INFO 160 EXAM REVIEW – Flashcards
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Byte
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8 bits of data
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Bit
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short for binary digit, each bit represents a 0 or 1
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Processor speed
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measured in units of hertz
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Bit is short for
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binary digit
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computers work only with a. hexadecimal numbers b. decimal numbers c. binary numbers d. letters and symbols
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C
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a kilobyte contains approximately _____ bytes of data
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thousand
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a megabyte holds approximately ____ bytes of data
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one million
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Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. a single bit can represent a single letter b. when referring to computers, every number, letter or special character consists of a unique combination of 8 bits c. bit is short for binary digit d. everything a computer does is broken down into a series of 0s and 1s.
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A
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Which of the following is the smallest unit of measurement? a. Gigabyte b. Terabyte c. Petabyte d. Megabyte
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D
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Which of the following is the largest unit of measure? a. Megabyte b. Kilobyte c. Terabyte d. Petabyte
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D
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How many bits does it take to spell the word "yes"
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24
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Which of the following is not an example of data? a. a picture b. a report c. a sound d. a word
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B
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Two of the most important factors to consider when choosing an LCD monitor are its resolution and a. aspect ratio b. contrast c. dot pitch d. refresh rate
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A
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With a liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor, what causes images to be displayed on the screen? a. light surrounding images b. static electricity c. an electric current passing through the liquid crystal solution moving the crystals to either block the fluorescent light or let the light shine through d. Up and down movement of light
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C
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An LCD screen is composed of a fixed grid of _____ a. rays b. phosphors c. pixels d. organic materials
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C
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A printer's resolution is measured in a. ppm b. dpi c. pixels d. pdf
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B
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To accommodate HD format video, new monitors have an aspect ratio of a. 16:9 b. 5:4 c. 25:16 d. 4:3
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A
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The resolution of a monitor has to be at least ____ to play a Blu-ray movie a. 1920x1080 b. 1336x768 c. 1024x768 d. 1600x1200
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A
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contrast ratio
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the difference in light intensity between the brightest white and the darkest black colors a monitor an produce
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viewing angle
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tells how far you can move to the side, above, or below a monitor before the image quality degrades below acceptable levels
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response time
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how long it takes pixels to change colors
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resolution
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number of pixels displayed on the screen
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brightness
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measures as candelas per square meter
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What is printer speed measured in?
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ppm
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what is printer resolution measured in?
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dpi
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inkjet printers
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affordable and produce photo quality images
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all-in-one printer
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combines the functions of a printer scanner, copier, and fax into a single machine
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laser printers
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generally produce the highest quality of printouts
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The colors displayed by an LCD monitor are made by combining which of the following colors? a. red, magenta, and blue b. cyan, yellow, magenta, and black c. green, blue, and yellow d. red, blue, and green
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D
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An LCD's viewing angle is measured in___ a. inches b. megahertz c. refreshes d. degrees
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D
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a monitor's ___is a measure of the difference in light intensity between the brightest white and the darkest black colors a. brightness b. aspect ratio c. resolution d. contrast ratio
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D
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Which of the following is the largest storage space? a. hard drive b. RAM c. CPU d. cache memory
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A
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Which of the following is a portable storage device? a. CPU b. Motherboard c. flash drive d. internal hard drive
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C
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Where are the instructions stored that the computer needs when it starts up? a. cache memory b. ROM c. DVD drive d. RAM
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B
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which of the following is NOT a port that would be available on sound card? a. line input b. microphone c. ethernet d. joystick controller
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C
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cache
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stores instructions and data most often
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CPU
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the "brains" of the computer
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expansion card
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used to add sound and video to a computer
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ROM
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stores computer start up instructions
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RAM
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stores information as long as the computer is on
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Which of these is located on the motherboard? a. SSD drive b. DVD drive c. Hard drive d. RAM
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D
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Which of these is an optical storage device a. Blu-ray device b. flash drive c. external hard drive d. SSD drive
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A
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Ergonomics is an important consideration a. for all computing devices b. only for desktop computers c. only for laptop and desk computers, but never for mobile devices d. only for laptop computers
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A
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True or false: data and information are interchangeable terms
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False
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True or false: a typical CPU can complete billions of machine cycles in one second
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True
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social commerce
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uses social networks to assist in marketing and purchasing products
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e-commerce
