question

What is OT?

answer

Practice that uses goal-directed activity to promote independence in function

question

What is AOTA's definition of OT?

answer

"The therapeutic use of everyday life activities (occupations) with individuals or groups for the purpose of participation in roles and situations in home, school, workplace, community, and other settings. Occupational therapy services are provided for the purpose of promoting health and wellness and to those who have or are at risk for developing illness, injury, disease, disorder, condition, impairment, disability, activity limitation, or participation restriction. Occupational Therapy addresses the physical, cognitive, psychosocial, and other aspects of performance in a variety of contexts to support engagement in everyday life activities that affect health, well-being, and quality of life."

question

Occupation

answer

Activity in which one engages

question

Therapy

answer

Treatment of an illness or disability

question

Goal

answer

End toward which effort is directed

question

Activity

answer

state or condition or being involved

question

Independence

answer

State or condition of being self-reliant

question

Function

answer

Action for which a person of specifically fitted

question

OT practitioners

answer

Has more extensive education and training in theory and evaluation Master's degree and/or Clinical Doctorate degree Performing at a "professional" level

question

OTA Practitioners

answer

Works under the supervision of an OT 2 yr associates degree program Performing at a "technical" level

question

Delivery and Service

answer

Help clients engage in occupations Recipients of therapy include people who have problems in everyday activities Range of areas including but not limited to: genetic, neurological, orthopedic, musculoskeletal, immunological, and cardiac dysfunction disorders Physical, cognitive, psychological, and/o psychosocial impairments Variety of age ranges (infants to older adults)

question

Settings of OT

answer

Hospitals Inpatient, outpatient, acute Clinics Schools Client's homes Community settings Prisons Consultation within workplaces Consultation within specialty settings Hospice

question

Difference between Job and Career

answer

Job: Work...you go to make money Generally not a lot of training or formal education needed Acronym: "Just Over Broke" Meaning: requires a lot of work that does not really lead you to your "dream job" Career: Path created by you Generally require special training and allow you to build skills and experience (over time) Payoff: flexibility, responsibility, great sense of security Offer an opportunity to challenge self, nurture growth, and feel like one makes a difference in the world

question

Marketing Yourself

answer

Professional Path Organization/Schedule Communication with everyone and everything Representing yourself, the profession and CSM at all times Start now.... Sounds crazy, but if you wait till end of your didactic work, you will be consumed with exams/boards; getting a plan now will decrease stress before you graduate

question

What are you graded on?

answer

PERFORMANCE

question

Dress code for OT

answer

Khaki pants Polo shirts Closed toe shoes/tennis shoes nametag Keep in mind: Keep your nails neat, clean and short Strength of perfume Jewelry Shoes Make-up Hair

question

Adult Learner

answer

More self-directed in obtaining information Role of a doer Knows how they learn best in order to be successful Will question information More internally motivated

question

Auditory Learner

answer

"I am a 'talker'" "I like telling long stories and jokes."

question

Visual Learner

answer

"I learn best when I'm shown how to do something." "I like written directions."

question

Kinesthetic Learners

answer

"I find it hard to sit still." "I have great physical coordination."

question

Purpose of Fieldwork

answer

Provide opportunity to apply and practice skills acquired through classroom learning in OT practice setting

question

What is ACOTE?

answer

Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education Educational standards

question

What does Level I Fieldwork consist of?

