IS 290 final study – Flashcards
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Which of the following terms implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction?
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Digital Darwinism
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Which of the following produces an improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive?
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Sustaining Technology
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Which of the following represents a form of disruptive technology?
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a. is a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers b. Tends to open new markets & destroy old ones c. enters the marketplace at the low end d. all of the above*
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Which of the following is a challenge of sustaining technology?
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Provides a product that does not meet existing customers' future needs
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The Innovator's Dilemma suggests that established companies can take advantage of _____without hindering existing relationships with customers, partners, & stakeholders.
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Disruptive technology
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Which of the following began as an essential emergency military communications system operated by the US Dept. of Defense (DARPA)?
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Internet
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Which of the following terms could you use to synonymously when referring to the web?
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URL (Universal Resource Locator), domain name
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At a local marketing firm, Steve is the lead web developer & is responsible for working with customers on their web designs, development, & graphics. Which of the following would be a critical skill Steve must have to be able to perform his job?
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All of these: a. understanding that he must create a unique domain name for each client b. being able to work with HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) c. Understanding the WWW and how hyperlinks work
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What is the difference between ecommerce & ebusiness?
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Ecommerce is buying & selling of goods or services online. Ebusiness includes ecommerce & all activities related to internal & external business operations.
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What is the practice of buying a domain name & not using the web page but waiting to profit from the trademark?
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Domain or Cyber Squatting
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What caused Polaroid to go bankrupt?
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1-hour film processing & digital cameras stole its market share
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What is the depth & breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video?
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Information richness
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What measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world?
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information reach
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What is the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications?
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Mass Customization
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Which of the below would not be considered a company operating in the long tail of a typical sales curve?
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Walmart
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Amazon creates a unique recommendation listing for each customer that revisits its website. How would you classify Amazon's ebusiness strategy?
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Personalization
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Nike offers people the opportunity to visit its website to create running shoes in the style & color they choose. How would you classify Nike's ebusiness strategy?
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Mass Customization
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What uses the Internet to reassemble buyers, sellers, & other partners in a traditional supply chain in new ways?
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Reintermediation
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When evaluating the business value of disintermediation, the more ____that are cut from the distribution chain, the lower the product price.
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Intermediaries
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What type of mediation refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness?
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Cybermediation
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A company can reduce its costs by using ebusiness to change its business processes. Which of the following does not represent an example of how a company can reduce its costs through ebusiness?
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Researching products to find the lowest price & visiting the store to purchase the item.
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Which of the below statements is correct?
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Just putting up a website does not create an ebusiness.
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What is the exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a site?
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Clickstream data
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What is the business strategy that lets a company shorten the order process & add value with reduces costs or a more responsive & efficient service, & occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online?
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Disintermediation
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which of the following is an example of a clickstream data metric?
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All of these a. Dates & times of visits b. The number of page views c. Number of customer with shopping carts
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Which of the following is an example of a disruptive technology?
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All of these a. Oracle's database software b. Sony's transistor-based consumer electronics (transistor radio) c. Intel's low-end microprocessor
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Which of the following is an example of sustaining technology?
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Porsche's faster car
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Which company is expecting to gain the majority of its returns on existing investments?
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Phillips Petroleum
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Which company is expecting to gain the majority of its returns on new investments?
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Dell
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Which of the following is a reason for the growth of the WWW?
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All of these a. Advancements in networking hardware b. Web pages being easy to create & flexible c. The microcomputer revolution
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Which of the following is NOT one of the Internets' impacts on information?
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digital divide
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What are agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyer & sellers together?
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Intermediaries
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What occurs when steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add value to the business process?
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Reintermediation
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What refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness, including comparison-shopping sites such as Froogle & bank account aggregation services such as Citibank?
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Cybermediation
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Which of the below is NOT a characteristic of Business 2.0?
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Technical skills are required
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What are the 4 most common Business 2.0 characteristics?
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content sharing through open source, user-contributed content, collaboration inside the organization, & collaboration outside the organization.
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What is a system that consists of nonproprietary hardware & software based on publicly known standards that allows third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system?
