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1. Why is it difficult to interpret the effects of a change in the physical work environment that has led to an increase in productivity?

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Physical features of the workplace must be considered in light of complex psychological factors

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2. Which of the following is the major complaint made by office workers about their work environment?

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The workplace is too cold

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3. Regarding office and workplace design,

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can be related to employee satisfaction and productivity.

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4. The study of the effect of workplace design on behavior and attitudes is known as

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environmental psychology.

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5. Research on office design and layout has focused on

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communications between and within departments, flow of job tasks among groups, relationships between managers and subordinates, and work group cohesiveness.

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6. Which statement is correct regarding lighting?

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Inadequate lighting is a source of distress; Intensity varies with nature of task and age of worker (older workers require more light);Lighting should be uniformly distributed; Indirect lighting is preferable to direct lighting; Glare contributes to eyestrain and leads to errors in work within 20 minutes; Most workers prefer the presence of natural light

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7. U.S. government regulations require worker exposure to no more than

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90 db

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8. Regarding choice of room color,

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claims are not supported by empirical evidence, and there is no validity to any purported relationship between specific color and productivity, fatigue, or job satisfaction.

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9. The key to maintaining production under temperature extremes is

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Highly motivated workers are better able to function under temperature extremes than poorly motivated workers

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10. The prescribed number of hours employees are supposed to spend on the job are called

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nominal working hours

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11. When prescribed working hours are increased,

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the actual time employees spend working decrease.

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12. Flextime combines core mandatory work periods with

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elective work periods at the beginning and end of the workday.

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13. The four-day workweek has

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positive impact on satisfaction and positive impact on productivity.

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14. Research on shift work shows

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that workers are less productive on the all-night shift than on the day shift. Night shift workers are also more prone to make errors and to have more serious accidents. Reported greater levels of stress, increased exposure to adverse and risky working conditions, lower feelings of job control, less social support from supervisors, and higher levels of conflict at work.

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15. One way to reduce boredom and monotony on the job is to

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enlarge the scope of a job, to make it more complex, stimulating and challenging. The greater the change in activity during rest pauses or lunch breaks, the less disruptive will be the effects of boredom.

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16. Gender harassment

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refers to behavior that reflects an insulting, hostile and degrading attitude toward women in general.

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17. Ethnic harassment is manifested by

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overt behaviors or slurs, jokes, and derogatory comments

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18. Which of the following are considered to be advantages of telecommuting?

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Advantages include reduced overhead and absenteeism; Telecommuting is attractive to employees with dependent care problems or with disabilities

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19. OSHA was established in

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the department of labor to assure safe and healthy working conditions.

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20. The definition of an employee accident

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depends on whether the worker misses time from work.

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21. Fewer accidents occur during

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the night shift than during day shift.

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22. Psychologists who strive to match equipment requirements with human capabilities are known as

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engineer psychologists.

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23. Barling, Kelloway, and Iverson (2003) concluded that

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workers who feel more involved at work typically have fewer accidents.

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24. Human error

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is (are) responsible for most accidents.

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25. A comprehensive accident report should include which of the following?

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Precise time & location of accident;Type of job and number of employees performing it;Personal characteristics of the accident victim;Nature of the accident and known or suspected causes;Results of the accident

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26. Successful and effective accident prevention programs

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stress positive themes.

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27. Murder is the second leading cause of death on the job, but the primary cause of death for

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women.

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28. Threatening or bullying is categorized as

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workplace violence.

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29. Instrumental support

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involves directly helping employees in need.

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30. Which form of support is more effective in protecting employees from violence?

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Instrumental because it also led to a reduction in physical health problems and negative effect that resulted from aggression on the job.

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35. The typical alcoholic at work is

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a professional; high functioning

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31. Which is the best motivator for rehabilitation programs?

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Hope of retaining a job.

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32. The principle drug used in the workplace is

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marijuana.

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33. What percent of current or prospective employees has used or will use drugs?

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1 of every 10

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34. Drug users who lose their jobs only have a 5% percent success rate in rehabilitation while those who are treated while still employed have a

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80% percent success rate.

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35. The policy of barring women of childbearing age from certain jobs due to concerns about miscarriages is called

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Protective exclusion.

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36. The field of study dealing with the health effects of job stress and other aspects of employee well-being is known as

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occupational health psychology.

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37. In males, the physiological effects of stress are known

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as fight-or-flight response.

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38. In females, the physiological effect of stress is known

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as tend-and-befriend response.

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39. Which of the following are the three components of hardiness?

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Control; Commitment;Challenge

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40. Self-efficacy is

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our belief in our ability to accomplish a task.

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41. Locus of Control

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refers to one's belief about the source of rewards.

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42. those with external locus of control

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report higher levels of stress than internal locus of control.

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43. Work-family conflict is usually greater for

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women.

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44. Which strategy is used by organizations to reduce work-family conflicts?

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Reducing hours; flexible scheduling and telecommuting; Supportive supervisors; Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) absence; Maternity leave (However, highly paid women may be penalized for taking extensive leave)

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45. Work overload

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describes the common condition of overwork.

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46. Role ambiguity

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results when job responsibilities are unstructured or poorly defined.

