Life Span Ch 9 Quiz – Flashcards

What does the term "menarche" refer to? a. Ovulation of the first egg. b. The years prior to puberty. c. The growth of the uterus and vagina. d. A girl's first menstrual period.

At adolescence, the gonads increase the production of sex hormones: ___________ in girls and __________ in boys. a. androgens; testosterones b. androgens; estrogens c. testosterones; estradiol d. estradiol; testosterone

In what way does weight affect puberty? a. Body fat delays puberty. b. Excess weight results in earlier puberty. c. Weight has been shown to have no effect on puberty. d. Stocky individuals begin puberty later than thinner ones.

In what way does stress affect puberty? a. Stress regulates menstruation. b. Stress encourages reproduction at every stage of the process. c. Stress increases the hormones that start puberty. d. Stress decreases the hormones that start puberty.

Early-maturing girls: a. tend to be less depressed than late-maturing girls. b. tend to be more popular than late-maturing girls. c. have a healthy body image. d. tend to have lower self-esteem than late-maturing girls.

A person's idea of how his or her body looks is called: a. mirror image. b. body image. c. image perception. d. body perception.

Which of the following is among the body changes in adolescence that increase physical endurance? a. The heart doubles in size. b. Breathing is more rapid. c. The total volume of blood decreases. d. Blood pressure decreases.

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is a sexually active teenager most likely to have? a. AIDS b. genital herpes c. VD d. syphilis

Child sexual abuse: a. is associated with an increase in depression but not in suicide. b. is most common just after puberty. c. has no effect on later relationships. d. includes only nonconsensual sexual activity between a juvenile and an older person.

Which statement concerning a teenager's brain growth is true? a. The limbic system matures before the prefrontal cortex does. b. The prefrontal cortex matures before the limbic system does. c. Maturation of the cortex depends more on hormones than on age. d. The reflective areas of the brain develop before the emotional areas do.

Why do emotions rule behavior for many teens? a. The onset of puberty is earlier. b. The amygdala matures before the prefrontal cortex does. c. The complexities of emotional restraint are beyond them. d. All of these answers are correct.

What is adolescent egocentrism? a. The thinking that leads young people to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others. b. Young people's belief that they cannot be harmed by anything. c. The ability to engage in more systematic thinking. d. An adolescent's belief that he or she is better than everyone else.

Teens are likely to experiment with drugs and have unprotected sex because of: a. the imaginary audience. b. the personal fable. c. the invincibility fable. d. adolescent aggression.

Julie is obsessed with how others will react to her behavior and appearance. It takes her several hours to dress in the morning as she considers what both her friends and her enemies will think of her. Julie's behavior reflects the power of: a. adolescent perfection. b. the invincibility fable. c. the imaginary audience. d. formal operational thought.

Which of the following statements about hypothetical-deductive thought is true? a. Hypothetical-deductive thought is seen only after thinking has advanced beyond egocentrism. b. Hypothetical-deductive thought allows one to consider propositions that may or may not reflect reality. c. A hallmark of hypothetical-deductive thought is the ability to think of that which is not present. d. A hallmark of hypothetical-deductive thought is the ability to engage in inductive reasoning.

Hypothetical thought: a. may complicate reflection about serious issues. b. necessarily changes perceptions for the better. c. does not facilitate school success. d. causes adolescents to be judgmental.

The thought process that involves using one or more specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion is called: a. inductive reasoning. b. deductive reasoning. c. experiential mentation. d. factual synthesis. 0 out of 1 Incorrect. The correct answer is A. (p. 331)

The "low ebb" of learning occurs in: a. middle school. b. high school. c. the higher-education years. d. modern primary education.

Since the U.S. trend toward more high-stakes testing began: a. other nations have followed. b. other nations have moved away from relying on high-stakes testing. c. girls have earned the highest test scores. d. girls have earned the lowest test scores.

What are some ways of encouraging adolescents to engage in their education? a. Keep high schools small. b. Encourage extracurricular activities. c. Change the schedule and cluster students. d. All of these answers are correct.

The current average age of menarche among well-nourished girls is: a. 11 years, 6 months. b. 12 years, 6 months. c. 13 years. d. 10 years, 8 months.

During adolescence, testosterone in boys rises about _________ times the prepubescent level. a. 5 b. 10 c. 20 d. 30

Researchers believe that hormones and environmental chemicals in the food supply: a. have led to both weight gain and early maturation. b. have no effect on maturation. c. cause weight gain but do not affect maturation. d. have no effect on weight gain.

Living in a stressful environment has been found to: a. delay menarche. b. have an insignificant effect on pubertal hormones. c. lead to an increase in sexual activity. d. result in earlier puberty.

Early-maturing boys: a. are less likely to become depressed. b. are less likely to experience high levels of stress. c. are more likely to be aggressive and abuse alcohol. d. are more likely to have long-term friendships.

Which of the following is a symptom of anorexia nervosa as defined by the American Psychiatric Association? a. A refusal to maintain a body weight that is at least 85 percent of normal for age and height. b. An uncontrollable urge to overeat. c. Binging and purging at least once a week for three months. d. A depressed or irritable mood nearly every day.

During adolescence, the lungs will _________ in weight and the heart will ___________ in size. a. double; triple b. triple; triple c. triple; double d. double; double

Teenage girls are more susceptible to sexually transmitted infections than mature women are because: a. teenage girls are more likely to have sex with an infected male. b. teenage girls are less likely to seek medical care. c. fully developed women have some natural biological defenses against STIs. d. the pubertal hormonal profile promotes the development of STIs.

Which age group has the highest rate of substantiated sexual abuse? a. 4-7 b. 8-11 c. 12-15 d. 16-18

What function does the prefrontal cortex serve? a. It releases essential hormones that initiate puberty.Incorrect. b. It is responsible for planning ahead and emotional regulation. c. It manages fear and emotional impulses. d. It regulates the limbic system.

According to the text, what explains why many teenagers are thrill seekers? a. The prefrontal cortex is not yet mature. b. Their decision-making skills are deficient. c. The midbrain is not fully developed. d. There is no current explanation.

Which characteristic of adolescent thought is demonstrated when a teen fails to recognize that others may neither care about nor share her opinions? a. the imaginary audience b. the personal fable c. the invincibility fable d. adolescent egocentrism

Which of the following best explains why teens engage in behavior that they know puts them at risk? a. the imaginary audience b. the personal fable c. the invincibility fable d. adolescent aggression

The need for teenagers to look and behave a certain way is most related to: a. the imaginary audience. b. abstract thinking. c. the invincibility fable. d. peer group function.

What-if propositions require: a. suppositional thought. b. pie-in-the-sky thought. c. hypothetical thought. d. postformal thought.

The most prominent change in adolescent thought is the ability to: a. perceive reality. b. think of possibility. c. process information. d. increase memory.

Concluding that a four-legged furry animal that wags its tail when it is happy and that likes to fetch sticks is a dog would be an example of: a. deduction reasoning. b. inductive reasoning. c. hypothetical thought. d. analytical thought.

Many middle school students sacrifice ______________ rather than risk social exclusion. a. aggressive tendencies b. drug-using habits c. academic achievement d. participation in sports

High-stakes testing as a requirement for high school graduation potentially results in: a. advancements in cognitive development. b. greater college success. c. higher-quality curriculum. d. more dropouts.

Most recent Internet studies have demonstrated that adolescents' online communication _________ social connectedness and/or well-being. a. has no effect on b. damages c. prevents d. stimulates