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Open system
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Which of the below is not a characteristic associated with Mozilla Firefox?
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Mozilla Firefox is a prime example of a reputation system
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What is Mozilla Firefox?
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a competitor to Internet Explorer
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What is software whose source code is available for free by any third party to review & modify?
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Open Source
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Erik is the president & owner of Watch Out, a local website development company that helps clients create & build unique websites. Many of his daily tasks are heavily technical in nature & require a high level of computer programming & internet knowledge. Which of the below would Erik primarily use when performing his daily tasks?
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Source code
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Ebusiness was characterized by a few companies or user posting content for the masses. What characterized Business 2.0?
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The masses posting content for the masses
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What is web content that is created & updated by many users for many users?
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user-contributed content
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eBay buyers voluntarily comment to other users & sellers on the quality of service, promptness of shipping, & their general satisfaction with the product. This is one of the most popular examples of user-generated content & is called a(n) ____.
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Reputation system
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What is the most common form of collective intelligence found inside the organization?
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Knowledge Management (system)
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What is the difference between asynchronous & synchronous communication?
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Asynchronous is communication that does not occur at the same time. Synchronous communication occurs at the same time.
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Which of the below is not a characteristic of Business 2.0?
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Web Browser
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Lisa loves her job as an executive recruiter for a large hospital located in Dallas. Part of her job is to gather industry info, collaborate with partners, compare competitors, and tap into the knowledge of prospective employees, partners, & customers. Which of the below would Lisa use to perform her job?
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Collective intelligence
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Which system supports the capture, organization, & dissemination of knowledge throughout an organization?
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Knowledge management system
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What are the 2 categories that include intellectual & knowledge-based assets?
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Explicit knowledge & tacit knowledge
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What is the type of knowledge that is contained in people's heads?
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Tacit knowledge
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What is the type of knowledge that consists of anything that can be documented, archived, & codified, often with the help of an MIS dept?
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Explicit Knowledge
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Which of the following is not an example of explicit knowledge?
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Employee opinion
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What do Netflix & Amazon use to drive their recommendation tools?
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User-generated content
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What is the practice of expanding your business & social contacts by constructing a personal network?
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Social networking
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Which of the below represents an example of why an employer would use social media?
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All of these a. to find potential job candidates via LinkedIn b. To attract new job candidates via YouTube c. To review potential job candidates by viewing their Facebook page
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Which of the below is NOT an example of a social bookmarking website?
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Facebook
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What maps group contacts, identifying who knows each other & who works together?
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Social networking analysis
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Many social media websites use ____ or specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content for means of a classification or taxonomy.
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Tags
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Social tagging describes the collaborative activity of marking shared online content with keywords or tags as a way to ____.
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All of these organize it for future search, navigation, filtering
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Cell phone manufacturers often refer to their products as mobile devices. Which of the below would not be included in the folksonomy for a cell phone?
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Technology platform
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What is the term that is similar to taxonomy except that crowdsourcing determines the tag or keyword-based classification system?
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Folksonomy
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Using the collective power of a community to identify & classify content significantly _____content categorization costs.
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Lowers
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Which social media site works by allowing content to find the users, instead of the users having to search for the content?
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StumbleUpon
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What is one simplification that has occurred with Business 2.0?
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Improving access to information
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Which of the following identifies Business 2.0 communication & collaboration tools?
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Blogs, wikis, mashup
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What does RSS stand for?
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Real Simple Syndication
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Many websites use _____ to constantly feed new to consumer instead of having the consumer search for the news.
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RSS
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What describes how products in a network increase in value to users as the number of users increase?
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Network effect
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A company's internal wiki can be a great tool for all of the following except:
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Building software applications.
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What is a website or web application that uses content form more than one source to create a completely new product or service?
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Mashup
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An API is a set of routines, protocols, & tools for _____.
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Building software applications.
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What is the role of a mashup editor?
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All of these a. to provide a visual interface to build up a mashup. b. WYSIWYG's often it allows the user to drag & drop data points into a web application.
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Which of the following are challenges of Business 2.0?
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All of these a. Violations of copyright & plagiarism b. Information vandalism c. Technology dependence
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What is a potential problem or impact of technology dependence?