answer

Enrich learning through clinical observation and selected participation in the OT process Focus is not independent performance Integrated throughout the OT curriculum Provides opportunity for clinical observation and supervised participation in diverse OT practice settings (not all in state) Fieldwork assignments

question

Level II Fieldwork

answer

IIA (OTH 674) and IIB (OTH 675) Plan to travel out of the area/state Equivalent of 24 full-time weeks (ACOTE, 2013) Entry level competency skills

question

Fieldwork Requirements

answer

Background Check Prior to Level I and Level II Health Clearance card TB test-annual Updated immunizations Drug screen CPR certification Site specific requirements Proof of medical insurance HIPAA/Blood borne pathogen training Professional Dress and Appearance Hair Nails Jewelry Tattoos Make-up Uniform/Shoes

question

Age of Enlightenment or Age of Reason

answer

1700-1899 -logical thinking was the most trustworthy way of knowing -support of the arts and sciences -common themes: goals of progress; increase tolerance, and dedication to removal of abuses of church and state (persecution and corruption) -Beginning of Industrial Revolution

question

Historical Context for 18th and 19th centuries

answer

- Mental Health and Mental Disorders -belief that life's goodness should be available for all people -previously thought: - possessed by the "devil"; - feared by society - locked away like criminals -often chained, abused and/or ignored -Concept of Moral Treatment developed

question

Moral Treatment

answer

Grounded in philosophy that all people are entitled to consideration and human compassion The movement brought the idea of "purposeful activity" to individuals with disabilities Movement Credited by: Philippe Pinel and William Turke

question

Philippe Pinel

answer

France -superintendent of asylums in Paris -ordered removal of chains from some inmates -actions repeatedly described as emblematic of the societal movement -1801 - "work treatment" which included: physical exercise, work, music, and literature

question

William Tuke

answer

- England -philanthropist and businessman -appalled by inhumane conditions he observed at an asylum and sought a more compassionate approach - 1813 approached patients with kindness and consideration -eliminated restraints and physical punishment -encouraged conditions of self control and improvement of self-esteem through participation in leisure and work activities

question

What did the participants in the Moral Treatment find?

answer

- establishing structure -engage in simple work tasks - organized activities -individualized routine schedule -personal caretaking -productive involvement By the mid 1800's the term "moral treatment" started to fade out; however many concepts of "moral treatment" continued....the practice of OT eventually emerged

question

Benjamin Rush

answer

US first physician to institute Moral Treatment practice

question

What did Moral Treatment influence?

answer

Social Services - The Hull House

question

What is the Hull House and who founded it?

answer

One of the first settlement houses in US; became the largest settlement house in US Co-founded in 1889 by Jane Adams and Ellen Gates Starr Located on west-side of Chicago Women's movement to promote education, autonomy, and break into "traditional male dominated occupations." Became a "community of university women" who provide social and educational opportunities for working class people

question

What are the 3 R's, who published them and what year?

answer

Residence, Research, and Reform Jane Adams 1882

question

Women of Hull House

answer

were active in social reform on the local, state, and national levels re: child labor, education, women's suffrage, immigration policies, worker's compensation, occupational safety, and other significant social issues

question

How long did Jane Adams run Hull House?

answer

Until her death in 1935

question

When did the Hull House Association close?

answer

Hull House Association officially closed January 2012- after 122 years of services -original building is now a museum

question

John Locke

answer

- physician and philosopher - credited with advancing many ideas that later influence the philosophy and practices of OT (including sensory learning and pragmatism)

question

Adolf Meyer

answer

-Swills-educated physician -came to US in 1892 head psychiatrist of an Illinois asylum -introduced an individualized approach to treatment -visited Hull House and was impressed -this experience influenced his thinking about connections between occupation and mental illness

question

Prehistory of OT

answer

By 1899 OT has not been established although the "seeds" of the profession have been planted However, even with the moral treatment movement, a shortage of well-trained physicians in asylums, as well as cost concerns, led to standard of care that fell short for these individuals The ideas that would come together during initial meetings for the Society for the Promotion of OT would be nurtured and applied by many other individuals in a variety of settings before it would be established in the US

question

20th century - Progressive Era

answer

(Beginning of Profession) -Assassination of President McKinley -Succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt -started the Panama Canal project -created a powerful navy -established a national park system to preserve federal lands -Other US Presidents included: President Taft and President Wilson Despite efforts for peace, US was drawn into war (WWI) Due to the war, and veterans returning home with disabilities, a huge push for rehabilitation and vocational reeducation to return back to civilian employment

question

Who's assassination was a precursor to efforts affecting general medicine and psychiatry?

