question

Allen and Beatrice Gardner taught a chimpanzee to ____.

answer

use sign language

question

Harry and Martha Frank found that on barrier problems dogs did not perform as well as ____.

answer

wolves

question

Substances that damage the nervous system are called ____.

answer

neurotoxins

question

John has difficulty training a raccoon to pick up coins and put them in a bank. It is most likely that ____.

answer

the raccoon was contraprepared to learn this task

question

Learning is of vital importance because so many problems that face society involve ____.

answer

behavior

question

Joseph Wolpe has raised doubts about the idea that people are ____.

answer

prepared to acquire certain phobias

question

Organisms differ in their readiness to learn certain tasks

answer

continuum of preparedness

question

Robert Tryon's work demonstrates the role of heredity in ____.

answer

maze learning

question

The psychologist who mistakenly believed that learned behavior could be inherited was ____.

answer

McDougall

question

____ was one of the first to study imprinting.

answer

Konrad Lorenz

question

Efforts to teach chimps to talk probably failed because ____.

answer

of differences in anatomical structures/physical structure

question

Keller and Marion Breland are known for their article named ____.

answer

"The Misbehavior of Organisms"

question

Garcia and Koelling paired water with radiation. They found that rats avoided ____.

answer

tasty water if they were made sick by radiation and bright/noisy water if they had been shocked

question

Experiments in which young monkeys were reared in isolation from their mothers illustrates the importance of ____ periods for social development.

answer

critical

question

The name most associated with inheritance of acquired characteristics is ____.

answer

?

question

Learning does/doesn't always mean progress.

answer

doesn't

question

The idea that an enriched environment in childhood can produce high intelligence is supported by ____.

answer

critical periods?

question

Then tendency to revert to a fixed (or modal) action pattern is called ____.

answer

instinctive drift

question

The person who suggests that humans may be biologically prepared to learn a language is ____.

answer

Lenneberg

question

Merely imagining an event sometimes convinces people the event took place, a phenomenon called ____.

answer

imagination inflation

question

True/False: Fixed action patterns and other innate behavioral tendencies affect the course of learning.

answer

True

question

An animal that can learn to perform one trick is sure to learn another trick of similar complexity.

answer

False

question

When performance varies with an organism's physiological state, it is said to be ____ dependent.

answer

state

question

Researchers have found organisms differ in their readiness to learn certain tasks. Martin Seligman called this tendency ____.

answer

continuum of preparedness

question

Kendler, et al. found evidence that phobias ____.

answer

?

question

Imagination inflation is probably an example of ____.

answer

?

question

Armadillos curl up into a ball when attacked. It's taught to curl at the sound of a buzzer. This is known as ____.

answer

preparedness

question

As animals become experienced in an avoidance task, ____.

answer

visible signs of fear decrease

question

Gardner and Gardner showed that the failure of chimpanzees to learn to speak may be due more to differences in ____ than in learning ability.

answer

anatomy

question

Dogs are typically bred by breeders based on physical appearance and temperament, not learning ability. Wolves are products of ____, and learning ability likely contributes to their survival.

answer

natural selection

question

Substances that damage neural tissues are called ____.

answer

neurotoxins

question

The Brelands showed that ____ might facilitate learning in one situation and inhibit in another.

answer

heredity/genetic factors

question

Martin Seligman proposed the ____.

answer

continuum of preparedness

question

Stages for optimum learning are referred to as ____.

answer

critical periods

question

The tendency of an animal to revert to a fixed action pattern is a phenomenon called ____.

answer

instinctive drift

question

When animals have an inclination to behave in certain ways, this means they will learn some things with ease while learning other things with difficulty. These tendencies can be characterized as a ____.

answer

continuum of preparedness

question

An animal comes to a learning situation ____, ____, or ____.

answer

genetically prepared to learn, unprepared, contraprepared

question

When an animal is genetically ____ to learn, case learning proceeds quickly.

answer

prepared

question

When an animal is genetically ____ to learn, learning proceeds steadily, but more slowly.

answer

unprepared

question

When an animal is genetically ____ to learn, learning is slow and irregular.

answer

contraprepared

question

Cook and Mineka had monkeys watch viedotapes of monkeys reacting fearfully to either snakes or flowers. The observers acquired a fear of ____ but not to ____.

answer

snakes, flowers

question

True/False: People have an innate disposition to fear certain kinds of stimuli.

answer

True

Learning and Behavior Chapter 13 – Flashcards

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