Jacks Latin Final A – Flashcards
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scrīpsī
answer
I wrote (I have written)
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scrīpsistī
answer
you (singular) wrote (you have written)
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scrīpsit
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he/she/it wrote (has written)
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scrīpsimus
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we wrote (we have written)
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scrīpsistis
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you (plural) wrote (you have written)
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scrīpsērunt
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they wrote (they have written)
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feci
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i made
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fecisti
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you made
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fecit
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he made
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fecimus
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we made
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fecistis
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you made
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fecerunt
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they made
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audivi
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i heard
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audivisti
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you heard
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audivit
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he heard
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audivimus
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we heard
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audivistis
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you heard
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audiverunt
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they heard
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spectavi
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to look at
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spectavisti
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it belonged
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specavit
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it belonged
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spectavimus
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watched
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spectavistis
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it belonged
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spectaverunt
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looked
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vidi
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to see
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vidisti
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you have seen
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vidit
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he, she, it has seen
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vidimus
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we have seen
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vidistis
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you have seen
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viderunt
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they have seen
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feci
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I did/made
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fecisti
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you did/made
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fecit
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s/he, it did/made
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fecimus
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we did/made
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fecistis
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you all did/made
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fecerunt
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they did/made
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videbo
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I shall see
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videbis
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you will see
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videbit
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he (she, it) will see
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videbimus
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we shall see
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videbitis
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you will see
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videbunt
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they will see
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spectabo
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look (1st s. fut. ind. act.)
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spectabis
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watch (2nd s. fut. ind. act)
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spectabit
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(3rd s. impf. ind. act.), he, she, it will look at
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spectabimus
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view (2nd p. impf. ind. act.)
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spectabitis
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they watched, you (pl) will look at
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spectabunt
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they will watch (2nd s. impf. ind. act.)
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scribebam
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i was writing
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scribebas
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you were writing
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scribebat
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he, she, it was writing
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scribebamus
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we were writing
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scribebatis
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"you were writing"
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scribebant
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they were writing"
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videbam
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I saw
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videbas
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you were seeing
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videbat
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he, she, it was seeing
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videbamus
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we were seeing
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videbatis
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you were seeing
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videbant
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they were seeing
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faciēbam
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I was making (used to make, began to make)
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faciēbās
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you (singular) were making (used to make, began to make)
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faciēbat
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he/she/it was making (used to make, began to make)
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faciēbāmus
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we were making (used to make, began to make)
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faciēbātis
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you (plural) were making (used to make, began to make)
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faciēbant
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they were making, (used to make began to make)
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audiēbam
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I was hearing (used to hear, began to hear)
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audiēbās
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you (singular) were hearing (used to hear, began to hear)
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audiēbat
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he/she/it was hearing (used to hear, began to hear)
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audiēbāmus
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we were hearing (used to hear, began to hear)
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audiēbātis
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you (plural) were hearing (used to hear, began to hear)
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audiēbant
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they were hearing, (used to hear began to hear)
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spectabam
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I was looking
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spectabas
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were you watching
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spectabat
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looking forward to it
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spectabamus
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would watch
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spectabatis
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...
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spectabant
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watching
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audiō
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I hear (I am hearing)
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audīs
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you (singular) hear (you are hearing)
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audit
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he/she/it hears (is hearing)
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audīmus
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we hear (we are hearing)
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audītis
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you (plural) hear (you are hearing)
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audiunt
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they hear (they are hearing)
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faciō
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I make (or do) (I am making)
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facis
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you (singular) make (you are making)
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facit
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he/she/it makes (is makring)
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facimus
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we make (we are making)
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facitis
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you (plural) make (you are making)
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faciunt
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they make (they are making)
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scrībō
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I write (I am writing)
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scrībis
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you (singular) write (you are writing)
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scrībit
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he/she/it writes (is writing)
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scrībimus
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we write (we are writing)
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scrībitis
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you (plural) write (you are writing)
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scrībunt
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they write (they are writing)
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Video 1st person Singular
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video
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Video 2nd person Singular
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vides
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Video 3nd person Singular
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videt
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Video 1st person Plural
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videmus
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Video 2nd person Plural
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videtis
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Video 3rd person Plural
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vident
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SPECTO
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I watch, I do watch, I am watching
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SPECTAMUS
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we watch, we do watch, we are watching
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SPECTAS
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you watch, you do watch, you are watching (singular)
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SPECTATIS
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y'all watch, y'all watch, y'all do watch, y'all are watching
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SPECTAT
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he/she/it watches, does watch, is watching
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SPECTANT
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they watch, they do watch, they are watching
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sum
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"I am" - (Present)
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es
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"you are" - (Present)
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est
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"[he/she/it/there] is" - (Present)
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sumus
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"we are" - (Present)
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estis
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"you (pl.) are" - (Present)
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sunt
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"[they/there]" are - (Present)
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erō
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"I shall be" - (Future)
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eris
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"you will be" - (Future)
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erit
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"[he/she/it/there] will be" - (Future)
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erimus
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"we shall be" - (Future)
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eritis
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"you (pl.) will be" - (Future)
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erunt
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"[they/there] will be" - (Future)
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eram
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"I was" - (Imperfect)
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erās
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"you were" - (Imperfect)
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erat
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"[he/she/it/there] was" - (Imperfect)
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erāmus
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"we were" - (Imperfect)
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erātis
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"you (pl.) were" - (Imperfect)
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erant
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"[they/there] were" - (Imperfect)
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fui
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i have been (perfect)
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fuisti
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you were, have been (perfect)
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fuit
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he/she/it has been (perfect)
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fuimus
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we have been, were (perfect)
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fuistis
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you (pl) were (perfect)
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fuerunt
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they were, have been (perfect)
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why are verbs sorted out by conjugation groups?