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business conducted online
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The better business bureau seal on a website indicates
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third party verification
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The fist part of the URL, such as http indicated the set of rules, or ____ used to retrieve the specified document a. browser b. protocol c. path d. domain
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B
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Which of the following describes an IP address? a. it is referred to as a dotted quad b. it identifies a website c. it identifies any computer connecting to the internet d. all of the above
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D
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The internet was created to provide a. a secure form of communication b. a common communication means for all computers c. both A and B d. neither A or B
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C
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Freeware
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copyrighted software you can use for free
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Open source software
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a free software that is available with few licensing copyright restrictions
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Beta versions
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free of charge, they're still under development
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JPEG
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file format that produces a smaller file size
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TIFF
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uncompressed image file format
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software that is available on demand via the internet is called a. proprietary software b. productivity software c. software as a service (SaaS) d. open source software
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C
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which of the following is true about open source software? a. the program code is confidential b. the program code is subject to copyright protection c. the program can be changed and is freely distributed d. the program can be freely distributed as long as the program code is not changed
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C
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What software do I use to create a web page? a. database b. spreadsheet c. web authoring software d. both b and c
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C
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The minimum set of recommended standards for a program is known as the a. system requirements b. setup guide c. operating system d. installation specs
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A
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Which of the following is considered a benefit of using simulation programs? a. they allow users to train on software that is not installed on their systems b. they allow to prevent costly errors c. they allow users to experience potentially dangerous situations without risk d. all of the above
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D
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Which of the following is NOT necessary to do before installing beta software a. backing up your system b. creating a restore point c. defragging the hard drive d. ensuring your virus protection software is updated
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C
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to remove unnecessary files from your hard drive, you would use the ____ windows utility a. add or remove programs b. disk defragmenter c. system restore d. disk cleanup
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D
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The system restore utility can____ a. overwrite a faulty operating system b. be used to return the system to a date when everything worked properly c. quarantine and remove viruses and spyware d. remove personal data created or modified after setting the restore point
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B
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Task manager
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allows you to exit out of nonresponsive programs
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ease of access
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centralized location for assistive technology
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task scheduler
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allows you to run utilities automatically at predetermined times
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Trojan horse
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appears to be something desirable, but ends up doing something malicious to the background without your knowledge
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denial of service attack (DoS)
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an attack on the computer system launched from an unprotected computer
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logical port
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a virtual communications gateway that allows a computer to organize requests for information from other networks
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a computer program that attaches itself to another computer program and attempts to spread itself to other computers when files are exchanged is called a a. spam b. virus c. worm d. bug
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B
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a virus that is triggered when certain logical conditions are met, such as opening a file or starting a program a certain number of times is called a. worm b. logic bomb c. time bomb d. macro virus
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b
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A program that executes whenever a computer starts up, ensuring that the virus will be loaded into memory immediately, even before some virus protection programs can load is called a a. boot-sector virus b. multipartite virus c. time bomb d. logic bomb
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A
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polymorphic virus
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a virus that changes its own code to avoid detection
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encryption virus
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a program that renders your computer files unusable by compressing them
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packet filtering
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method for selectively allowing certain requests to access a port
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zombie
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a computer controlled by a hacker
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packet sniffer
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program used by hackers to look at individual packets as they travel on the internet
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network address translation
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technique of assigning hidden internal IP addresses to protect a network against hackers
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packet
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a small piece of data that travels through the internet
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botnet
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group of software programs that usually run independently on a large number of zombie computers
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a series of commands that are executed without your knowledge is a typical attribute of a ____ virus a. encryption b. time bomb c. boot-sector d. script
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C
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software that pretends your computer is infected with a virus to entice you into spending money on a solution is known as a. scareware b. trackinware c. spyware d. adware
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A
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A technique that uses illegally obtained information about individuals to perform targeted attacks in the hoped of getting them to reveal sensitive information is known as a. spear phishing b. keystroke logging c. pretexting d. logic bombing
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A
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a backup of only the files on your computing device that have been created (or changed) since the last backup is known as a. image backup b. global back up c. total backup d. incremental backup
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D
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antivirus software looks for ____ to detect viruses in files a. virus artifacts b. virus bots c. virus signatures d. virus VPNs
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C
