LE: Chapter 14: Classification of Organisms – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
binomial nomenclature
answer
a system for giving each organism a two-word scientific name that consists of the genus name followed by the species name
question
genus
answer
Group of closely related species, and the first part of the scientific name in binomial nomenclature
question
family
answer
(biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more genera
question
order
answer
(biology) taxonomic group containing one or more families
question
phylum
answer
(biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants
question
kingdom
answer
one of seven biological categories: Monera or Protoctista or Plantae or Fungi or Animalia
question
domain
answer
Most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than a kingdom
question
biological species
answer
a population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but are unable to produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other populations
question
phylogeny
answer
The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
question
convergent evolution
answer
process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
question
analogous character
answer
similar features of organisms that evolve independently
question
cladistics
answer
method of organizing species by evolutionary relationships in which species are grouped according to the order that they diverged from their ancestral line
question
ancestral character
answer
A character that evolved in a common ancestor among two different groups
question
derived character
answer
homologous characteristic that unites organisms as a group
question
cladogram
answer
diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms
question
evolutionary systematic
answer
taxonomists give varying degrees of importance to characters and thus produce a subjective analysis of evolutionary relationships
question
phylogenetic tree
answer
a family tree that shows the evolutionary relationships thought to exist among groups of organisms
question
taxonomy
answer
the science of naming and classifying organisms
