Kin 1304 – Flashcard
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In which of the following groups of individuals is cancer the leading cause of death?
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Women aged 35-74
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How often should one apply sunscreen to prevent the development of skin cancer?
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Every 60 minutes
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What are the most common forms of cancer in men?
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a. Lung b. Prostate c. Colon
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As of 2005, about 66% of all cancer deaths could be attributed to use of tobacco products.
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False
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The cause of cancer is not known and most forms of cancer cannot be prevented or cured with early detection
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False
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As of 2001, the estimated number of cancer surviors was...
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10,000,000
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What is one of the most important tests for the detection of breast cancer?
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monthly self-examination
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The average age for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is 73.
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True
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Which of the following are risk factors for the development of lung cancer?
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Cigarette Smoking Radiation exposure
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Prostate cancer is most common in men younger than the age of 50.
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False
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, includes which of the following?
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Four types of nucleotide bases
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The two chains that DNA consists of are joined in a(n) ___________________ structure.
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Double helix
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Which of the following statements about chromosomes is FALSE?
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Different cell types contain different numbers of chromosomes.
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The practice of controlling a group's reproductive choices, in an attempt to improve the human species, is called:
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Eugenics
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If a disease has a genetic link, it usually occurs more frequently among first-degree relatives of a person with the illness than it does in the general population.
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True
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Interactions among one or more genes and the environment cause ____________________ or traits.
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Multifactorial disorders
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Many chromosomal disorders lead to a fetus being unable to survive the prenatal period.
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True
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If an individual is healthy, a(n) ___________________ test can be used to assess the individual's risk for developing a particular genetic disease in the future.
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Predictive
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A positive result for a predictive test ensures the eventual development of the genetic disorder in the individual.
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False
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Twenty-two of our 23 chromosome pairs are the same for men and women and do not determine gender. These chromosomes are called ____________________.
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Autosomal chromosomes
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The stress response itself can become damaging when people live in a state of _______ stress.
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Chronic
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___________________ is a style of coping with stress that features a positive outlook, a sense of commitment, and a sense of control.
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Hardiness
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IQ is the best predictor of success in life.
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False
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The psychological, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual aspects of our lives are known as our __________ health.
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Mental
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The outlook that tends to view problems as temporary and specific is called ________.
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Optimism
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Kristi's friends all describe her as cool and less easily frustrated. Kristi most likely has which type of personality type?
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Type B
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Which of the following personality types describes people who are competitive, impulsive, need to get things done quickly, and live their lives on a time schedule?
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Type A
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People with this quality tend to see problems as temporary and specific.
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Optimism
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Goleman's term for a person who has social competence, self-control, empathy, and motivation is ______________ intelligence.
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Emotional
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The ___________________, or stress response, prepares us with a burst of energy to deal with threats or danger.
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Fight-or-flight response
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When you calculate your daily energy requirements, which of the following factors is not included in the calculation?
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Adaptive thermogenesis
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According to the most recent statistics, which of the following is correct?
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Two-thirds of American adults are overweight
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Which of the following individuals falls outside of the healthy, ideal range of body fat percentages?
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A female athlete with 8% body fat
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A sudden, unintentional loss of weight can indicate several different health problems, including:
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All of the above
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Epidemiological data indicates that obesity is associated with all of the following, except:
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Breast cancer
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Which of the following statements about weight gain is NOT correct?
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Weight gain is escpecially pronounced after age 60
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Obesity is a multifactorial problem, that can rarely be attributed to a single cause or factor. Which of the following factors would NOT increase a person's risk for becoming obese?
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Having two healthy weight parents
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Which of the following statements about BMI is NOT correct?
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A BMI range from 18.5 to 30 is ideal and associated with a low risk of death
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Which of the following statements about weight loss is INCORRECT?
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In order to lose 2 pounds per week, you must achieve a daily calorie deficit of 500 calories per day.
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Which of the following questions is NOT used to determine if you are currently at a health body weight?
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Do you have a attractive, fit appearance or figure?
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The CDC recently reported that what 35% of Americans will develop Hypertension in the lifetime
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False
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Which of the following statements are correct concerning the blood cholestrol profile of a healthy individual?
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a. LDL should not exceed 100 b. total cholesterol should not exceed 200 d. HDL should exceed 60
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Which of the following statements is true concerning risk factors?
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They statistically identify a group that has a greater than normal risk for disease
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According to the lecture, which of the following are considered an appropriate treatment for an individual who has high cholesterol?
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c. consume a diet low in fats and cholesterol d. exercise regularly e. lose excess fat weight
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Children cannot develop type II diabetes mellitus because it is "adult onset"
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False
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The metabolic syndrome is closely linked to insulin resistance.
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True
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According to the lecture, which of the following are the appropriate treatments for an individual with hypertension?
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a. maintain a healthy body weight b. regular exercise c. reduce dietary salt intake
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The key finding of the Framingham Heart Study was that...
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the identified risk factors predicted stroke
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According to the lecture, hypertension is present when both systolic (>120 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (>80 mmHg) are elevated.
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False
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The most appropriate laboratory method to determine cholesterol profile is accomplished using which type of sample?
