Juvenile Delinquency: Chapters 13-18 – Flashcards
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The process and experience of the transition of juveniles from juvenile and adult correctional settings back into schools, families, communities, and society at large is referred to as _____.
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re-entry
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_____ (case?) determined that the Fourth Amendment applies to school searches.
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New Jersey v. T.L.O
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In _____ (year?) England passed legislation, known as the Children Act, which mandated young offenders to be treated differently from adult offenders.
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1908
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_____ (which state?) makes the greatest use of custodial treatment, incarcerating 672 delinquents in juvenile facilities per 100,000 juveniles in the population.
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South Dakota
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On average, less than _____ percent of juvenile cases are waived to adult court by the juvenile court each year.
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0.5
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The amount of proof required in a juvenile delinquency adjudication is beyond a reasonable doubt was the holding of the court in _____ (which case?).
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In re Winship
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For juvenile offenders in the Netherlands, a life sentence may mean serving as much as _____ years.
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20
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In _____ (which case?), the court held that all juveniles confined in training schools in Texas have the right to treatment, including development of educational skills, delivery of vocational education, medical and psychiatric treatment, and adequate living conditions.
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Morales v. Turman
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The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children was established in _____ (what year?).
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1874
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Institutions in which educational and psychological services are used in an effort to improve the conduct of juveniles who are forcibly detained are called _____.
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reform schools
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In Europe, the main reason for an increase in teen violence is believed to be the tremendous growth in _____.
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Immigrating youth populations
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The most commonly used formal sentence for juvenile offenders is referred to as _____.
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probation
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The Japanese term hikikomori means _____.
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those who isolate themselves
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A law enforcement philosophy that focuses on addressing the problems underlying incidents of juvenile delinquency rather than the incidents themselves is called __________.
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Problem-oriented policing
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The Standard Minimum Rules in the Administration of Juvenile Justice, which set out principles for countries to follow in the administration of juvenile justice are also known as the _____. (hint: named after a city)
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Beijing rules
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Today, all 50 states, as well as the District of Columbia, have _____ restitution programs.
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statutory
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Judges follow the probation department recommendations _____ percent of the time.
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90
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A child saving organization that took children from the streets of large cities and placed them with farm families on the prairie refers to the ________.
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Children's Aid Society
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Underage drinking has been declared a "national crisis" in which country?
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England
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Trains in which urban youths were sent West for adoption with local farm couples were called ______.
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Orphan Trains
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According to the Juvenile Residential Facility Census, _____ percent of the reporting juvenile facilities are overcrowded.
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31
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The _____ prepares the predisposition report for the court.
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Juvenile probation officer
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What do judges generally do with repeat juvenile offenders who are deemed untreatable by juvenile authorities?
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The child is transferred to adult court
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In the countries of Austria, France, Italy, and _____, transfer of a juvenile to adult court is not permissible. (hint: neutral)
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Switzerland
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_____ refers to the trial stage of the juvenile court process.
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Adjudication
