question

The ___, ___, and ___ ___ veins in the hand and forearm are the veins most often used for initiating intravenous (IV) therapy

answer

cephalic; basilic; median cubital

question

To initiate IV access, place the patient's extremity in a dependent position and apply a tourniquet around the arm to ___ the veins. Place the tourniquet ___ the antecubital fossa or approximately 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 centimeters) above the anticipated site.

answer

distend; above

question

If the patient has fragile skin or excessive hair, place the tourniquet over the ___ of the gown (or ___ cuff) to protect the skin and avoid pulling the hair.

answer

sleeve; BP

question

When inspecting the patient's hand and arm for an IV site, begin by looking at the most ___ part and move ___. Select a vein that is well-dilated and one that feels ___ with palpation and ___ back when you release the pressure.

answer

distal; proximally; soft; bounces

question

Once you have found a vein, make sure that placing the IV catheter in that location will not interfere with any planned ___ or with the patient's ability to perform ___

answer

procedures; ADLs

question

Avoid using veins in an extremity with compromised ___ and those that are distal to previous ___ sites. Also ___ sclerosed or hardened veins, bruised areas, and areas where there are valves or bifurcations.

answer

circulation; IV; avoid

question

If the patient has excessive body hair, do not shave the area; instead, clip the hair with ___. Shaving can cause microabrasions that increase the risk for ___.

answer

scissors; infection

question

For most adults, a __- to __-gauge catheter is adequate for infusing fluids and medication. A __- to __-gauge catheter is best for children, older adults, and anyone who has small or fragile veins.

answer

20; 22; 22; 26

question

If the patient will receive large quantities of fluids at a rapid rate or blood or blood products, use a larger catheter, such as an __-gauge.

answer

18

question

If your patient will not have a ___ infusion, initiate a saline lock. A saline lock consists of an IV catheter and a ___ piece of extension tubing.

answer

continuous; short

question

Since fluids do not infuse continuously through a ___ ___ to maintain patency of the IV line, you must ___ the lock usually with normal saline, 1 to 3 mL, ___ and ___ you administer each medication or at regular intervals.

answer

saline lock; flush; before; after

question

The product most often used to clean the site prior to initiating IV access is ___ 2%. Allow it to air-dry completely to reduce the ___ count effectively at the insertion site.

answer

chlorhexidine; microbial

question

To minimize pain during the procedure in infants & children, use a topical ___ such as LMX (lidocaine) or EMLA (eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine) cream to ___ the site.

answer

anesthetic; numb

question

In addition to the usual sites you'd use for initiating IV therapy in adults, you can also use infants' ___ and ___ veins.

answer

scalp; foot

question

When initiating IV therapy in pediatric patients, use the smallest catheter available, usually a __- to __-gauge.

answer

22; 26

question

Older patients' skin tends to be ___ and their veins more ___ and superficial with a tendency to roll. To avoid bruising or tearing the skin, use a tourniquet ___.

answer

thinner; fragile; sparingly

question

When inserting the catheter in older adults, be sure to pull the skin below the insertion site taut to ____ the vein.

answer

stabilize

question

When selecting an IV site for older adults, try to avoid the veins in the ___ and the dominant ___ since these sites can make it difficult for an older patient to perform activities of daily living. Use a smaller catheter, such as a __-gauge. To secure the catheter, use minimal ___ to avoid irritating or traumatizing the skin. If possible, use a mesh ___ instead.

answer

hand; arm; 22; tape; dressing

question

___ tubing is typically added to the primary tubing to lengthen it, thus allowing the patient greater mobility.

answer

extension

question

At the ___ of the tubing is a plastic spike covered with a plastic cap. Below the spike is the ___ chamber, a clear plastic reservoir that allows you to monitor the flow rate by ___ the drops dripping into the chamber.

answer

top; drip; counting

question

To keep air from ___ the tubing and being infused, be sure the drip chamber is at least ___ full. Gently ___ the chamber two or three times helps accomplish this.

answer

entering; half; squeezing

question

If you are using a glass bottle, be sure to use tubing with an ___ vent above the drip chamber. This allows air to enter the bottle and the fluid to ___.

answer

air; infuse

question

A short distance from the drip chamber is the roller clamp used to control the ___ rate. The roller clamp is in the ___ position when it is at the narrow bottom end of the device. When the roller is at the wider top end of the device, it is ___, thus allowing fluid to move freely through the tubing.

answer

flow; closed; open

question

___ tubing is a short piece of plastic tubing that connects into the primary IV tubing for administering medications.

answer

secondary

question

Because the secondary infusion usually contains a medication, an ____ device is recommended to ensure that it infuses over the prescribed length of time.

answer

infusion

question

If an infusion device is not available, use a ___ setup to infuse the secondary bag of fluid or medication.

answer

piggyback

question

With a piggyback setup, you'll hang the smaller bag of fluid, the secondary infusion, ___ than the larger bag of fluid, the primary infusion.

answer

higher

question

To regulate the flow rate of the secondary infusion, ___ the roller clamp on the secondary tubing completely and use the roller clamp on the ___ tubing to adjust the flow rate.

answer

open; primary

question

___ solutions are particularly risky.

answer

hypertonic

question

___ solutions pull fluid into the vascular space by osmosis, resulting in an increased vascular volume that can result in pulmonary edema, particularly in patients who have ___ or ___ disease.

answer

hypertonic; cardiac; renal

question

Apply a transparent dressing to protect the IV site from ___ while still allowing ___. Position the dressing over the vein so that it extends to the ___ of the hub of the catheter. Leave the connection between the catheter hub and the IV tubing uncovered to facilitate ____ the tubing.

answer

contamination; visibility; lip; changing

question

When securing the catheter, place the tape only over the ___ and not over the ___ site. To protect the patient's skin, place a small gauze pad ___ the hub of the IV catheter to elevate it and keep it from exerting ___ on the patient's skin.

answer

hub; insertion; under; pressure

IV therapy accepted practice ATI – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards