ISM4930 Test 1 – Flashcards
151 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 151question
business process
answer
Enterprise resource planning systems take a(n) _____ view of the overall organization.
Unlock the answer
question
Operational CRM
answer
_____ systems support the front-office business processes which directly interact with customers.
Unlock the answer
question
True
answer
Sales force automation is a customer-facing application.
Unlock the answer
question
transaction
answer
When interest is credited to your savings account at your bank, it is called a:
Unlock the answer
question
True
answer
Some companies conduct live chat with customers using a computer with natural language processing software, rather than a real person.
Unlock the answer
question
True
answer
If you have visited Amazon's Web site previously and then return, Amazon recommends other books that you might like. This is called cross-selling.
Unlock the answer
question
True
answer
Goal-seeking analysis attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output.
Unlock the answer
question
Goal-seeking analysis
answer
_____ attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output.
Unlock the answer
question
False
answer
Executive dashboards provide support primarily to analytical, quantitative types of decisions.
Unlock the answer
question
Information flows
answer
_____ consist of data that are related to demand, shipments, orders, returns, and schedules.
Unlock the answer
question
Push model
answer
The business model of large automobile manufacturers would be best known as which of the following?
Unlock the answer
question
False
answer
Decision support systems support only lower and middle level managers.
Unlock the answer
question
upstream portion of the supply chain
answer
A company's suppliers, suppliers' suppliers, and the processes for managing them is the:
Unlock the answer
question
False
answer
Just-in-time inventory systems try to maximize inventories to protect against uncertainties along the supply chain.
Unlock the answer
question
True
answer
Electronic data interchange is a problem for small businesses.
Unlock the answer
question
False
answer
It is difficult to document the knowledge of artificial intelligence, but easy to document the knowledge of natural intelligence.
Unlock the answer
question
application program
answer
A computer progra designed to support a specific task or business process
Unlock the answer
question
business intelligence (BI) systems
answer
Information systems that provide computer-based support for complex, non-routine decisions, primarily for middle managers and knowledge workers.
Unlock the answer
question
chief information officer (CIO)
answer
The executive in charge of the information systems department in an organization
Unlock the answer
question
competitive advantage
answer
An advantage over competitors in some measure such as cost, quality, or speed; leads to control of a market and to larger-than-average profits
Unlock the answer
question
competitive forces model
answer
A business framework devised by Micahel Porter that analyzes competitiveness by recognizing five major forces that could endanger a company's position
Unlock the answer
question
computer-based information system (CBIS)
answer
An information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks
Unlock the answer
question
dashboards
answer
Information systems that support all managers of teh organization by providing rapid access to timely information and direct access to structure information in the form of reports
Unlock the answer
question
electronic commerce systems
answer
A type of interorganizational information system that enables organizations to conduct transactions with other businesses and with customers
Unlock the answer
question
entry barrier
answer
Product or service feature that customers expect from organizations in a certain industry; an organization trying to enter this market must provide this product or service at a minimum to be able to compete
Unlock the answer
question
ergonomics
answer
The science of adapting machines and work environments to people, focusing on creating an environment that is safe, well lit, and comfortable
Unlock the answer
question
expert systems (ES)
answer
Information systems that attempt to duplicate the work of human experts by applying reasoning capabilities, knowledge, and expertise within a specific domain.
Unlock the answer
question
hardware
answer
a set of device (for example, processor, monitor, keyboard, printer) that together accept data and information, process them, and display them
Unlock the answer
question
information system (IS)
answer
A process that collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose, most __ are computerized
Unlock the answer
question
knowledge workers
answer
professional employees who are experts in a particular subject area and create information and knowledge
Unlock the answer
question
network
answer
A connecting systems (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share their information
Unlock the answer
question
office automation systems (OASs)
answer
Information systems that typically support the clerical staff, lower and middle managers, and knowledge workers
Unlock the answer
question
people
answer
Those individuals who use the hardware and software, interface with it, or use its output
Unlock the answer
question
primary activities
answer
Those business activities related to the production and distribution of the firm's products and services, this creating value
Unlock the answer
question
procedures
answer
The set of instructions about how to combine components of information systems in order to process info and generate the desired output
Unlock the answer
question
software
answer
a set of programs that enables the hardware to process data
Unlock the answer
question
strategic information systems (SISs)
answer
Systems that help an organization gain a competitive advantage by supporting its strategic goals and/or increasing performance and productivity
Unlock the answer
question
supply chain
answer
the flow of materials, info, money, and services from raw material suppliers through factories and warehouses to the end customers
Unlock the answer
question
support activities
answer
business activities that do not add value directly to a firm's product or service under consideration but support the primary activities that do add value
Unlock the answer
question
transaction processing system (TPS)
answer
an info system that supports the monitoring, collection, storage, processing, and dissemination of data from the organization's basic business transactions
Unlock the answer
question
value chain model
answer
model that shows the primary activities that sequentially add value to the profit margin; also shows the support activities
Unlock the answer
question
value system
answer
includes the produces, suppliers, distributors, and buyers, all with their value chains
Unlock the answer
question
ad-hoc (on-demand) reports
answer
Nonroutine reports that often contain special info that is not included in routine reports
Unlock the answer
question
bath processing
answer
TPS that processes data in batches at fixed periodic intervals
Unlock the answer
question
best practices
answer
the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods for achieving a business outcome
Unlock the answer
question
comparative reports
answer
reports that compare performances of different business units or time periods
Unlock the answer
question
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
answer
an information system that integrates various automated factory systems
Unlock the answer
question
drill-down reports
answer
reports that show a greater level of detail than is included in routine reports
Unlock the answer
question
enterprise application integration (EAI) system
answer
A system that integrates existing systems by prociding layers of software that connect applications together
Unlock the answer
question
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
answer
info system that takes a business process view of the overall organization to integrate the planning, management, and use of all of an organization's resources, employing a common software platform and database
Unlock the answer
question
ERP II systems
answer
interorganizational ERP systems that provide Web-enabled links between key business systems (such as inventory and production) of a company and its customers, suppliers, distributors, and others
Unlock the answer
question
exception reports
answer
reports that include only info that exceeds certain threshold standards
Unlock the answer
question
functional area information systems (FAISs)
answer
A system that provides info to managers (usually mid-level) in the functional areas, in order to support managerial tasks of planning, organizing, and controlling operations
Unlock the answer
question
key-indicator reports
answer
reports that summarize the performance of critical activities
Unlock the answer
question
routine reports
answer
reports produced at scheduled intervals
Unlock the answer
question
trans-border data flow
answer
the flow of corporate data across nations' borders
Unlock the answer
question
transaction
answer
any business event that generates data worth capturing and storing in a database
Unlock the answer
question
analytical CRM
answer
CRM systems that analyze customer behavior and perceptions in order to provide actionable business intelligence
Unlock the answer
question
bundling
answer
A form of cross-selling where an enterprise sells a group of products or services together at a lower price than the combined individual price of the products
Unlock the answer
question
campaign management applications
answer
CRM applications that help organizations plan marketing campaigns so that the right messages are sent to the right people through the right channels
Unlock the answer
question
collaborative CRM
answer
a function of CRM systems where communications between the organization and its customers are integrated across all aspects of marketing, sales, and customer support processes
Unlock the answer
question
cross selling
answer
the practice of marketing additional related products to customers based on a previous purchase
Unlock the answer
question
customer-facing CRM applications
answer
areas where customers directly interact with the organization, including customer service and support, sales force automation, marketing, and campaign management
Unlock the answer
question
customer interaction center
answer
a CRM operation where organizational representatives use multiple communication channels to interact with customers in functions such as inbound teleservice and outbound telesales
Unlock the answer
question
customer relationship management
answer
a customer-focused and customer-driven organizational strategy that concentrates on satisfying customers by addressing their requirements for products and services, and then by providing high-quality, responsive service
Unlock the answer
question
customer-touching CRM applications
answer
(also called electronic CRM or e-CRM) applications and technologies with which customers interact and typically help themselves
Unlock the answer
question
customer touch point
answer
any interaction between a customer and an organization
Unlock the answer
question
loyalty program
answer
loyalty programs recognize customers who repeatedly use the products or services offered by a vendor
Unlock the answer
question
mobile CRM
answer
an interactive CRM system where communications related to sales, marketing, and customer service activities are conducted through a mobile medium for the purpose of building and maintaining customer relationships between an organization and its customers
Unlock the answer
question
on-demand CRM
answer
a CRM system that is hosted by an external vendor in the vendor's data center
Unlock the answer
question
open-source CRM
answer
CRM software whose source code is available to developers and users
Unlock the answer
question
operational CRM
answer
the component of CRM that supports the front-office business processes that directly interact with customers ie. sales, marketing, and service
Unlock the answer
question
sales force automation
answer
the component of an operational CRM system that automatically records all the aspects in a sales transaction process
Unlock the answer
question
up selling
answer
a sales strategy where the organizational representative will provide to customers the opportunity to purchase higher-value related products or services as opposed to or along with the consumer's initial product or service selection
Unlock the answer
question
bullwhip effect
answer
erratic shifts in orders up and down the supply chain
Unlock the answer
question
distribution portals
answer