answer

President McKinley (1900-1920)

question

20th century (1900-1920)

answer

Changes at the end of 19th century and into the 20th century accelerated life (i.e. transportation and new modes of communication). Until this time, individuals with a disability either got "better" or was denied competitive involvement in life. Desire for more options Increase in awareness of abilities of persons with disabilities

question

Founders of the Profession

answer

Herbert Hall George Edward Barton Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr. Eleanor Clark Slagle Susan Cox Johnson Thomas Kidner

question

Herbert Hall

answer

At the turn of the century, chronic illness and disability was on the rise -such as **TB, neurasthenia, and industrial accidents -He developed a treatment concept providing medical supervision of crafts for purpose of improving health -coined "work cure" -alternative to the "rest cure" -Physician by trade who graduated from Harvard Medical School -Not present at the founding meeting of OT; however, his work with occupational was widely recognized by the other founders -Served as President of the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy from 1920-1923

question

George Edward Barton

answer

London architect After personally experiencing a number of disabling conditions, he became determined to improve individuals quality of life. Opened up a place in NY where occupation was used as a method of treatment. Study rehabilitation and made contact with people dedicate to transforming asylums (including the individuals influenced by the Moral Treatment Movement)

question

Dr. William Rush Dunton Jr.

answer

Considered the "father of occupational therapy" -Psychiatrist who spent his career treating psychiatric patients -1910 the hospital he was working at introduced crafts to their patients -patients were expected to actively participate hospital staff performed medical procedures and structured environment -Known for his writings on the value of occupation for treatment -Published: Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nurses -Served as Treasurer and President of the National -Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy

question

Eleanor Clark Slagle

answer

-Considered the "mother of occupational therapy" -Student of social work -Studies in Chicago and the school/courses were affiliated with the Hull House and Jane Addams -1912 she asked by Adolf Meyer to direct a new occupational therapy department at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Maryland -this is were she developed the area of "Habit training" -Soon after returning to Chicago in 1914, she organized the first professional school for OT practitioners -Her home was the Associations first unofficial headquarters -She served as Executive Secretary for 14 years -In 1953, AOTA (formerly known as the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy) established the Eleanor Clark Slagle Lectureship Award --> Promoted organization growth by networking through women's clubs and establishing national office in NY

question

Susan Tracy

answer

-Nursing instructor -Trained in training nurses to utilize occupations with treatment -Her book, Studies in Invalid Occupations, is the first-known book written on occupational therapy -practical use of arts and craft activities for patients -She believed only nurses were qualified to practice occupations and tried to make it a nursing specialty. -She didn't attend the first meeting but was active serving as Chair on the Committee of Teaching Methods.

question

Susan Cox Johnson

answer

-Designer and an Arts and Crafts teacher -Later became Director of Occupations a the NY State Department of Public Charities -Occupations could be morally uplifting -Occupations could improve mental and physical state of patients -Advocate for high educational standards - training for competent practitioners versus training large number of practitioners

question

Thomas Kidner

answer

-Friend and fellow architect-teacher with George Barton -Influential in establishing a presence for OT in vocational rehabilitation and TB treatment -Constructed institutions for individuals with physical disabilities -many of the drawings had a specific area for OT -1920 US passed the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, Kidner encouraged OTs to capitalize on the opportunity -Interest in TB grew as more disabled veterans were returning to US with TB after WWI

question

What was March 15, 1917

answer

Formal "birth" of the profession of Occupational Therapy Small group of people with varied backgrounds met and produced the Certificate of Incorporation of the National Society for Promotion of Occupational Therapy The purpose was "to study and advance curative occupations for invalids and convalescents; to gather news of progress in occupational therapy and to use such knowledge to the common good; to encourage original research, to promote cooperation among occupational therapy societies, and with other agencies of rehabilitation." September 1917, 26 men and women held the first annual meeting of the organization

question

When did the US declare war into WWI?