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blood
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Characterized by disagreeable sensations in the limbs, usually the legs
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Restless leg syndrome
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Light alerts the biological clock to cease secreting which hormone that promotes sleep?
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Melatonin
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Rare condition in which the brain fails to regulate the diaphragm and other breathing mechanisms correctly
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Central sleep apnea
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The daily 24-hour cycle of physiological and behavioral functioning is called the __________________ rhythm.
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Circadian
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Sleep _____________ is a condition characterized by nonbreathing periods during sleep.
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Apnea
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Sleep disorders associated with difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep or excessive sleepiness are labeled ________________.
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Dyssomnias
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Sleep ____________ is the difference between the amount of sleep attained and the amount of sleep needed in order to maintain alert wakefulness during the daytime.
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Debt
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Stage _____ of NREM sleep represents the beginning of actual sleep.
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Two
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_________________ is a condition characterized by difficulty falling or staying asleep or by seriously disturbed sleep.
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Insomnia
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Lack of sleep that disturbs the restorative process of sleep
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Sleep deprivation
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Which of the following is NOT a health-related behavior choice?
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Having access to a company gym
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Lauren has a caffeine dependency. She has recently noticed that it is detrimentally affecting her sleep and overall quality of life. After researching the most effective way to break the addiction, she has decided to go cold turkey and stop consuming all caffeine production. It has been 3 days since her last cup of coffee, and she is already noticing positive changes in her sleep quality. According to the Stages of Change Model, which stage is Lauren currently in?
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Action
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The ecological model identifies the various levels of factors that influence personal health. These levels include individual factors, relationships, community, and societal factors.
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True
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Why is the Stages of Change Model often presented as a spiral?
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Because relapse is common and you may go through each stage more than once
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Which of the following would be considered the most reliable source of health information?
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a medical doctor giving you a health recommendation based on a new study published by the New England Journal of Medicine
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Which of the following factors would NOT fall into to the community level of the ecological model?
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a person's skill set
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According to the ecological model, several levels of influence affect your personal health. Which of the following factors would be on an individiul or personal level?
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Age
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the WHO definition of health?
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Environmental
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Which of the following statements about public health is incorrect?
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Public Health is the study of the health of an individual
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Jeffrey quit smoking one year ago. He has not relapse at all and feels confident in his behaviors change, although it is still a struggle to be around friends and family who are smoking. According to the Stages of Change Model, which stage is Jeffrey currently in?
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Maintenance
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Regular physical activity benefits nearly every physiological system. Which of the following is not one of the physiological benefits of regular physical activity?
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Increased muscle resistance to insulin
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Which of the following would NOT satisfy the Department of Health and Human Services recommendation for weekly physical activity?
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a 1-hour, vigorous spin class
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Sarah has been running the 3 mile loop at Memorial Park 3-4 times per week for almost a year. It takes her about 30-min each time. When she first started this program, she noticed big increases in her cardiorespiratory fitness. Lately, it seems like her fitness level has plateaued. Which general training principle is Sarah not applying to her training program?
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Progressive Overload
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Muscular strength can be measured by the number of pushups you can complete.
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False
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Sam has 17% body fat. According to the lecture, this does not fall into the healthy range of body fat for males.
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False
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Which of the following components of the acronym FITT is incorrect?
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Intervals
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Nina has been taking a lot of group fitness classes lately. She enjoys Zumba, BodyPump, Kickboxing, and Spinning the most. By taking lots of different types of classes, Nina doesn't bored and maintains her motiviation. She also is constantly challenging her body in new ways. Which general training principle is Nina applying effectively here?
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All of these
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Muscular Endurance can be measured by the number of situps you can complete.
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True
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The maximun amount of weight you can bench press one time (1 rep max) would be a measure of muscular strength.
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True
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Which of the following would NOT be considered a component of Health-related Fitness?
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All of these are components of Health-related Fitness
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Which of the following statements about protein is NOT correct?
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Protein is made up of 20 essential amino acids
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The most important consideration for intake of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids is the ratio in which they are consumed. In general, Americans consume too much Omega 6, and not enough Omega 3.
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True
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One way to determine if bread is really whole-wheat or whole-grain is to look at nutrition facts to determine the amount of fiber per slice. Two slices of whole grain bread will contain at least 4 grams of fiber.
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True
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Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is NOT correct?
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Carbohydrates contain 9 calorie per gram
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Which of the following statements about fiber is NOT correct?
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Total fiber intake refers to the total amount of soluble and insoluble fiber included in the diet
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Which of the following statements about fats is correct?
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Fats can be either saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated
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If a nutrient is essential, it means that the body cannot manufacture it. Thus, it must be included in the diet to ensure that the body gets everything it needs to function properly.
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True
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The AMDR for dietary fat is 20-35%. What do these numbers mean?
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If you consume 2,000 calories per day, 400-700 calories should come from fat sources
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Carbohydrates should make up 45-65% of your total caloric intake each day. You should focus on consuming complex carbohydrates, which include more vitamins, minerals, and fiber than simpe or refined carbohydrates. Some examples of complex carbohydrates include brown rice, fruits and vegetables, and whole grain breads and pastas.
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True
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Which of the following statements about vitamins and minerals is correct?
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There are 20 essential minerals that must be included in the diet
