and time.

question

What do you do when someone who is allergic is stung by a bee?

answer

Call 911

question

If you suspect that a conscious person has been poisoned who do you call?

answer

Poison control center

question

victim shows signs of life, EMS arrives, AED arrives and is switched on, you are too exhausted, scene become unsafe

answer

when should you stop CPR/giving care?

question

Check, call, care

answer

3 C's

question

Victim might go into surgery

answer

why should you not give your victim food ever?

question

Adult-head to toe, Child-toe to head

answer

how do you check a adult that's conscious, or a child?

question

10

answer

for every one minute care is delayed, your victim loses ____% chance of survival

question

shows signs of restlessness, vomiting, pale complexion, irregular breathing, half-conscious

answer

how do you know if your victim is in shock?

question

thirst for water

answer

what will the victim do in shock that is most important to check for? (Hint: *food*)

question

Head tilt, chin lift

answer

what to do after rolling victim face up

question

tap and shout

answer

what to do if you see a victim that seems to be unconscious? *before CPR*

question

1 second, make chest clearly rise

answer

how long should one breath be, and what should it do to your victim?

question

call 911

answer

if your victim is having cardiac arrest, what do you do first?

question

when your heart stops beating entirely

answer

definition of cardiac arrest

question

early recognition, early CPR, early defibrillation, early EMS care

answer

4 Early's

question

encourage further coughs

answer

if victim is coughing for choking, _____the victim to do _____?

question

5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts

answer

what to do to a choking victim if conscious

question

find navel, fist right above navel

answer

where do you thrust, and where does your fist go?

question

remove barrier, 30 chest compressions

answer

if two breaths and two others don't go in on an unconscious adult, what do you do?

question

airway, breathing, circulation

answer

what are the ABC's

question

upper right, lower left

answer

where do the AED pads go? think for them- left right difference....

question

turn on

answer

what to do if AED is nearby *First*

question

CPR (definition)

answer

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

question

Automatic External Defibrillator

answer

AED's meaning

question

bare dry skin

answer

where do the pads of AED have to go? (*Hint*: skin)

question

break ribs

answer

what is an *effective* chest compression do?

question

rolling into recovery

answer

how do you check a conscious victim

question

EAP

answer

Emergency Action Plan

question

HAINES Recovery Position

answer

High Arm in Endangered Spine

question

EMS

answer

Emergency Medical Services

question

ENAMES

answer

-Environmental Hazards -Number of Victims -Additional Resources -Mechanism of Injury -Extrication -Spinal Precautions

question

CABC

answer

-Consciousness --> Call 911 (Glove-up) -Airway (Open) -Breathing -Circulation

question

SAMPLE(D)

answer

-Signs and Symptoms -Age/Allergies -Medication -Past Medical History -Last oral intake -Events Proceeding -(Drugs/Diseases)

question

Obstructed Airway

answer

• 30 Compressions • Check for objects • 2 Breaths

question

CPR (act of)

answer

• 30 compressions (up to 2.5 in. for adult, 2in. for kids, 1.5in. for infants) • 2 Breaths

question

Types of Rescues and Assists

answer

-Simple Assist -Reaching Assist -Active Front Rescue -Active Rear Rescue -Passive Rear Rescue -Submerged Shallow/Deep Water

question

4 Things to help ensure victim survival

answer

Early Recognition/Response, Early CPR, Early Defibrillation, Early EMS Arrival

question

Cardiac Arrest

answer

failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death

question

Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)

answer

abnormal heart rhythm which results in quivering of ventricles

question

Ventricular tachycardia

answer

abnormal heart rhythm in which the heart contracts too rapidly

question

Hepatitis C

answer

a liver disease that is the common bloodborne infection in the United States

question

2 Person CPR Ratios

answer

Adult: still 30:2 Child or Infant: 15:2

question

Secondary Assessment Mnemonic

answer

S~signs and symptoms A~allergies M~medications P~pertinent Past Medical Information L~last Oral Intake E~events leading up to incident

question

Signs and Symptoms

answer

What happened? Do you feel any pain or discomfort? Where? Do you have any numbness? Where?

question

Allergies

answer

Are you allergic to any foods or medications? What is your reaction?

question

Medications

answer

Do you have any conditions you are medicated for? What are the medications? What are the conditions? What medications have you taken in the past 12 hours?

question

Pertinent Past Medical Information

answer

Have you had any recent falls, accidents, or blows to the head? Have you had any recent medical, surgical, or trauma incidents?

question

Last Oral Intake

answer

What was the last thing you had to eat? When? What was the last thing you had to drink? When?

question

Events Leading Up to the Incident

answer

What were you doing before this happened? What were you doing when this happened?

question

Infant and Child CPR

answer

1 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths 2 Rescuer- 15 compressions per 1 breath

question

Adult CPR

answer

1 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths 2 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths

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