answer

April 1917

question

What happened in May 1917?

answer

the military initiated a reconstruction program Purpose: rehab soldiers to return to either active military duty or to be employed in a civilian job.

question

What did the Military Reconstruction program include?

answer

Supervision for orthopedic professionals OT aids Physiotherapy aids Vocational evaluators

question

Where was it trialed?

answer

Walter Reed Hospital in Washington DC

question

What did the programs include?

answer

-Hundreds of women trained to be practitioners -Implemented overseas (aids sent to France) to assist in -rehab of soldiers -With NO rank, uniforms, materials, equipment or prepared work areas -Treated "shell shock" with involvement of activities -Army immediately saw improvement and requested/demanded for more services throughout the war -Supply-Demand concept: More demand means more supply which in turned mean more training needed

question

How did they meet new demands? What were the requirements and what did they consist of?

answer

-Existing schools had to add "quick training programs" -New programs had to be created to meet demands Requirements: High School diploma Some had previous training in social work, teaching or arts At the time the programs consisted of: Instruction of arts and crafts Medical lectures Hospital etiquette Practical experience (hospital or clinic)

question

What were the pros and cons of the programs?

answer

Pros: Meeting demands Expanding the fields Cons: Concern the programs will be developed too quick Concern about the proficiency of newly trained practitioners

question

What are Dunton's Principles of OT?

answer

Any activity should have a cure as its objective The activity should be interesting There should be a useful purpose other than to merely gain the patient's attention and interest The activity should preferably lead to an increase in knowledge on the patient's part Activity should be carried on with others, such as a group The occupational therapist should make a careful study of the patient and attempt to meet as many needs as possible through activity Activity should cease before the onset of fatigue Genuine encouragement should be given whenever indicated Work is much to be preferred over idleness, even when the end product of the patient's labor is of poor quality or is useless

question

How did Adolf Meyer contribute to the philosophy of OT?

answer

Not present at the first meeting Swiss Physician Came to US in 1892 Point of view became the philosophical base of OT profession Committed to holistic perspective Meaningful activity was a distinct human characteristic Philosophy of OT was later published in 1922 in first journal of the organization

question

What happened November 1918?

answer

War ended Many women who were trained for the war left the field and went back to their prior roles At least 200 reconstruction aides were serving in 20 base hospitals in France Only a small percentage of aides were actually OTs Others became OTs after the war Many of the training programs closed

question

What did federal legislations develop in the 1930s (post-war)?

answer

Vocational rehab programs

question

What were the 2 Rehab Programs they developed?

answer

-Soldiers Rehabilitation Act -Civilian Vocations Rehabilitation Act

question

Soldiers Rehabilitation Act

answer

For soldiers disabled on active duty OTs had a role helping soldiers "adjust" to industrial responsibilities in civilian life

question

Civilian Vocations Rehabilitation Act

answer

-Match funds to states on a 50-50 matching basis -Provide vocational rehab services to civilian's with physical disabilities -To apply: had to be unable due to disability to successfully gain employment -Funds were provided for vocational guidance, training, occupational adjustments, prosthetics, and placement services -Beginning of federal government's involvement in healthcare services

question

When did Eleanor Slagle promote organization growth by networking through women's clubs and establishing national office in NY?

answer

Post War Era - 1930s

question

When was Thomas Kidner instrumental in promoting OT services for TB?

answer

Post War Era - 1930s

question

When did they change the name to AOTA?

answer

1921

question

Dr. Frank H. Krusen

answer

-The rise of physical medicine and rehab as specialty of medicine influenced the practice of OT -His leadership made two disciplines merge (PT and OT) - Produces graduates who could be dually credentialed due to training programs combining theories and practice

question

What were the standards for OT in the post war era?

answer

Many schools remained open to train and recruit practitioners Training varied considerably from school to school Needed to be uniformed to advance AOTA could close the doors not meeting standards but would only endorse schools that did Prerequisites: Minimum of 1 yr With 8-9 months of medical and craft training With 3-4 months of clinical work Revisions were made twice in the 1920s but with both revisions increasing training time

question

How did the education grow?

answer

Emphasize on publication Within 5yrs, it published a journal specifically to the profession Informally known at the time as AJOT Post war allowed OT become closely coupled with medicine and the medical model of education Which led to specialization and a more scientific approach

question

When was the Great Depression?

answer

1930-1939

question

What was the "New Deal"?

answer

by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Social Security, higher taxes on wealthy, new control over banks and public utilities, and enormous work relief program for unemployed, as well as repair of public buildings

question

How did the Great Depression affect OT?

answer

Slowed the development of OT: Closing of schools Closing of departments Reduction of OT staffed positions Membership declined in associations Attention to rehab care did not re-emerge until WWII which brought similar needs like in WWI

question

When was WWII and what caused it?

answer

1939-1945 Pearl Harbor

question

What events of WWII contributed to OT?

answer

-0 military status -Few OTs were employed in the Army or in Army hospitals when WWII broke out -Due to war emergent need/causes new training courses were developed to quickly train OTs -In 1945 there was 2177 members -So in 1945, AOTA required that a person needed to successful compete an examination in order to practice as an OT -Initially a essay format -Adapted into a more objective test

question

Facts of WWII

answer

-WWII killed more people, destroyed more property, and was among the most devastating in history -16 million serving in the armed forces -More than 291,000 American deaths -Global fatalities vary by source; however, the generally accepted number exceeds 60 million lives

question

What changes were made after WWII?

answer

Neuroleptic drugs Technologies Rehabilitation Movement Federally Mandated Health Care -Domestically, 6% of world's population but produced half of the world's goods -Socially, the post-World War II era marked the start of the Cold War -Russia (communist beliefs) and US (democratic philosophies) tensions were high

question

Post WWII Facts

answer

1963 Martin Luther King's famous speech Construction of Berlin Wall Advancement of Space Science Cuban Missile Crisis Vietnam War Civil Rights Act of 1964 signed by President Johnson (LBJ) "Great Society", which was designed to reducing poverty By 1960s, healthcare had been modernized

question

Karl and Berta Bobath (1940-1959)

answer

Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) Designed originally for clients with CP Their techniques stilled utilized in OT and PT today

question

Ruth A. Robinson (1940-1959)

answer

Army colonel who helped create OT educational programs Proposed accelerated training program to meet demands

question

Margaret Rood (1940-1959)

answer

OT and PT who is credited for early theories on motor control Stressed importance of reflexes in early development Facilitation and Inhibition techniques, expanded later on by Bobaths

question

Mary Reilly (1960-1979)

answer

-Distinguished clinician in US Army Medical Corps -Occupational behavior should serve as the foundation for OT (frame of reference of occupational behavior) -Emphasized importance of occupational skills begin in children as forms of play

question

A. Jean Ayres (1960-1979)

answer

Neuroscience to practice Tools of practice Integrated sensory processing (Sensory Intergration and Praxis Tests) Theories and influence continue today

question

Gail Fidler (1960-1979)

answer

Occupation as a mean for emotional expression Studies of interpersonal theory, self-esteem, and ego development Wrote Introduction to Psychiatric Occupational Therapy with her husband

question

Ann Mosey (1960-1979)

answer

Advanced Fidler's ideas by developing the object relations/psychodynamic frame of reference Concepts integral to understanding the use of activities and groups in therapy

question

Lorna Jean King (1960-1979)

answer

Applied sensory integrative theories to persons with schizophrenia

question

Claudia Allen (1960-1979)