corporate portals that automate the business processes involved in selling or distributing products from a single supplier to multiple buyers
Unlock the answer
question
electronic data interchange (EDI)
answer
a communication standard that enables the electronic transfer of routine documents between business partners
Unlock the answer
question
interorganizational information system (IOS)
answer
an info system that supports info flow among two or more organizations
Unlock the answer
question
inventory velocity
answer
the time between the receipt of incoming goods and the dispatch of finished, outbound products
Unlock the answer
question
just-in-time (JIT) inventory system
answer
a system in which a supplier delivers the precise number of parts to be assembled into a finished product at precisely the right time
Unlock the answer
question
procurement portals
answer
corporate portals that automate the business processes involved in purchasing or procuring products between a single buyer and multiple suppliers
Unlock the answer
question
pull model
answer
a business model in which the production process begins with a customer order and companies make only what customers want, a process closely aligned with mass customization
Unlock the answer
question
push model
answer
a business model in which the production process begins with a forecast, which predicts the products that customers will want as well as teh quantity of each product. The company then produces the amount of products in teh forecast, typically by using mass production, and sells, or "pushes", those products to consumers
Unlock the answer
question
supply chain management
answer
an activity in which the leadership of an organization provide extensive oversight for the partnerships and processes that comprise the supply chain and leverage these relationships to provide an operational advantage
Unlock the answer
question
supply chain visibility
answer
the ability for all organizations in a supply chain to access or view relevant data on purchased materials as these materials move through their suppliers' production processes
Unlock the answer
question
vendor-managed inventory (VMI)
answer
an inventory strategy where the supplier monitors a vendor's inventory for a product or group of products ad replenishes products when needed
Unlock the answer
question
vertical integration
answer
strategy of integrating the upstream part of the supply chain with the internal part, typically by purchasing upstream suppliers, in order to ensure timely availability of supplies
Unlock the answer
question
artificial intelligence (AI)
answer
a subfield of computer science concerned with studying the thought processes of humans and representing the effects of those processes via machines
Unlock the answer
question
business intelligence
answer
info systems that assist managers in decision making by allowing extensive, user-driven data analysis via a variety of modeling techniques, or by providing easy, intuitive access to structured info
Unlock the answer
question
corporate performance management
answer
the area of business intelligence involved with monitoring and managing an organization's performance, according to key performance indicators (KPIs) such as revenue, return on investment (ROI), overhead, and operational costs
Unlock the answer
question
data mining
answer
the process of searching for valuable business info in a large database, data warehouse, or data mart
Unlock the answer
question
decision room
answer
a face-to-face setting for a group DSS in which terminals are available to the participants
Unlock the answer
question
decision support systems (DSS)
answer
business intelligence systems that combine models and data in an attempt to solve semistructured and some unstructured problems with extensive user involvement
Unlock the answer
question
digital dashboard
answer
a business intelligence system that provides rapid access to timely info and direct access to management reports
Unlock the answer
question
geographic information system
answer
a computer-based system for capturing, integrating, manipulating, and displaying data using digitized maps
Unlock the answer
question
goal-seeking analysis
answer
study that attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output
Unlock the answer
question
group decision support system (GDSS)
answer
an interactive computer-based system that supports the process of finding solutions by a group of decision makers
Unlock the answer
question
intelligent systems
answer
a term that describes the various commercial applications of artificial intelligence
Unlock the answer
question
management
answer
a process by which organizational goals are achieved through the use of resources
Unlock the answer
question
model (in decision making)
answer
a simplified representation, or abstraction, of reality
Unlock the answer
question
multidimensional data analysis
answer
(online analytical processing) the process of performing complex, multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database or data warehouse, typically using graphical software tools
Unlock the answer
question
natural language generation
answer
(also voice synthesis) technology that enables computers to produce ordinary language by "voice" or on the screen so that people can understand computers more easily
Unlock the answer
question
natural language processing (NLP)
answer
communicating with a computer in the user's native language
Unlock the answer
question
natural language understanding
answer
(also speech or voice recognition) the ability of a computer to comprehend instructions given in ordinary language via the keyboard or by voice
Unlock the answer
question
neural network
answer
a system of programs and data structures that approximates the operation of the human brain
Unlock the answer
question
online analytical processing (OLAP)
answer
(see multidimensional data analysis) the process of performing complex, multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database or data warehouse, typically using graphical software tools
Unlock the answer
question
organizational decision support system (ODSS)
answer
a DSS-BI system that focuses on an organizational task or activity involving a sequence of operations and decision makers
Unlock the answer
question
productivity
answer
the ratio between the inputs to a process and the outputs from that process
Unlock the answer
question
sensitivity analysis
answer
the study of the impact that changes in one (or more) parts of a model have on other parts
Unlock the answer
question
turing test
answer
a test for artificial intelligence in which a human interviewer, conversing with both an unseen human being and an unseen computer, cannot determine which is which; named for English mathematician Alan Turing
Unlock the answer
question
virtual reality
answer
interactive, computer-generated, three-dimensional graphics delivered to the user through a head-mounted display
Unlock the answer
question
what-if analysis
answer
the study of the impact of a change in the assumptions (input-data) on the proposed solution
Unlock the answer
question
agile development
answer
a software development methodology that delivers functionality in rapid iterations, measured in weeks, requiring frequent communication, development, testing, and delivery
Unlock the answer
question
application portfolio
answer
the set of recommended applications resulting from the planning and justification process in application development
Unlock the answer
question
application service provider (ASP)
answer
an agent or vendor who assembles teh software needed by enterprises and packages them with outsourced develpment, operations, maintenance, and other services
Unlock the answer
question
component-based development
answer
a software development methodology that uses standard components to build applications
Unlock the answer
question
computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
answer
development approach that uses specialized tools to automate many of the tasks in the SDLC; upper CASE tools automate the early stages of the SDLC, and lower CASE tools automate the later stages
Unlock the answer
question
direct conversion
answer
implementation process in which the old system is cutt off and the new system is turned on at a certain point in time
Unlock the answer
question
feasibility study
answer
investigation that gauges the probaility of success of a proposed project and provides a rough assessment of the project's feasibility
Unlock the answer
question
implementation
answer
the process of converting from an old computer system to a new one
Unlock the answer
question
integrated CASE (ICASE) tools
answer
CASE tools that provide links between upper CASE and lower CASE tools
Unlock the answer
question
IS project management
answer
a directed effort to plan, organize, and manage resources to bring about the successful achievement of specific info systems goals
Unlock the answer
question
IT steering committee
answer
a committee, comprised of a group of managers and staff representing various organizational units, set up to establish IT priorities and to ensure that the MIS function is meeting the needs of the enterprise
Unlock the answer
question
IT strategic plan
answer
a set of long-range goals that describe the IT infrastructure and major IT initiatives needed to achieve the goals of the organization
Unlock the answer
question
joint application design (JAD)
answer
a group-based tool for collecting user requirements and creating system designs
Unlock the answer
question
logical system design
answer
abstract specification of what a computer system will do
Unlock the answer
question
object-oriented development
answer
a systems development methodology that begins with aspects of teh real world that must be modeled to perform a task
Unlock the answer
question
outsourcing
answer
use of outside contractors or external organizations to acquire IT services
Unlock the answer
question
phased conversion
answer
implementation process that introduces components of the new system in stages, until the entire new system is operational
Unlock the answer
question
physical system design
answer
actual physical specifications that state how a computer system will perform its functions
Unlock the answer
question
pilot conversion
answer
implementation process that introduces the new system in one part of the organization on a trial basis; when new system is working properly, it is introduced in other parts of the organization
Unlock the answer
question
programmers
answer
IS professionals who modify existing computer programs or write new computer programs to satisfy user requirements
Unlock the answer
question
programming
answer
the translation of a system's design specifications into computer code
Unlock the answer
question
project
answer
a short-term effort to create a specific business related outcome
Unlock the answer
question
prototype
answer
a small-scale working model of an entire system or a model that contains only the components of the new system that are of most interest to teh users
Unlock the answer
question
prototyping
answer
approach that defines an initial list of user requirements, builds a prototype system, and then improves the system in several iterations based on users' feedback
Unlock the answer
question
rapid application development (RAD)
answer
a development method that uses special tools and an iterative approach to rapidly produce a high-quality system
Unlock the answer
question
request for proposal (RFP)
answer
document that is sent to potential vendors inviting them to submit a proposal describing their software package and how it would meet the company's needs
Unlock the answer
question
scope creep
answer
adding functions to an information system after the project has begun
Unlock the answer
question
service legal agreements (SLAs)
answer
formal agreements regarding the division of work between a company and its vendors
Unlock the answer
question
system analysis
answer
the examination of teh business problem that the organization plans to solve with an info system
Unlock the answer
question
systems analysts
answer
IS professionals who specialize in analyzing and designing info systems
Unlock the answer
question
systems design
answer
describes how the new system will provide a solution to the business problem
Unlock the answer
question
systems development life cycle (SDLC)
answer
traditional structured framework, used for large IT projects, that consists of sequential processes by which info systems are developed
Unlock the answer
question
systems stakeholders
answer
all people who are affected by changes in info systems
Unlock the answer
question
technical specialists
answer
experts on a certain type of technology, such as databases or telecommunications
Unlock the answer
question
triple constraint of project management
answer
three factors- time, cost, and scope- that constrain all IS projects
Unlock the answer
