lauer__ch 01__understanding social problems – Flashcards
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What famous sociologist referred to personal problems as the "personal troubles of milieu"?
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C. Wright Mills
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A sociological theory that focuses on social systems and how their interdependent parts maintain order is called _______.
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structural functionalism
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A sociological theory that focuses on the interaction between individuals, the individual's perception of situations, and the ways in which social life is constructed through interaction is called _______.
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symbolic interactionism
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Things that are preferred because they are defined as having worth are called _______.
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value
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Which of the following authors had a desire to "live deep," to maximize the quality of life?
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Henry David Thoreau
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Social problems are manifested at multiple levels of social life. One of the following is not one of those levels.
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cultural level
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The idea of the globalization of the economy would be measured at what level of social life?
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global level
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The _______ is the argument that things could not have worked out any other way than the way they did.
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fallacy of retrospective determinism
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The fallacy of authority means _______.
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an illegitimate appeal to authority
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Your position in the social system based on economic resources, power, education, prestige, and life style is called your _______.
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socioeconomic status
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A problem whose causes and solutions lie outside the individual and the immediate environment is called a social problem.
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true
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A sociological theory that focuses on social systems and how their interdependent parts maintain order is called structural functionalism.
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true
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A theory that focuses on contradictory interests, inequalities between social groups, and the resulting conflict and change is called structural functionalism.
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false -- this is called:___CONFLICT THEORY
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A stratification system is the arrangement of society into groups that are unequal with regard to such resources as wealth, power, and prestige.
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true
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The great American author, Ralph Waldo Emerson had a desire to "live deep," to maximize the quality of life.
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false -- the author is:___HENRY DAVID THOREAU
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A tactic among debaters is to attack the opponent personally when they can't support their position by reason, logic, or facts. This is called the fallacy of personal attack.
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true
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When a person uses conclusions to support the assumptions that where necessary to make the conclusions it is an example of the fallacy of appeal to prejudice.
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true
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The variable in an experiment that is manipulated to see how it effects changes in the other variable is called dependent variable.
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false -- it is called:___the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
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Social problems can be manifested at multiple levels of social life. They can be manifested at the individual level, the group level and the cultural level.
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true
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There are three major theoretical perspectives in sociology. They are structural functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interactionism.
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true
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A problem that can be explained in terms of the qualities of the individual is called a(n) _______.
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personal problem
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A problem that has causes and solutions which lie outside the individual and the immediate environment is called a(n) _______.
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social problem
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What famous sociologist referred to social problems as the "public issues of social structure?
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C. Wright Mills
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If a problem is defined as personal, _______ are employed to cope with the problem
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individual strategies
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There are three major theoretical perspectives in sociology. One if the following is not one of those theories.
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cultural theory
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A theory that focuses on contradictory interests, inequalities between social groups, and the resulting conflict and change is called _______.
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conflict theory
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A sociological theory that focuses on the interaction between individuals, the individual's perception of situations, and the ways in which social life is constructed through interaction is called _______.
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symbolic interactionism
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The behavior associated with a particular position in the social structure is called a(n)______.
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norm
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that are preferred because they are defined as having worth are called _______.
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values
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The arrangement of society into groups that is unequal with regard to such resources as wealth, power, and prestige is called _______.
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stratification system
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predisposition or attitude about something in one's environment is called _______.
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an attitude
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A set of ideas that explains or justifies some aspect of social reality is called ______.
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an ideology
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The process of carefully attending to spoken or written information in order to evaluate its validity is called _______.
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critical thinking
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The tendency to over generalize that is to use one, two, or three cases to support an entire Argument, is called _______.
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the fallacy of dramatic instance
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The _______ is the argument that things could not have worked out any other way than the way they did.
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fallacy of retrospective determinism
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A tactic among debaters is to attack the opponent personally when they can't support their position by reason, logic, or facts. This is called _______.
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fallacy of personal attack
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When a person uses conclusions to support the assumptions that were necessary to make the conclusions it is an example of _______.
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the fallacy of circular reasoning
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fallacy of authority means _______.
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an illegitimate appeal to authority
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The assertion that what is true of the part is necessarily true of the whole is called _______.
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the fallacy of composition
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term non sequitur means _______.
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it does not follow
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A method of research in which a sample of people are interviewed or given questionnaires in order to get data on some phenomenon is called _______.
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a survey
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Your position in the social system based on economic resources, power, education, prestige, and life style is called your ______.
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socioeconomic status
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A _______ is any trait or characteristic that can vary in value or magnitude.
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variable
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The most common research method used in sociology is/are _______.
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survey research
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A statistical method for determining the probability that research findings occurred by change is called ___________.
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test of significance
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A test for the mean is simply trying to measure __________.
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the average of the distribution
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The organization of data to show the number of times each item occurs in a distribution is called _____________.
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the frequency distribution
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The ________, is the score in a distribution which has half of the scores above it and half of the scores below it.
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the median
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The variable in an experiment that is manipulated to see how it effects changes in the other variable is called ____________.
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the INDEPENDENT variable
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The variable in an experiment that is influenced by an independent variable is called _________.
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the dependent variable
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There are three major theoretical perspectives in sociology. They are STRUCTURAL functionalism, CONFLICT theory and _____________.
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SYMBOLIC interactionism
