Integumentary System Study Guide – Flashcards
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Epithelial Membranes
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Continuous multicellular sheets composed of at least two primary tissue types; three varieties: mucous, cutaneous or serous
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connective tissue membranes
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composed of various types of connective tissue; no epithelial cells are present
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Epidermis
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the outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates; stratified squamous epithelium
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Dermis
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second layer of skin, holding blood vessels, nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles
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Hypodermis
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Subcutaneous layer, attaches dermis to underlying tissue, adipose, areolar connective tissues (energy reserve and padding), vascular
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Stratum Corneum
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the outermost layer of the epidermis consisting of dead cells that slough off
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Stratum Germinativum
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also known as the basal cell layer, the deepest live layer of the epidermis that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for growth
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keratin
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protein that makes skin waterproof and keeps it strong
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Melanin
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dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
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Melanocytes
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cells that produce melanin
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Dermal Papillae
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Projections from dermis into epidermis. Increase surface area of the dermis and stratum germinativum. Form ridges in epidermis and form fingerprints and footprints
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Hair Follicle
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a small tubular cavity containing the root of a hair
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Hair Papillae
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cone-shaped elecations at the base of the follicle that fits into the bulb.filled with tissue that contains blood vessels and cells necessary for hair growth
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Arrector Pili
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muscle that surrounds each hair follicle; contraction may cause goose bumps
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Cuticle
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Band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate
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Sudoriferous Glands
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sweat glands
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Eccrine Glands
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glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body
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Apocrine Glands
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sweat glands found in axillary and genital region; produce thick milky secretion
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Sebaceous Glands
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oil secreting gland of the skin and hair
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Sebum
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the oily secretion of the sebaceous glands
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Tinea
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infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches; ringworm
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Warts
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benign neoplasms caused by papiloma virus
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Psoriasis
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a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches covered with scales
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Eczema
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generic term for inflammatory conditions of the skin
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis; skin cancer
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
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Melanoma
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any of several malignant neoplasms (usually of the skin) consisting of melanocytes
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first degree burn
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involves only epithelium; redness, heat (i.e. sunburn)
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second degree burn
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Has blisters, damage to the epidermis, and dermis
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third degree burns
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full thickness burn all three layers, can't regenerate
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fourth degree burn
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Damage extends through subcutaneous tissue into muscle and bone, tissue looks charred
