Journalism 101 Exam 2 Questions – Flashcards
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The first newspaper produced in North America was Publick Occurences, both Foreign and Domestick (T/F)
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True
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By the penny press era, the average newspaper cost eighteen cents per copy (T/F)
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False
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Joseph Pulitzer's New York World would stage events for the sole purpose of making news to cover (T/F)
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True
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Yellow journalism in the 1890's was the origin of investigative journalism in the 20th century (T/F)
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True
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The term yellow journalism originated from a New York newspaper in the late nineteenth century that was printed on yellow-toned paper stock (T/F)
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False
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Journalism is a scientific and objective method of communication (T/F)
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False
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The inverted-pyramid news story form is most commonly used with objective news stories (T/F)
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True
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History suggests that objective reporting grew out of an opportunity to mass-market news that would not offend particular groups (T/F)
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True
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Literary journalism uses the devices of fiction to construct a portrait of the real world using nonfictional experiences (T/F)
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True
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Online news has contributed to the creation of the 24/7 news cycle (T/F)
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True
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According to researchers, most small nondaily papers in the US are consensus oriented rather than conflict oriented? (T/F)
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True
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The phrase underground press refers to newspapers that operate out of major urban sewer systems (T/F)
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False
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Around 2005, large newspaper chains responded to the decline in newspaper circulation by buying up more newspapers and increasing newsroom staff (T/F)
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False
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Larger newspaper operations overall seem to be more financially stable than small-town newspapers (T/F)
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False
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Online newspaper stories have to be briefer and more streamlined than the print version (T/F)
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False
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Of all our mass media institutions, newspapers have played the longest and strongest role in sustaining American democracy (T/F)
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True
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Broadsides differed from newspapers in that their content was meant to remain relevant for a longer period of time (T/F)
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True
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Embarrassing a public official was often the reason early newspaper owners were forced to shut down or were even jailed (T/F)
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True
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Penny Press newspapers...
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-First to have crime reporters -Shifted economic base away from political sphere - Would print any ad - considered consumer news -Promoted literacy, empowered public about government affairs. -Started wire services to relay news around the country and the world.
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Which of the following eras of journalism best represents the historical arrival of newspapers as a mass medium?
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Penny Press Era
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Yellow Journalism is?
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A type of journalism that emphasized exciting human interest stories, crime news, large headlines, and more readable copy. May often make up things for headlines.
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What were the 2 significant features of yellow journalism?
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Sensationalism (overly dramatic stories) and Investigative
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The 2 publishers most associated with yellow journalism in the late 1800's were?
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Joseph Pulitzer (The New York World) and William Hearst (The New York Journal)
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Modern journalism started to develop in the 19th century mainly because newspapers?
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Wanted to attract as many readers and advertisers as possible
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The correct historical order among the following major eras in journalism history...
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1. Colonial/Partisan Press 2. Penny Press Era 3. Yellow Journalism Era 4. Modern Journalism
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Name the publication most closely associated with the rise of modern journalism?
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The New York Times
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Objective journalism as championed by Adolph Ochs and the New York Times was particularly good at?
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Downplaying sensational stories and favoring the documentation of major events/issues
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What spawned the rise of interpretive journalism in the 1930's and 1940's?
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It was used as a way to address the "new deal" years, the rise of modern scientific technology, the increasing interdependence of economic groups at home, and the shrinking of the world into one vast arena for power politics
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Besides providing community calendars and meeting notices, BLANK newspapers mostly carry articles on local schools, social events, town government, property crimes, and zoning issues?
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Local
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Which of the following are specific groups of readers targeted by specialized newspapers?
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African American--Freedom's Journal (1827-1829); gave voice to anti-slavery societies Spanish-language--Ignored until 1960s, now vital to marketing and publicity campaigns, growing fast Asian American--The World Journal: serves Chinese immigrants nationwide Native American--Begun with Cherokee Phoenix (1828)- help educate tribes about own heritage
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The newshole...
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is the placed leftover in a newspaper after all ads are placed and accounts for 35-50% of daily newspaper content
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Which of the following developments accounts for declining newspaper readership?
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Social Media; Movement to online journalism w/paywalls
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Advertising revenue, the lifeblood of newspaper operations...
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Has fallen dramatically in the last few years with internet ad sales unable to fill the gap
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Paywalls...
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Charge fees for online access to news content; operate as nonprofits; may lose readership, but readers may be more engaged; may get internet companies involved; getting universities
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Which of the following is a way that online journalism is redefining news?
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1.Unlimited space for articles 2. Not paying for paper/distribution 3. Links to related articles 4. Multimedia capabilities (Interactive news)
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Which is true about the relationship between blogging and traditional newspaper news?
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Bloggers -Mostly amateurs -Rely on anonymous sources -Post news items immediately -Can keep a story alive longer than any newspaper -Do not have to worry about paying staff or earning advertising revenue. Newspapers -Advertising-based, commercial system depends on retaining circulation -Sell trust, economic structure invested in integrity and accuracy -When journalists delay story publication, it is to avoid error. -Journalists tend to shun anonymous sources, and they usually require more than one source to verify a story
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Worried about the shaky financial underpinnings of print journalism, some have suggested new business models, including...
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1. having former print reporters start online newspapers 2. having wealthy universities buy and support newspapers 3. having wealthy Internet companies expand into the news business 4. having newspapers operate as nonprofits that run on tax-deductible contributions
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Critiques against objective news stories
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-Impossible to achieve (Journalism is NOT a science but a literary practice) -Always bias - even if reporter is unaware -Doesn't offer much diversity in the presentation of news -Isn't always the best way to engage with readers
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What did our discussion leaders suggest to reinvent newspapers?
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Interactive news forms and social media news?
