joswalt – Microbiology – Flashcards
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| Leptospirosis is often contracted |
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| C. from contaminated animal urine |
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| Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis are at risk for |
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| D. having a premature baby |
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| The genital tract infection characterized by an unpleasent odor and an increase in clue cells |
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| D. bacteria vaginosis |
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| Among the major causes of vulvovaginal candidiasis is/are |
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| E. intense antibacterial treatment, disruption of normal flora AND the use of oral contraceptives |
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| Staphlococcus aureus is the causative agent of |
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| C. toxic shock syndrome |
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| Toxic shock syndrome |
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| B. is due to exotoxins produced by S. aureus |
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| The incubation period of gonorrhea is approximately |
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| A. 2-5 days |
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| Gonococci are parasites of |
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| D. humans |
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| Gonococci selectively attached to certian epithelial cells by |
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| A. pili |
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| Untreated gonorreha in males may lead to |
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sterility, urinary tract infections, prostactics abscesses, orchitis E. all of the choices are correct |
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| A frequent complication of untreated gonorrhea in a women is |
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| A. pelvic inflammatory disease |
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| The treatment of neonates with drops of erythromycin directly into the eyes is to prevent |
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| D. ophthlmia neonatroum |
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| Which of the following mimics the infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhea? |
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| A. C.trachomatis |
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| The disease that results from Chlamydia trachomatis attaching to sperm and then possibly ascending into the fllopian tubes is |
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| C. pelvic inflammatory disease |
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| The infection form of Chlamydia trachomatis is a(n) |
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| B. elementary body |
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| The causative agent of syphilis is |
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| D. Treponemapallidum |
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| Treponemapallidum is similar in shape to |
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| C. Leptospirainterrorgans |
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| Which of the following manifest itself in three clinical stages? |
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| B. syphilis |
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| The presence of a hard chancre in primary syphilis is representive of the body's |
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| A. intense inflammtory response |
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| During which stages of syphilis is the patient non-infectious |
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| C. third |
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| Which of the diseases is a gumma formed? |
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| C. tertiary syphilis |
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| It has been estimated that 99% of the intestinal bacteria are |
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| D. obligate anaerobes |
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| The methanogens |
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| E. are part of the Archaea AND oxidize hydrogen gas to produce methane |
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| Methanogens often grow in association with |
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| D. chemoorganotrophs |
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| Comparatively greater energy is released when |
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| C.nitrate is the final electron acceptor |
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| Hydrogen sulfide |
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| E. All of the choices are correct |
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| Endospores |
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| E. are a dormant form of a bacterium AND are formed by members of medically relevent groups of bacteria |
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| Lactic acid bacteria such as Streptococci |
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| B. are obligate fermenters |
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| Streptococcus pyogenes |
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| C. is a beta hemolytic |
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| The lactobacilli, in their role as normal flora of the vagina, help the vagina resist infection by contributing to |
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| B. acidity of the vagina |
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| Which of the following colonize the vagina during childbearing years? |
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| C. Lactobacilli |
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| Which of the following contains bacteriochlorophyll? |
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| E. Chromatium, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon |
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| Propionibacterium |
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| E. produces propionic acid AND is responsible for the wholes is swiss cheese |
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| A pacticular characteristic of disease-causing Streptococcus is; |
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| B. beta-hemolysis |
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| Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium all |
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| E. oxidize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors |
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| Which of the following are reffered to as mononuclear phagocytes? |
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| D. monocytes and macrophages |
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| The life span of tissue macrophages appears to be in the order of |
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| D. weeks to months |
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| The leukocyte described as having a small amount of cytoplasm surrounding a round nucleus is the |
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| A. lymphocyte |
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| The leukocyte responsible for adaptive immunity is the |
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| A. lymphocyte |
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| The "voices" of a cell are |
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| C. cytokines |
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| Skin and mucous membranes |
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| E. are the first line of innate immunity, act as physical barriers to infection AND contain antimicrobial secretions |
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| Interferons, complement, lysozyme, and lactoferrin are all examples of |
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| A. specific antimicrobial factors; |
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| Normal flora |
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| E. are the organisms that typically reside on your body AND protect against infection by pathogens |
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| Complement |
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| E. may be activated through three pathways, disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells AND is a group of blood protien |
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| The complement pathway that requires antibodies to be activated is the |
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| B. classical pathway |
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| A group of interacting serum proteins that provide a nonspecific defense mechanism is |
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| A. complement |
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| The complement pathway that is activated by manna binding lectins is the |
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| D. lectins pathways |
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| The complment pathway that is activated by binding of C3bto cell surfaces is the |
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| B. alternate pathway |
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| The key molecule upon which all complement pathways converge is |
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| C. c3 |
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| C3a and C5a are involved in |
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| E. inflamation AND enhancement of phagocytosis |
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| C3b is involved in |
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| A. opsonization |
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| The compelx resulting from complement activity that leads to cell lysis;is the |
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| C. membrane attack complex |
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| The immunoglobulin that is important in hypersensitivity reactions is |
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| D. IgE |
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| T cells and B cells are manufactured in the |
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| A. bone marrow |
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| T cells mature in the |
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| B. thymus |
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| The cells that actually screte antibodies are |
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| A. plasma cells |
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| CD4 cells are often |
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| A. T-helper cells |
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| CD8 cells are often |
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| C. T cytotoxic cells |
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