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47. Role conflict

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results when there is a disparity between job demands and the employee's values and expectations.

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Which of the following are the four scales found on the Maslach Burnout Inventory?

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Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, Reduced sense of personal accomplishment and Personal involvement

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49. Which of the following statements about burnout is true?

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Women no more likely than men to experience burnout;Single and divorced more likely than married individuals to experience burnout;Those under 40 more likely to experience burnout;Those high in neuroticism more likely to experience burnout;Higher among external LOCs and those low in hardiness and self-esteem;

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50. Which of the following is an organizational treatment of stress in the workplace?

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Controlling the organizational climate by allowing for participation;Providing control;Defining employee roles;Eliminating work overload and underload;Providing for social support;Bringing pets to work;Providing stress-management programs; andProviding fitness programs

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Prolonged overwork and stress saps energy leading to

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physical and psychological problems

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51. Engineering psychology is also known as

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Human factors; Human engineering; Ergonomics.

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52. Human factors research has reduced the chances of being involved in a crash. Which of the following contributes to automobile safety as a consequence of such research?

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Safer automobiles, including redesigns of headlights, brake lights, and tinted windows

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53. The first individual to perform an empirical demonstration of the relationship between work tools and worker efficiency was

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F.W. Taylor.

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54. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

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were interested in the mechanics of job performance to eliminate unnecessary motion.

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55. One result of job simplification is

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increasing the ease, speed and accuracy or greater output and employees jobs are made easier.

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56. A system in which human and mechanical components operate together to perform a task is known as

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person-machine system.

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57. A limitation of using machines to perform work is that:

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Not very flexible; Cannot learn from errors; Cannot improvise; When operators only monitor, disastrous results can happen e.g., bored pilots or subway drivers.

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58. Human anthropometry is concerned with

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measurements of the physical structure of the body, including: Height - standing and sitting; Shoulder breadth; Back height;Chest depth; Foot and hand length;Knee angle.

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59. It is more appropriate to use visual presentation of information in displays when

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Message is long, difficult and abstract; Environment is too noisy for auditory signals; Auditory channels are overloaded; Multiple kinds of information to be presented simultaneously

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60. The two types of display for quantitative information are

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an along and digital

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61. The type of display for quantitative information that is read with fewest errors is

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digital diplays

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62. A check reading display are

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the simplest kind of display. Displays that tell the operator whether the system is on or off, safe, or unsafe, or operating normally, or abnormally

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63. An electronic flight information system in an aircraft is an example of a

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high-tech display.

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64. Why are auditory displays sometimes more compelling than visual displays?

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Ears always open; Multi-directional;Visual often taxed to capacity

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65. Which of the following is not a guideline for the design of controls?

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Separating controls

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66. Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding placement of controls?

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Related controls should be grouped according to size

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67. Which of the following involves designing knobs for control panels in recognizably different shapes so they can be identified by touch alone?

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Shape coding

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68. Which of the following is correct regarding human factors in everyday life?

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The use of cell phones while driving is thought to contribute to accidents. Voice activation of GPS would simplify the driver's task over manual activation. Fabric upholstery is rated as more comfortable than leather for seats. ** All the above**

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69. The cost of a robot is typically

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one-third that of the average industrial employee.

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70. According to Tabuchi (2008), Japanese management estimated that a single robot can replace

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10 human workers.

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71. John Watson

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proposed that consumer behavior could be conditioned.

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72. The nationwide survey by the American Association of Advertising Agencies found:

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54% deliberately avoided over-hyped products; 60% had more negative attitude about advertising than in past; 61% thought exposure to ads was out of control;69% were interested in ad blockers;45% felt marketing detracted from quality of life

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73. Which of the following is an advantage of online surveys over telephonic surveys?

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Online surveys growing in use due to cost effectiveness and ease of use. Cost is low, speed is fast, response rate is self-selected; geographic flexibility is excelled; quality of response is excellent

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74. A method of surveying public opinion through the paid participation of 8-12 group members is known as

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focus groups.

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75. Ernest Dichter influenced consumer research through his application of psychoanalytic techniques in the study of

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motivation research.

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76. To probe deeper motivations and uncover feelings not assessable by other techniques, some consumer psychologists recommend the use of

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in-depth interviews and projective techniques

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77. Research indicates that mothers will purchase a cereal or snack item approximately

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half of the time when demanded by their child.

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78. Neuromarketing

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involves measuring brain activity and functions in response to marketing and advertising programs.

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79. A highly accurate method for testing the effect of ads on sales is

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sales test technique.

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80. A price reduction obtained by redeeming a coupon promotes greater sales than

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does an equivalent price markdown at the store.

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81. What was the first product to use coupons?

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Coca-Cola; Asa chandler of Atlanta Georgia distributed coupons for a free glass of at his soda fountain.

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82. The goal of institutional advertising is to

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Show company is a good neighbor and public benefactor

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83. Advertising appeals can be

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positive or negative.

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84. A familiar trademark

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can facilitate advertising effectiveness because it serves as a short-hand symbol of the feelings and images associated with the product.

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85. The product's "personality" is its

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image.

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86. An ad's content featuring sexy women is

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IO 10,11,12,13,14

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