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to express person, number, time, tense, mood or voice. and because they closely resemble each other
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Define thematic vowel?
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nouns of the first, second, fourth and fifth are thematic.
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Which thematic vowel identifies which declension group?
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1st declension thematic vowel a 2nd declension thematic vowel o 4th declension thematic vowel u 5th declension thematic vowel e
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which verb vowel stems identifies with each conjugation group?
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1st conjugation contains vowel stems with a 2nd conjugation contains vowel stems with e 4th conjugation contains vowel stems with i
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why do verbs in latin have principal parts?
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principal parts of verbs carry a sense of time along with the action or act of being. Also, it makes learning the rest of the verbs easier.
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How many principle parts does a very usually have?
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4 1st present, active 1st person, sing spectō- I watch, I am watching 2nd the present active infinitive spectāre- to watch 3rd the perfect active, indicative 1st person sing. spectāvī-I watched, I have watched 4th perfect past participle, sing. masculine spectātum-having been watched
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the grammatical name infinitive means?
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non-finitely, there is no ending. as in o,s,t,mus,tis,nt
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what is the identifying marker for the infinitive?
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usually occurs with to. to go, to come, to wear.
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what is an exception to the identifying marker for the infinitive?
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after an auxilliary verb
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What letters in the 3rd principal part make a weird stem?
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V,U,X OR S
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THE WORD PERFECT AS IN PERFECT TENSE REALLY MEANS?
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IT MEANS FINISHED OR COMPLETE
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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SNAPSHOT PAST AND THE VIDEO CAMERA PAST?
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IMPERFECT IS THE VIDEO CAMERA BECAUSE YOU SEE THE EVENT IN PROCESS, A CONTINUED ACTION IN PAST TIME. PERFECT IS THE SNAPSHOT BECAUSE IT CAPTURES A MOMENT IN TIME BUT IT HAS ENDED.
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES SEDEō AND SEDERE BELONG TO?
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1st
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES EO,IRE BELONG TO?
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Irregular
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES NAVIGO, NAVIGARE BELONG TO?
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1st
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES AGO, AGERE BELONG TO?
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3rd
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES FUGIO, FUGERE BELONG TO?
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3rd
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES VENIO, VENIRE BELONG TO?
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4th
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WHICH CONJUGATION GROUP DOES ADSUM, ADESSE BELONG TO?
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1st
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what gender is the 3rd declension noun endings with -tas, -tus, -tudo, or -tio?
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feminine
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give an example of noun translation in the feminine 3rd declension.
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veritas virtus pulchritudo ratio
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One thing we do not know in the nominative case of a 3rd declension noun is how the noun will decline in the other cases. Why?
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because they have no predictable endings.
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What other case should you look to when you do not know how the noun will decline in the nominative case of a 3rd declension noun?
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both the nominative singular and genitive singular cases should be learned.
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what gender are 3rd declension nouns?
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they can be masculine, feminine or neuter
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what gender are 3rd declension nouns that end in "US" such as vulnus, corpus and temps?
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neuter Corpus Corpora Corporis Corporum Corpori Corporibus Corpus Corpora Corpore Corporibus Corpus Corpora
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why is latin word order not such a big deal like it is in English.
