Test Questions on Japan – Japanese – Flashcards
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The Japanese believed their clan chiefs were descended from nature spirits called___________
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kami
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Japanese writing based on the________________ writing system
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chinese
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Because Japan is located very close to both_________________ and china, both cultures have influenced the japanese.
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korea
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one early culture that developed in Japan was that of the____________
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ainu
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According to the teachings of________________, everything i nature has kami
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shintoism
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The_______________ clan believed they were descended from the goddess of the sun. By the 500s they controlled much of Honshu
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yamato
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For many years, __________________ was the official language of japan's government
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chinese
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__________________ admired Chinese culture and sent scholars to learn all they could about Chinese society
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prince shotoku
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japan's location near the__________________ shaped the diet of chinese people
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sea
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Korean visitors in introduced the religion of_________________ to Japan.
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Buddhism
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Is Japan a massive piece of land or a series of islands?
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series of islands
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Japan is made up of a series of islands. How were these islands made?
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made from under sea volcanic mountains
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Most of japan is covered in__________________
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mountains
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Only_______% of Japan is flat, so farming is quite difficult. Most people live by the___________
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20, sea
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______________ evolved into a major food source
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seafood
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Common food in china are...
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eel, shark, octopus, seaweed
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Why did the japanese develop a unique culture?
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separated from mainland asia
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The_________ settled in Japan, possibly from siberia, with a different language
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ainu
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The Ainu settled mostly on the island of____________ where many people do or don't still live today?
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hokkaido, do
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The Ainu tried to expand through a series of battles, but did they succeed or not? Did their influence grow after this?
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not, it faded
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What were the two cultures early japanese society had?
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ainu and japanese
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The Japanese were_____________ (north, south, east, west) of the Ainu
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south
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Many_________ believe in Animism
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ainu
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The Ainu have excelled in many sports such as____________ and___________
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baseball, soccer
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Clusted in small villages, the Japanese were ruler by_______________, or extended families
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clans
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Each clan had a chief who was descended from natural spirits called____________, or ancestors
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kami
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Rituals celebrating ancestors, or kami, developed into the religion__________
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shinto
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________________ believed that everything in nature had kami, which also protected people
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shintoists
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The shintoists built_________ to kami to ask for blessings
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shrines
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__________ and __________ influenced Japan
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china korea
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By the mid-500s Japanese leaders were curious to learn about_______________________they saw
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other local cultures
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Representatives from Japan were sent to__________ and __________ to study their ways in working and thinking
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china korea
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Japan had no written language, so they adopted________________ which were used for 200 yrs
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chinese symbols
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_______________ of Japan promoted the teachings of Confucius to govern how people should act
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prince shotoku
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Shotoku also helped spread_________ in Japan by building temples and writing commentaries
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Buddhism
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Hiean was a great center of Japanese art and literature but how was life different in other parts of japan?
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nobles fought over land. peasant life was hard and no one cared, there land was destroyed
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What was a Samurai?
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trained professional warriors
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With such turmoil, large landowners or_________, decided to protect their own land and hired__________.
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daimyos, samurai
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what does the word samurai literally translate to?
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servent
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Describe what Samurai wore.
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light armor
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What types of families did they come from often?
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families of nobles
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What did samurai fight with?
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swords and bows
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How were samurai paid?
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land or food from peasants
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who paid the samurai?
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daimyo
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Several clans tried to take power in the chaos. The________________ clan eventually won after 30 yrs of fighting but decided to keep the Emperor in place.
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Minamoto
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Did the emperor have any actual power?
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strictly a figure head
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What was the title of the actual leader? Were they connected to the military?
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shogun were military rulers
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How long did the shogun rule for?
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700yrs
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With military leaders (shoguns) in charge, what happened to the role of the samurai?
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greatly respected, in charge, powerful
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Samurai lived by "the way of the warrior" or_______________.
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Bushido
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Through bushido, samurai must: Must lead_______________ lives
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simple and disciplined
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Through bushido, samurai must: be brave and honorable____________
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fighters
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Through bushido, samurai must: be loyal to the lord (this was crucial); obey_________
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orders
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Through bushido, samurai must: know that__________was the most important ting in life
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honor
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The values of___________ and ____________ are still central to life in Japan today
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loyalty honor
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Kublai Khan and mongols from China attacked in 1274, causing___________________ to unite for a time
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warring nobles
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_________________ended the invasions by the Mongols and Kublai Khan and saved Japan
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vicious storms
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After the war, who became unhappy after the war, believing they did not get enough credit for their efforts?
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nobles
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Daimyo fought to break free of the__________ control.
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shogun
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The_____________ fought the shogun for a greater say as well.
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emperor
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Small wars broke out and the_____________ruled much of Japan
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daimyo
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Eventually Japan was reunited under__________________, who gave his soirees guns, the first used in Japan
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Oda Nobunaga
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This religion was popular among samurai because it stressed self-discipline
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zen buddhism
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these warriors from china led two failed invasions of japan
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mongols
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The leader of this clan became the most powerful person in Japan, but did not get rid of the emperor
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minamoto
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This was the most important value in the life of a samurai
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honor
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These landowners hired warriors to protect their lands
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daimyo
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This was the strict code of rules all samurai were expected to follow
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bushido
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Farmers often paid samurai warriors with this
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food
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The most powerful figure in Japanese society and government held this title
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emperor
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Japanese believed the gods sent this storm to save Japan from invasion
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kamikaze
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These traders brought the first guns to Japan
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Portuguese
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______________ became the capital of Japan when the Emperor moved there in 794
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hiean
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Why did so many nobles move to hiean as well as the emperor?
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they wanted to win favor with the emperor and foiled hiean creating a count
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Describe life at Hiean for members of the court.
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they enjoyed lives of wealth and privilege, rarely leaving the city
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Why were artistic expressions and culture so highly valued and supported?
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Elegance and beauty difficult qualities to achieve were valued above all, so culture was supported
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_______________ was crucial in the "court", fashion was key
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appearance
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What did people in the "court" wear?
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garments made from expensive silk with elaborate patterns. gold and jewelry was worn and delicate fans were used
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Writing was popular with nobles, journals, were kept and writing was literally an art form other wise known as....
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calligraphy
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What was "the Tale of Genji" and who wrote it?
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the first novel written by lady murasaki shikibu
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Who wrote more and had many of the best works of literature, women or men in Japan?
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women
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______________ was also valued leading to haiku
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poetry
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What was often the subject in paintings?
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tale of genii. nature. court life. doors and furniture
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Describe calligraphy and its purpose.
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decorative writing intended to make poems look as beautiful as they sound
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Architecture mimicked China's, as wooden frames curved slightly at the ends. How did gardens and ponds become so important?
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the simple structures were often beautiful with gardens and ponds