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All of these a. Outages create potentially great havoc for people, businesses, & educational institutions that rely heavily on technology b. Many have a need to be continuously connected for every activity, which potentially eliminates crucial in-person social skills & could stunt psychological growth c. How do people or businesses function if the connection is down?
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Which of the following best describes Web 1.0?
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Static text-based information websites
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Which of the following best describes Web 2.0?
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Social media & user-generated web content
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Which of the following best describes Web 3.0?
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Based on the "intelligent" web where application use natural language processing
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Which statement below is inaccurate?
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Web 2.0 is a simple static website without any interaction with its user
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What is a component of Web 3.0 that describes things in a way that computer can understand?
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Semantic web
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Which statement below is incorrect?
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The semantic web captures, organizes, & disseminates knowledge (i.e. know-how) throughout an organization.
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Which of the following is not a topic or feature that is included in Web 3.0?
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social networking
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What statement below describes Web 3.0's feature that ensures the "integration of legacy devices"?
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The ability to use current devices such as iPhones & laptops as credit cards or tickets
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What website was the primary catalyst for growing electronic government & is the official US gateway to all government information?
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FirstGov.gov
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What company monitors the operation of its vending machines via wireless technology?
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Dr. Pepper/Seven Up inc.
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What refers to any type of electrical or electronic operation that is accomplished without the use of "hard-wired" connection?
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Wireless
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What technology allows viewers in almost any location to select from hundreds of channels?
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Satellite TV
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What technology enables wireless networks to extend as far as 30 miles & transfer information, voice, & video at faster speeds than cable?
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WiMAX wireless broadband
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What technology provides connectivity for portable & mobile applications, both personal & business?
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Cellular phones & pagers
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What technology uses radio waves rather than wires to transmit information across a local area network?
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Wireless local area network
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What is intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form?
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Intellectual property
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What is the legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a song, video game, & some types of proprietary documents?
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Copyright
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What is the assurance that messages & information remain available only to those authorized to view them?
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Confidentiality
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What is the right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over your own personal possessions, & not to be observed without your consent?
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Privacy
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What is the unauthorized use, duplication, or sale of copyrighted software?
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Pirated software
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What are the policies & procedures that address the ethical use of computers & Internet usage in the business environment?
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ePolicies
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Which of the following is not considered an ePolicy?
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Security badge policy
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Which of the following is NOT included in the 4 quadrants of ethical & legal behavior?
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None of these a. illegal behavior & ethical behavior b. legal behavior and ethical behavior c. legal behavior & unethical behavior
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Which act prohibits the use of video rental information on customer for any purpose other than that of marketing goods & services directly to the consumer?
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Bork Bill
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Which act allows any person to examine government records unless it would cause an invasion of privacy?
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Freedom of Information Act
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Which act restricts what information the federal government can collect?
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Privacy Act
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Which act protects investors by improving the accuracy & reliability of corporate disclosures?
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Sarbanes-Oxley Act
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Which act strengthened criminal laws against identity theft?
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None of these a. bork bill b. sarbanes-oxley act c. cable communnications act
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According to the ethical computer use policy, users should be _____of the rules &, by agreeing to use the system on that basis, _____to abide by the rules.
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Informed; consent
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If an organization were to have only one policy, which one would it want?
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Ethical Computer use policy
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Which of the following represents the classic example of unintentional information reuse?
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social security number
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What is one of the guidelines an organization can follow when creating an information privacy policy?
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Notice & disclosure
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What is a policy that a user must agree to follow in order to be provided access to a network or to the internet?
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acceptable use policy
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What is a contractual stipulation that ensures that ebusiness participants do not deny their online actions?
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Nonrepudiation
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Which policy is it common practice for many businesses & educational facilities to require employees or students to sign before being granted a network ID?
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Acceptable use policy
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What is one of the major problems with email?
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User's expectation of privacy
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What is a mail bomb?
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Sending a massive amount of email to a specific person or system resulting in filling up the recipient's disk space
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What is a small file deposited on a hard drive by a website containing information about customers & their web activities?
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Cookie
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What are the 3 primary challenges facing 21st century global businesses?