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The reason Latin is a more flexible language in terms of word order is that what English speakers encode by position in the sentence, Latin handles with case endings at the ends of nouns, adjectives, and verbs.
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what is the typical english word pattern?
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s+v+o subject+verb+object
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what is the most common (though not necessary) latin word pattern?
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s+o+v subject +object+ verb
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What is a predicate nominative?
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The predicate nominative is a noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb that restates or stands for the subject. Mary is my sister. (Mary = sister) You and I are friends. (You and I = friends)
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What latin case is the predicate nominative in?
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nominative
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what does "number" mean in the term "gender, case, number"?
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whether or not a noun is singular or plural.
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define preposition
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a word put in front of a noun to define a relationship between a noun and the rest of the sentence.
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give 5 examples of a preposition in Latin.
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A (AB)"from", "by" SINE "without" DE "down from", "concerning", "on" PRO "for", "on behalf of" CUM "with"
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In what case are most prepositions followed by nouns?
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the ablative case
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what concept is involved when a preposition is followed by an accusative case noun?
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the accusative case can also show extent of time or space and forward motion.
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explain the difference in the translation of these two sentences: 1. The dog ran to Quintus. 2. The dog gave the bone to Quintus
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in he first sentence, Quitus is the object of the preposition. In the second sentence Quitus is the indirect object. They are translated differently because the>>>>??????
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Does an adjective have to have the same ending as the noun it modifies?
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no, Adjectives in Latin must agree with the stated or implied noun in: Case, Number and Gender!
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Give 2 examples that show why an adjective either does or doesn't have to have the same ending as the noun it modifies.
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agricola iratus rex bonus
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define agreement between adjectives and nouns
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adjectives must agree with their nouns in gender, number and case.
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the two types of verbs in Latin are?
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Verbs that show an action Verbs that show a person and number
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What sort of verb does latin never use?
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gerund (a verbal noun)
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what are the 4 tenses we have studied so far?
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Present Tense Imperfect Tense Future Tense Perfect Tense (present perfect) Pluperfect Tense(Past perfect) Future Perfect Tense
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example of present tense in english
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I love
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example of imperfect tense in english
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I was loving
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example of future tense in english
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I shall love
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example of perfect tense in english
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I have loved
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example of of pluperfect tense in english
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I had loved
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example of future perfect tense in english
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I shall have loved
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faveo, favere (favi, faturus)
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to have favor (for), to be favorable (to)
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credo, credere (credidi, creditus)
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to give trust (to), to have trust (for)
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cedo, cedere (cessi, cessus)
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to yeild (to), to give way (for)
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impero, imperare (imperavi, imperatus)
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to give an order (to), to command
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persuadeo, persuadere (persuasi, persuasus)
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to persuade, to make sweet for
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noceo, nocere (nocui, nociturus)
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to harm, to do hurt (to)
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invideo, invidere (invidi, invisum)
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to be envious
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dative verb case definition
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the receiver of the action is the indirect object. The dative case is the noun to whom something is given.
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name 3 verbs that need indirect object to fill out their meaning.
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give, tell, show
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why do verbs like credo, faveo and place take dative case objects?
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the dative is used to indicate someone who is "interested" or "involved" in the action because the object of the "action" isn't as much the person as it is a thing/idea that is closely related with a person
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english signal for latin translation in genitive case
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of and 's
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example of english signal for latin translation in genitive case
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The Dog of Marcus or Marcus's Dog (Canis Marcī) Marcus of Rome (Marcus Romae) A thing of beauty (Rēs pulchrae)
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Define Gender
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the formal classification by which nouns are grouped and inflected, or changed in form, so as to reflect certain syntactic relationships: pronouns, modifiers, and verbs may also be so inflected.
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3 Genders
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Masculine feminine neuter
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the singular noun ending "A" suggests which gender?
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feminine
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the singular noun ending "US" suggests which gender?
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masculine
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the singular noun ending "UM" suggests which gender?
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neuter
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A plural noun ends in "A" what gender is it?
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neuter
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A plural noun ends in "M" what job is it doing?
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genitive
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What are transvestite nouns?
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Common Gender words can refer to a male or female.
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give examples of transvestite nouns
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canis-dog civis-citizen atheleta-athelete
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Vocative pater
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pater
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Vocative mercatores
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mercatores
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Vocative servi
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servi
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Vocative puella
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puella
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Vocative amicus
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Amice
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Vocative caecilius
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Caecilī
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Asinus
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Asini
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Exceptions of Nouns/Name/title ending in -us
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us-e Brutus in nominative-Brute is vocative
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Exceptions to the vocative and nominative resemblance.