answer

Developed theories of cognition to guide therapy for persons with chronic mental illness Allen's Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS)

question

Elizabeth Yerxa (1960-79)

answer

Successor to Mary Reilly Emphasized the importance of advancing theory to benefit practice Take steps towards professionalism, research, focus on unique assets of the profession

question

Changes in Profession

answer

Improve overall function AOTF was founded in 1965 Promote research through financial support Expansion of knowledge due to expansion of client care needs "imported" techniques from other professions such as PT Instead of "arts and crafts" shift to more medical and scientific approach Increase of therapists working in medical and rehab services; there became shortage in psychiatric settings This led to the development of OTA (1956)

question

What happened from 1980-1999?

answer

End of the Cold War Collapse of the Soviet Union Removal of the Berlin Wall President Regan took office and the space shuttle program began Other highlights Personal computers were introduced Increase in drug and alcohol Small pox eradicated New disease, no cure (AIDS) Important legislation was passed with persons with disabilities were passed ADA, IDEA, BBA Each legislation increased the demand for OT services 1983 President Regan signed the Social Security Amendments into law Information Age Societal climate Two income families Individuals living with disabilities increasing Increase in number of individuals living over the age of 65

question

What advanced in the AOTA?

answer

Lobbying became a function of the organization Growth in the number of educational programs that offered a graduate degree 1986 separated membership and certification procedures Upon completion of all requirements, an OT practitioner is certified through NBCOT and AOTA membership is separate and voluntary

question

Florence Clark (1980-99)

answer

Completed her PhD in Education Respected scientist in OT Argued occupational science (humans as occupational beings) is appropriate academic discipline to serve as a foundation for occupational therapy practice Gained recognition for studying the effect of lifestyle-orientated activity programs for maintaining health and preventing cognitive decline in elders remain in their homes and communities

question

Gary Kielhofner

answer

Developed the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) as graduate student Over 30 years he furthered developed and refined the model Prolific scholar Published 19 textbooks Over 150 journal articles Provided feedback to 21 assessments Provided the profession with evidence to support occupation based practice and tools Bridge the gap between academics and practice Notably, he worked to help persons with HIV/AIDS re-engage in meaningful occupations and experience a quality of life

question

2000-Present

answer

2000 historically close presidential election that was decided by the Supreme Court 2001 Terrorist Attack Creation of Homeland Security Patriot Act Which suspended some civil liberties in the service of national defense Stock Market decline and eventual collapse of the market in 2008 Global warming First African-American President elected in 2008 President Obama Growth of digital communication accelerated Social Legislation during this period (Medicare Part D, ACA)

question

OT - 2000-Present

answer

Influenced by federal and state legislation Health care experts urged the country to focus on population-based approaches to deliver health care that would emphasize prevention and promotion 2007 the AOTA and AOTF pushed the agenda to emphasize the importance of providing a strong infrastructure for supporting research in OT that would demonstrate the efficacy of services 2010 Statistics based on membership: 27% school-based services/early intervention 28% hospitals 16% long term care facilities 7% homes health and community 3% mental health

question

Education of OT - 2000-Present

answer

Growth of clinical doctorate programs escalated at this time Online and hybrid programs also increased Social Networking Online social networking New digital learning technologies Advent of mobile wireless smartphones and tablets

question

M. Carolyn Baum, PhD, OTR, FAOTA

answer

President of AOTA July 2016 Amy Lamb, OTD, OTR/L, FAOTA Initiated strategic planning to develop Centennial Vision

question

Ann Wilcock

answer

Australia One of the first scholars to emphasize the idea of OT as a key contribution to population health

question

Elizabeth Townsend

answer

Canada Worked with Wilcock to develop and advance the concept of occupational justice Global influence Concept grounded in the belief that opportunities to engage in meaningful occupation are a prerequisite to health and well-being

question

Professional Philosophy

answer

-Set of values, beliefs, truths, and principles that guide the practitioners practice -Theories, models of practice, FOR, and intervention approaches are all guided by the philosophy of the practice -Defines: Nature of profession Guides actions Supports the profession's domain

question

When was the Philosophical Basis of OT adopted and reaffirmed?

