Reflexive Pronouns in Sentences
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What are the singular reflexive pronouns What are the plural reflexive pronouns They are identical to direct object pronouns except for "si" (the third person singular and plural form)
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mi, ti, si ci, vi, si
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Where do reflexive pronouns occur in a sentence? p145 If the infinitive is preceded by a form of dovere, potere, or volere, where does the reflexive pronoun occur?
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Like direct-object pronouns, reflexive pronouns precede the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive. If the infinitive is preceded by a form of dovere, potere, or volere The reflexive pronoun either attaches to the infinitive or precedes the conjugated verb.
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How is the passato prossimo of the reflexive verb formed? p145
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The reflexive verb is conjugated with the present tense of essere, and as always with essere, the past participle must agree in number and gender with the subject. Mi sono alzato/a Ti sei alzato/a Sì è alzato/a Ci siamo alzati/e Vi siete alzati/e Si sono alzati/e Quando vi siete alzati? Ci siamo alzati tardi.
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How are reciprocal actions (we see each other, you know each other, they speak to one another) expressed? p147 We see each other every day. Do you know each other well? They talk to each other on the phone.
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Reciprocal actions are expressed by means of the plural reflexive pronouns ci, vi and si, used with the first, second and third person verbs respectively. Ci vediamo ogni giorno. Vi conoscete bene? Si parlano al telefono.
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How are compound tenses of verbs expressing reciprocal actions formed? p147 We didn't understand each other. Where did you meet each other? The girls phoned each other.
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The auxiliary verb, essere, is used to form the compound tenses of verbs expressing reciprocal actions. Past participle agrees with the subject and number and gender. Non ci siamo capiti. Dove vi siete conosciuti? Le ragazze si sono telefonate.
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Where do adverbs fall in a sentence? p151
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They usually follow directly after simple verb form. With compound verbs , most adverbs follow the past participle. Some common adverbs (già, mai, ancora (still), sempre) can be placed between the auxiliary verb in the past participle.
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Say the following: p152 a hundred fables a thousand nights a million dollars
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cento favole mille notti un milione di dollari The indefinite article is only used with 1 million.
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What is the plural form of "cento"? p153 What is a singular and plural form of 1000?
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Cento has no plural form. singular: mille mille euro plural: milla duemilla euro
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milione(i) & miliardo(i) require what when they are followed directly by a noun? p153
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They require a "di". In Italia ci sono 57 milioni di abitanti. Il governo spesso molti miliardi di euro.
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Say 1200 in Italian. p153
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milleduecento There is no equivalent of twelve hundred in Italian.
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Which article is used to specify a calendar year? p153
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The masculine singular definite article "il". Il 1916 è stato un anno molto buono. La macchina di Dino e' del 2003.