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Cultural, political, geoeconomic
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Which company created several different websites to respond to sensitive cultural differences?
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McDonalds
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Which of the following is NOT a political business challenge?
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Differences in social attitudes
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Which of the following is the key result from the highly publicized survey administered by the Institute for Citizen-Centered Services & the Institute for Public Administration in Canada?
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Key drivers that directly impact online transaction are security & privacy
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What are the 4 global IT business management areas critical to running multinational companies?
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Business strategies, enterprise architectures, information issues, system development
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What are the 4 global IT business driver that should be included in all global IT business strategies?
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global customers, global products, global operations & resources, global collaboration
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What are the factors included in the global operations & resources category of global IT business drivers?
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Common equipment, facilities, assembly processes, & people are shared by a global company & IT can track shared resources
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What are the factors included in the global customer's category of global IT business drivers?
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Customers who travel anywhere or companies with global operations & global IT systems help provide fast, convenient, homogeneous service
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What are the factors included in the global products category of global IT business drivers?
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Products are the same world wide & global IT can help manage worldwide marketing, sales, & quality control
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What are the factors included in the global collaboration category of global IT business drivers?
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The knowledge & expertise of colleagues in a global company can only be accessed, shared, & organized by global IT systems
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What key questions should IT governance answer?
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What key metrics management requires
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Which of the following is not one of the 5 focus areas from the IT Governance Institute?
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Product delivery
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Which of the following represents the 5 focus areas from the IT Governance Institute?
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Strategic alignment, risk management, performance measures, resource management, value delivery
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What IT governance focus area puts structure around measuring business performance, such as a balanced scorecard, which uses both qualitative & quantitative measures?
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Performance measures
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What is a set of guidelines & supporting tools for IT governance that is accepted worldwide & generally used by auditors & companies as a way to integrate technology to implement controls & meet specific business objectives?
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CoBIT Information Systems Audit & Control Association
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What is an enterprise architecture?
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Includes the plans for how an organization will build, deploy, use, & share its data, processes, & IT assets.
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Which of the following is one of the fundamental issues surrounding the struggle between Internet censorship & openness?
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All of these a. filtering the flows b. punishing the purveyors c. controlling the conduits
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Which of the following countries in internet access banned or subject to tight limitation through government-controlled ISPs?
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All of these a. Burma b. Libya C. Syria
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What clearly dominates as the primary problem hindering international telecommunication issues as reported by IT executives at 300 Fortune 500 multinational companies?
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Political issues dominate
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Managing global enterprise architectures is a key global IT challenge for the 21st century. What is included in the term global enterprise architectures?
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Internet, intranet, extranet, & other telecommunication networks
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What is deperimeterization?
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occurs when an organization moves employees outside its firewall
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What are transborder data flows?
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occurs when business data flows across international boundaries over the telecommunications networks for global information systems
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What concerns the legal right or general expectation of individuals, groups, or institutions to determine for themselves when & to what extent information about them is communicated to others?
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Information privacy
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Which of the following is a US-EU data privacy requirement?
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All of these a. notice of the purpose & use of data collected b. access for consumers to their info c. adequate security, data integrity, & enforcement provisions
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Which of the following is one of the rights granted to European Union members under the directive on the protection of personal data grants?
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All of these a. the right to know the course of personal data processing & the purpose of such processing b. the right to access &/or rectify inaccuracies in one's own personal data c. the right the disallow the use of personal data
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An organization processing personal data of a person living in the EU must comply with which of the following principles?
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Adequate, relevant, & not excessive
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Which state recognizes an individual's right to privacy?
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California
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Which act protects health insurance information?
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HIPAA
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What is the purpose of PIPEDA?
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to provide Canadian citizens with a right of privacy with respect to how their personal info is collected, used, or disclosed by an organization
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What is wireless fidelity?
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a means of linking computers using infrared or radio signals
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What is Bluetooth?
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a telecommunications industry specification that descries how mobile phones, computers, & personal digital assistants (PDAs) can be easily interconnected using a short-range wireless connection
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What is radio frequency identification (RFID)?
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A technology that uses active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers & relay this info to electronic reasers
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What is a microwave transmitter?
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uses the atmosphere (or outer space) as the transmission medium to send the signal to a microwave receiver
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What is a global positioning system (GPS)?
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a constellation of 24 well-spaced satellites that orbit the Earth & make it possible for people with ground receivers to pinpoint their geographic location
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What is a geographic information system (GIS)?
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designed to work with info that can be shown on a map
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What is an RFID tag?
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contains a microchip & an antenna
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Which of the following is not a component of a RFID architecture?
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Store
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What is Bluetooth's max range?
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30 feet
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Which of the following is NOT a primary difference between traditional satellites & low-orbit satellites?
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Consumes more power
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What are wireless mobile content services that provide location-specific info to mobile users moving from location to location?
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LBS (location based service)
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Which of the following is considered a location based services market segment?
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All of these a. emergency services b. navigation services c. tracking services
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Which of the following is not a privacy issues associated with location based info?
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identity theft
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Which of the following is a common GIS use?
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All of these a. info alerts b. routing info c. finding what is nearby
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What is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access?
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WiMAX
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What are the 2 components of a WiMAX system?
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WiMAX tower, WiMAX receiver
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit of WiMAX?
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Low bandwidth
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Which of the following represents an unusual use of RFID?
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All of these a. preventing toilets from overflowing b. identifying human remains c. timing athletic events
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What are the technologies available to help prevent & build resistance to attacks?
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content filtering, encryption, firewalls
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What attacks computer systems by transmitting a virus hoax, with a real virus attached?
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Hoaxes
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What floods a website with so many requests for service that is slows down or crashes the site?
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Denial-of-service attack (DOS)
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What identifies the rules required to maintain info security?
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Information security policies
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What includes a variety of threats such as viruses, worms, & Trojan horses?
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malicious code
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What is a device that is around the same size as a credit card, containing embedded technologies that can store info & small amounts of software to perform some limited processing?
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Smart card
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What is a method for confirming users' identities?
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Authentication
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What is a type of virus that spreads itself, not just file to file, but from computer to computer?
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Worm
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What is encryption?
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Scrambles info into an alternative form that requires a key or password to decrypt the info
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What is social engineering?
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Using one's social skills to trick people into revealing access credentials or other info valuable to the attacker
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What is spam?
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A form of unsolicited email
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What is the forging of the return address on an email so that the email message appears to come from someone other than the actual sender?
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Spoofing
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What is the identification of a user based on a physical characteristic, such as a fingerprint, iris, face, voice, or handwriting?
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Biometrics
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What is the most common type of defense within detection & response technologies?
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Antivirus software
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What is the most costly & intrusive form of authentication?
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Something that is part of the user such as a fingerprint or voice signature
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What i th most secure type of authentication?
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Combination of all of the above a. ...part of the user such as fingerprint/voice signature b. ...user has such as smart card/token c. ..user knows such as user ID & password
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What is the recommended way to implement info security lines of defense?
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people first, technology second
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Where do organizations typically place firewalls?
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Between the server & the internet
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Which is a virus that opens a way into the network for future attacks?
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Backdoor programs
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Which of the following authentication methods is 100% accurate?
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None of the above (nothing is 100%)
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Which of the following can be completed by encryption?
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All of these a. use a mathematical formula to convert info into some sort of code b. replace character with other characters c. switch order of characters
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Which of the following is a program or devices that can monitor data traveling over a network?
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Sniffer
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Which of the following is not considered a type of biometrics?
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None of the above face, iris, voice are all biometrics
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Which term describes legitimate users who purposely or accidentally misuse their access to the environment & cause some kind of business-affecting incident?
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Insiders
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Who are hackers with criminal intent?
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Crackers
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Who are those who seek to cause harm to other people or to destroy critical systems of information & use the Internet as a weapon of mass destruction?
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Cyberterrorists
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Who breaks into other people's computer systems & just looks around or steals & destroys info?
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Black-hat hacker
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Who finds hacking code on the Internet & click-and-points their way into systems to cause damage or spread viruses?
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Script Kiddies
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Who works at the request of the system owners to find system vulnerabilities & plug the holes?
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White-hat hackers
