ITS 375 Chapter 3 (review Questions): Contingency Strategies for IR/DR/BC – Flashcards

The business resumption (BR) plan has two major elements: the disaster recovery (DR) plan, for resuming normal operations at the primary sites, and the business continuity (BC) plan, for activating critical business functions at an alternate site.

What are the Disaster Recovery (DR) and Business Continuity (BC) plans.

Is the location or group of location at which the organization executes its functions.

Data backup is typically a snapshot of the data from a specific point in time. The data is considered volatile and subject to change. An archive is a long-term storage of a document or data file, usually for legal or regulatory purpose.

Both data backups and archives should be based on a retention schedule that guides the frequency of replacement and the duration of storage. Some data is required by law to be retained and stored for years.

Now online backup to a third-party data storage vendor is available. Online backup to third-party data storage vendor -Referred to as data storage "in the cloud" -Commonly associated with leasing resources --Raises security challenges Could computing is usually decribed in three ways: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

Full, differential, and incremental.

A full backup is a full and complete backup of the entire system, including all applications, operating systems components, and data.

The storage of all files that have changed or been added since the last full backup.

A backup the only archives the files that have been modified that day and thus requires less space and time than a differential backup.

Unlike tape backups, RAID uses a number of hard drives to store information across multiple drive units. The primary uses if for real-time protection, also known as replication. For operational redundancy, this can spread out data and, when coupled with checksums, can eliminate or reduce the impact of a hard drive failure.

RAID 0 creates one larger logical volume across several hard disk drives and stores the data using a process known as disk striping, in which data segments, called stripes are written in turn to each disk drive in the array. Is the opposite of disk mirroring because (RAID 1) it uses twin drives in a computer system. The computer records all data to both drives simultaneously, providing a backup if the primary drive fails (expensive and inefficient).

Depending on the type of database and software vendor, the database may or may not be able to be backed up with the utilities that are provided with the operating system of the server on which the database run. *Can backup procedures be used without interrupting the use of the database. pg. 100

* How and when will backups be created? * Who will be responsible for creation of the backup? *How and when will backups be verified so that they are know to be correct and reliable? *Who is responsible for the verification of the backup? *Where will backups be stored and for how long? * How often will the backup plan be tested? * When will the plan be reviewed and revised? * How often will the plan be rehearsed, and who will take part in the rehearsal? pg.102

Bare metal recovery technologies -Replace failed operating systems and services -Reboot affected system from CD-ROM or other remote drive -Quickly restore operating system **Providing images backed up from known stable state

It is the bulk transfer of data in batches to an off-site facility and usually conducted with the receiving server archiving the data storage as it received. -Via leased lines or data communications services Primary selection criteria -Service costs, bandwidth, stored data security, recovery, and continuity -Data transfer without affecting other operations Scale purchases according to needs Vendor managed solutions use software agent -Initiate full backup; continuously copies data -Data accessed via Web interface or software

It is the transfer of live transactions to an off-site facility so that all changes are recorded. Transfers live transactions to an off-site facility Only transactions transferred (not archived data) Transfer performed online; much closer to real time Involves online activities on a systems level -Data written to two locations simultaneously -Can be performed asynchronously Facilitates key transaction recovery in near real time Journaling may be enabled for an object -Operating system creates record of object's behavior -Stored in a journal receiver

It is the storage of duplicate online transaction data, along with the duplication of the database at the remote site to a redundant server.

Is the development and deployment of virtual rather than physical implementations of systems and services.

When an organization wants its operations to resume at a location over which it has exclusive control. Hot Site Fully configured computer facilities with all services, communications links, and physical plant operations Can establish operations at a moment's notice Warm Site Provide similar services and options as a hot site Software applications not included, installed, or configured Frequently includes computing equipment and peripherals with servers; no client workstations Has connections to facilitate quick data recovery Cold Sites Provide only rudimentary services and facilities No computer hardware or peripherals provided All communication services must be installed after site occupied No quick recovery or data duplication functions Empty room with standard heating, air conditioning, and electrical service

Time-share Operates like hot/warm/cold site Leased in conjunction with a business partner or sister organization Provides DR/BC option while reducing overall cost Disadvantages Facility made be needed simultaneously Need to stock facility with equipment and data from all involved organizations Complex negotiating Party may exit agreement or sublease their options Service bureaus Service agency that provides a service for a fee Service in the case of DR/CP Provision of physical facilities in the event of a disaster Agencies frequently provide off-site data storage (fee) Service bureaus contracts Specify exactly what the organization needs under what circumstances; guarantees space when needed Disadvantages Expensive option Must be renegotiated periodically Mutual agreements Contract between two organizations Assist the other in the event of a disaster Obligation to provide necessary facilities, resources, services until receiving organization recovers Other agreements provide cost-effective solutions Between divisions of the same parent company Between subordinate and senior organizations Between business partners Memorandum of agreement (MOA) Defined expectations and capabilities for alternate site