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singular second-declension nouns ending in us in the nominative case
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What case does the vocative resemble?
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Nominative
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What is the job of the vocative case
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to call on somebody by name or title
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What case does the nominative resemble?
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vocative
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Exceptions of nouns Name/title ends in -ius
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ius-ī Julius -is Julī and filius - filī
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Neuter Rules
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ALL neuter nouns match in ending for Nominative and Accusative cases always! The Nominative Plural ending is always -a!
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Neuter Rules
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ALL neuter nouns match in ending for Nominative and Accusative cases always! The Nominative Plural ending is always -a!
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nominative sing.
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manus
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genitive sing.
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manūs
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dative sing.
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manuī
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accusative sing.
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manum
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ablative sing.
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manū
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nominative plural
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manūs
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genitive plural
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manuum
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dative plural
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manibus
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accusative plural
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manūs
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ablative plural
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manibus
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pater
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Nominative Singular
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patris
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Genitive Singular
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patri
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Dative Singular
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patrem
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Accusative Singular
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patre
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Ablative Singular
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patres
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Nominative Plural
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patrum
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Genitive Plural
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patribus
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Dative Plural
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patres
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Accusative Plural
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patribus
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Ablative Plural
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wine nominative/vocative
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Vinum
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wine genitive
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Vini
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wine dative
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vino
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wine accusative
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vinum
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wine ablative
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vinō
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wine nominative/vocative
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vina
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wine genitive
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vinorum
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wine dative
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vinis
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wine accusative
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vina
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wine ablative
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vinis
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servus
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slave
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servi (1)
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the slave of
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servo (1)
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slave (1)
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servum
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slave (2)
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servo (2)
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slave (3)
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servi (2)
answer
slaves
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servorum
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the slaves of
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servis (1)
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slaves (1)
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servos
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slaves (2)
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servis (2)
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slaves (3)
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Nominative singular
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Puella
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Genitive singular
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Puellae
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Dative singular
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Puellae
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Accusative singular
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Puellam
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Ablative singular
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Puellā
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Nominative Plural
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Puellae
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Genitive Plural
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Puellarum
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Dative Plural
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Puellis
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Accusative Plural
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Puellas
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Ablative Plural
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Puellis
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Nominative case
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subject, predicate, nominative
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Genitive case
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possesive
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Dative case
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give, tell, show-indirect object
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Accusative case
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direct object-victim of the verb
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ablative case
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prepositions that shows the relationship to the verb in a sentence
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Caecilius as subject Caecilius is the master.
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Caecilius est dominus.
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Caecilius as predicate nom. The master is Caecilius.
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Dominus est Caecilius.
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Caecilius as possessive The son of Caecilius is Quintus.
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Filius Caecilius est Quitus.
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Caecilius as indirect object I gave money to Caecilius.
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Ego do pecuniam Caecilio.
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Caecilius as d.o. victim of verb I hate Caecilius.
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Ego odi Caecilium.
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Caecilius as preposition I am eating dinner with Caecilius.
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Ego ceno cum Caeciliō
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ego
answer
I
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mei
answer
of me
question
mihi
answer
to me
question
me
answer
me
question
me
answer
with me
question
nos
answer
we
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nostrum/nostri
answer
of us
question
nobis
answer
to us
question
nos
answer
us
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nobis
answer
with us
question
tu
answer
you
question
tui
answer
of your
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tibi
answer
to you
question
te
answer
you
question
te
answer
with you
question
vos
answer
you all
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vestrum/vestri
answer
of you all
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vobis
answer
to you all
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vos
answer
you all
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vobis
answer
with you all
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is
answer
he
question
eius
answer
his
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ei
answer
to him
question
eum
answer
him
question
eo
answer
him
question
ea
answer
she
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eius
answer
hers
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ei
answer
to her
question
eam
answer
her
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ea
answer
her
question
meus
answer
my
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noster
answer
our
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your
answer
vester
question
ei
answer
they
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eorum
answer
their
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eis
answer
to them
question
eos
answer
them
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eis
answer
with them
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vester
answer
your
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sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt
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Conjugate *sum* in the present tense.
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eram, eras, erat, eramus, eratis, erant
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Conjugate *sum* in the imperfect tense.
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ero, eris, erit, érimus, éritis, erunt
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Conjugate *sum* in the future tense.
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define imperative verb form
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It is used to express a command.
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give an example of an imperative verb form in latin
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Pugnant! Ambula!
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Form the singular imperative of video videre
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vidē
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form the plural imperative of video videre
answer
videtē