answer

Adopted in 1979 and reaffirmed in 2004

question

Metaphysical component

answer

Refers to questions concerned with the nature of humankind -From beginning of OT, we have always had a holistic approach -Which is traced back to Adolf Meyer -Emphasis on the organic and functional relationship between parts and the whole being -What does that mean? -A person is a whole and if one element/subsystem is negatively affected it will disrupt and reflect on the whole -The belief of a holistic approach is a core concept of the OT profession. -Which means that evaluations and intervention planning should reflect the needs of the whole person not only parts -OT views humans as "active beings" -Humans are "actively" involved in controlling and determining their own behavior -Humans are capable of change -Humans have a continuous interaction between the person and their environment -Person's behavior influence the physical and social environment; therefore the person is affected by changes in the environment

question

Epistemology

answer

Investigates the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge Humans learn through experience - thinking, feeling, and doing OT emphasizes doing as the primary mechanism for learning and re-learning various skills This component of OT philosophy Base of understanding motivation, change, and learning

question

Occupation (Philosophy)

answer

Fulfill each individual's need for security, belonging, physiological esteem, and self-actualization Engagement and participation in occupations are essential to one's identity and well-being Refers to: The ordinary and familiar things that people do everyday Capture the meaning of "everyday life activity"

question

Classifications of Occupations

answer

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING SELF-CARE EDUCATION WORK PLAY LEISURE PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

question

Aspects of Occupations

answer

PERFORMANCE IN AREAS OF OCCUPATION PERFORMANCE SKILLS PERFORMANCE PATTERNS INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONTEXT ACTIVITY DEMANDS CLIENT FACTORS

question

Tasks

answer

Considered the basic units of behavior and are the simplest form of an action (i.e. reaching for a ball)

question

Activity

answer

Describes a general class of human actions that are goal directed

question

Occupation as a a means to an end

answer

Multiple levels Coordination between person's sensorimotor, cognitive, and psychosocial system s are necessary to engage in occupations and activities. In OT: Occupation as a means Use of specific occupation to bring about change to the client's performance Occupation as an end Desired outcome or product of intervention and derived from a person's values, experiences, and culture

question

"Knowing by doing"

answer

Persons learn to adapt Philosophical base of occupational therapy defines adaptation as: A change in function that promotes survival and self-actualization Adolf Meyer Adaptation takes part as normal developmental process, in the process of adjusting to stress or change As practitioners of OT, optimistic each individual has the potential to grow, adapt, and change

question

Axiology

answer

Concerned with the study of values What is considered just and right Client-centered care, quality of life, and ethics Client is actively involved Helps us understand the individuals idea of "quality of life." Involve client's family, significant others in the process Client-centered approach Concerned with the study of values

question

Rules of Conduct

answer

Emerged from Moral Treatment Era Value based on humanism Humanistic perceptive Values and attitudes AOTA: Core Values and Attitudes of OT Altruism, equality, freedom, justice, dignity, truth and prudence

question

Altruism

answer

Unselfish concern for the welfare of others

question

Equality

answer

Treating all individuals equally with an attitude of fairness and impartiality and respecting each individual's beliefs, values, and lifestyles in the day-to-day interaction

question

Freedom

answer

Individual's right to exercise choice

question

Justice

answer

Laws that govern the practice and to respect the legal rights of the client

question

Dignity

answer

Uniqueness of each individual is emphasized

question

Truthfulness

answer

Demonstrated through behavior that is accountable, honest, and accurate

question

Prudence

answer

Ability to demonstrate sound judgment, care and discretion

Intro to Occupational Therapy – Quiz 1 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards