image of nursing; Chapter 9 – Flashcards

Gallup survey for professions noted that for honesty and ethical standards, nursing has been rated the top of the list. The image of nursing is evolving and changing with nursing being promoted and viewed as intellectual, autonomous profession that demands a high level of commitment, focus and a dedication to advancing education and scholarly.

Nursing has been identified as emerging profession. Nightingale is recognized as a nurse, statistician, and writer who b/c known for her work during the Crimean War. International Nurses Day is celebrated each year on her bday 5/12 and the pledge is used by new graduates around the world. Dombeck noted that the portrayal of nurses generally parallels the portrayal of women in the media. The first step in turning the tide of thought about gender in nursing for members of the profession to alter their own perceptions. Nurses need to be thought of as autonomous and competent decision makers w/ in their nursing practice areas. affected my media. Nurses of America, an advocate organization sponsored by the National League for Nursing (NLN), implemented a very successful program directed toward improving the image of nursing as depicted on television, on radio, in print, and on lecture circuits. Consultants were contracted to work with executives, politicians, and celebrities on presenting nursing in a positive manner. This approach reinforced the image of the modern-day professional nurse as having critical thinking, decision-making, and problemsolving skills. The American Academy of Nursing through the Raise the Voice campaign has brought nursing policy innovators to the forefront of health care policy debates. A concentrated effort by individuals and organizations is raising awareness of what nurses do and heightening the image and voice of nursing as a profession. Nurses for a Healthier Tomorrow, an alliance of 37 nursing organizations, has launched a national media campaign that demonstrates, through print and broadcast media, the many opportunities for the career of nursing. One tangible example of this effort is the website www.nursesource.org. Sigma Theta Tau International, the International honor society for nursing, is the coordinator of Nurses for a Healthier Tomorrow. The American Nurses Association published a flyer titled Every Patient Deserves a Nurse, along with other promotional materials for the lay public. The promotional message of these materials reinforces the positive image of nurses as patient advocates and critical resources both to patients and families, while also emphasizing the right of people to a safe health care environment.In 2002, the Johnson and Johnson Company developed a nationwide campaign to support the nursing profession. This program, titled "The Campaign for Nursing's Future," was developed along with health care leaders and nursing organizations such as the National Student Nurse's Association (NSNA), the American Nurse's Association (ANA), the American Organization for Nurse Executives (AONE), the National League for Nursing, and Sigma Theta Tau. The goal of this program is to increase the number of young adults entering nursing through raising the visibility of nurses of varied races, gender, and roles. The website for the campaign can be found at www.discovernursing.com. devaluation of nursing by demeaning or comical images only extends the nursing shortage and discourages ppl from entering the profession.

Pt interaction- the first 60 seconds that a pt sees a nurse, a lasting impression is formed. take a minute b4 you meet a new pt to portray confidence in your role. many health care facilities req nurses to wear uniforms that separates them from nursing asst and resp therapists. Personal interaction with the public- nursing advocacy starts with you. every nurse has the resp to educate the public about what nurses do and the amt of education and dedication it takes to be a nurse. Public speaking and community activities- speak or visit schools on career day cam stimulate interest. Participation in Political Activities- bc actively involved as a nurse lobbyist. be aware of the current health issues on the community, state, and national level. Creating a professional image incorporates effective communication skills, positive attitude, and appearance. when you 1st meet pts, family, or potential employers, your professional appearance has a impact on how they perceive you as a nurse.

Women." The nurses of the 20th and 21st centuries owe a great deal to Isabel Adams Hampton (later Isabel Hampton Robb) She was an outstanding advocate for the professionalization of nursing. In the textbook Nursing Ethics(1901), she wrote:The trained nurse, then, is no longer to be regarded as a better trained, more useful, higher class servant, but as one who has knowledge and is worthy of respect, consideration, and due recompense ... She is also essentially an instructor; part of her duties have to do with the prevention of disease and sickness, as well as the relief of suffering humanity ... These are some of the essentials in nursing by which it has become to be regarded as a profession, but there still remains much to be desired, much to work for, in order to add to its dignity and usefulness. Caplows work in the Sociology of Work in the 1950s. Caplow suggested that making a name change to clarify an area of work or practice would subsequently produce a new role. With the creation of this new role, the group would then establish a code of ethics and legal components for licensure to practice and educational control of the profession (Caplow, 1954). *This process of becoming professional was taking place in nursing in 1897 with the establishment of the ANA.*

suggested in 1926 and was not written or published until 1950s. in 2001 they updated the code and changed the name to Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. The ANA House of Delegates approved these nine provisions of the new Code of Ethics for Nurses at its June 30, 2001, meeting in Washington, DC. In July 2001 the Congress of Nursing Practice and Economics voted to accept the new language of the interpretive statements, resulting in a fully approved revised Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements, as follows: 1. The nurse, in all professional relationships, practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems. 2. The nurse's primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community. 3. The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient. 4. The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the obligation to provide optimum patient care. 5. The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth. 6. The nurse participates in establishing, maintaining, and improving health care environments and conditions of employment conducive to the provision of quality health care and consistent with the values of the profession through individual and collective action. 7. The nurse participates in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration, and knowledge development. 8. The nurse collaborates with other health professionals and the public in promoting community, national, and international efforts to meet health needs. 9. The profession of nursing, as represented by associations and their members, is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession and its practice, and for shaping social policy.

1-Profession has relevance to social values--->Does nursing exist to serve self or others? Nursing historically had its roots in true altruism with lifelong service to others. As nurses, we focus not only on the treatment component of patient care, but also on wellness and health promotion issues, as a part of our nursing practice. The goal is to shift the focus of health care so that primary prevention becomes more valued. nurses will bc impt bc of their ability 2b teachers of health promotion activities and managers of wellness, which are activities that have a impact on social values. 2-Profession has a training Educational Period---> According to Nightingale a nurses education should involve not only a theory component but also practical one. The diversity of educational pathways for nurses has stimulated debate regarding the entry practice level for RN. 3- Elements of Self-Motivation address the way in which the profession serves the pt or family and lger social system--->the Tri-Council of Nursing, along with the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, designed a "Nursing Agenda for Health Care Reform" to collectively express the views of nurses concerning health care. Endorsed by 39 major specialty nursing organizations, along with the ANA and the NLN, the Tri-Council emphasized a restructured health care system that would provide universal access to health care, direct health care expenditures toward primary care, and reduce costs. 4- Profession has a code of ethics---> nursing has ethical dimensions. was published by the ana in 1950. 5-Professional has a committment to lifelong work----> Pavalko means that a professional sees their career as more than just a stepping stone to another area of work or as a intermittent job. nursing constitutes the lgest occupation and more jobs are expected for RN that any other job. the growth is being driven by technological advances. 6-Members control their profession---> they also work under professional and legislative control. Among these controls, are the 50 state boards of nursing, which regulate the scope of nursing practice within each state and professional practice standards that are supported both at local and national levels. In 1973, the ANA wrote the first Standards of Nursing Practice and since then has had a leadership role in the development of general and many specialty nursing practice standards. Another publication by the ANA, the Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice (2003), discusses the use of nursing process and professional practice standards. The development of professional practice standards indicates to the larger social system that nursing can define and control its quality of practice. Nurses are exp to take resp for their actions and not just follow orders w/out thinking critically. Nurses practice in varied settings, and the advanced practice nurse functions in a more autonomous professional role, such as the nurse-midwife, psychiatric clinical specialist, nurse practitioner, or certified nurse educator. *advancing ones education is often paired with increased autonomy.* 7-Profession has Theoretical Framework on which Professional Practice is based---> It was not until the 1950s that nursing theory was "born." In 1952, Dr. Hildegard Peplau published a nursing model that described the importance of the "therapeutic relationship" in health and wellness. Since then, other nursing theorists such as Martha Rogers, Sister Callista Roy, Dorothea Orem, and Betty Neuman have contributed to our evolving theory based nursing science. 8-Members of a Profession have a common Identity and Distinctive Subculture---> Nurses were once identified by how they looked rather than by what they did. The nursing cap and pin reflected the nurse's school and educational background. The modern-day trend emphasizes that it is not what is worn but what is done that reflects one's role in the nursing profession. Belonging to a professional organization (ANA) helps professional nurses maintain certification and network with peers and it enhances collegiality and scholarship.

Henshaw, a noted nursing leader and researcher, a profession includes "self-regulation and autonomy with ultimate loyalty and accountability to the professional group" Eunice Cole, a past president of the ANA, described nursing as a dynamic profession that has established a code of ethics and standards of practice, education, service, and research components. Nurses represent the lgest group of HCP in the US. there are 2.8 million RN w/ the avg age of all RN increasing by about 2yrs for RN and about 1/3 is older than 50. The majority of nurses complete their initial education prep at the ADN level. about 55% of the RN workforce holds a BSN degree or higher. IOM releases a report on "The future of Nursing" initiated by Robert Wood Johnson Foundation which called for increasing # of BSN prepared nurses to 80% and dbling the population of nurses with doctoral degrees. *The key to addressing the need to advance the educational preparation of our nursing workforce is progression*

Affiliation with a nursing organization to facilitate networking with colleagues is valuable and meaningful. As a recent graduate, you will need to examine your options for joining a professional group and then demonstrate your professional commitment by active involvement. The question should be "Which ones should I join?" rather than "Should I even join an organization?" Benefits of belonging to a organization---> •Representation and influence in the legislature •Continuing education •Develop leadership skills •Resources •Personal benefits •Networking •Having a voice in the future of nursing

The ANA is identified as the professional association for registered nurses. It was through the early efforts of Isabel Hampton Robb and others that the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada was formed. Groups of 15 nursing leaders began discussions about forming a professional association. 6yrs later the ANA was formed. when you join they join the national organization along with the constituent associations at the state and local level. this method geograpically groups smaller clusters of members together according to their practice interests. current members- 180,000. in 1974 the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) a amendment to the Taft-Hartley Act allowed professional nursing organizations to be considered labor unions. The certifying organization of the ANA is the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), which has certified more than 250,000 RNs in different practice areas at both the generalist and specialist levels, along with over 75,000 advanced practice nurses (ANCC, 2007). The ANCC, a subsidiary of the ANA since 1991, identifies its mission as improving nursing practice and promoting quality health care service through several types of credentialing programs. The ANCC has created a modular approach to certification that enables the nurse to be recognized for multiple areas of expertise, not simply for competency in a core clinical specialty. There are 26 generalist care clinical specialties or advanced practice care areas. As a result of their "open door 2000" program, all qualified registered nurses, regardless of their educational preparation, can become certified as generalists in any of the following specialty areas: gerontology, medicalsurgical, pediatrics, perinatal, and psychiatric-mental health nursing.

American Nurses Foundation founded in 1955 and American Academy of Nursing founded in 1973. Affiliated with the ANA. The American Nurses Foundation was established as a tax-exempt corporation to receive money for nursing research. With the establishment of the National Nursing Research Institute, the focus has changed to one of support in the areas of policy making and research or educational activities. The AAN has a membership of more than 1,500 nursing leaders and was established as an honorary association for nurses who have made significant contributions to the nursing profession. When a nurse is elected to the AAN, she or he is called a Fellow, and the credential following the nurse's name is FAAN. *these nurses provide valuable mentorship for the new grad*

The International Council of Nurses (ICN), established in 1899, is the international organization representing professional nurses. The focus of this nursing organization is on worldwide health care and nursing issues; it meets every 4 years and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The ICN has been involved in the development of ethical guidelines for the recruitment of nurses from low-income nations.

est in 1952. b/t 1800-1900 there were 7 nursing organizations formed and joined under the collective name and function of the NLN. One of the unique features of the NLN is that both indivd and agencies are members. Community based health care and health care delivery are the center of its focus and activities. Non-nurses can also join and help fulfill its purpose of promoting the consumers voice in some nursing policies. in 1997, the NLN created a independent organization called the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC) to accredit educational and professional nursing programs. in 2013 they changed their name to Accredidation Commission for Educaton in Nursing (ASEN) to maintain cont recognition by the USDOE. This recognition by the USDOE ensures that nursing students enrolled in a accredited nursing education program continue to receive Student Aide.

mentors the professional development of future nurses and facilitates their entrance into the profession by providing educational resources, leadership opportunities, and career guidance. formed in 1952. Becoming a member of the NSNA may be viewed as a way to begin the "professional" socialization process. the quarterly journal, IMPRINT is published by the NSNA.

organized in 1986. Texas was the first state to have a chapter, which was started in 1984. Membership in the National Organization for Associate Degree Nursing (NOADN) is open to associate degree nursing graduates, educators, and students. The mission of this organization is to be the advocate for associate degree nursing education and practice while supporting advanced nursing education thru academic progression.

This organization is the national voice for university and 4-year college educational programs in nursing and has a membership of more than 500 colleges. The mission of the organization is to serve the public interest by assisting deans and directors in improving and advancing nursing education, research, and practice. This organization publishes a newsletter and a bimonthly nursing journal called the Journal of Professional Nursing.

many of the specialty organizations joined the American Board of Nursing Specialties (ABNS) in 1991. The ABNS was established to create uniformity in nursing certification; it now represents more than 25 specialty nursing organizations that promote specialty practice and address certification issues associated with specialty practice. The ABNS functions as a consumer advocate in promoting nursing certification.

International Organization- 120 around the world. Voluntary agency that is supported by contributions and plays a impt role in providing disaster relief and education in first aid and home health and in organizing volunteers to assist in hospitals and nursing homes. nurse volunteers with the red cross play a significant role in assisting those who have been affected by natural disasters.

professional organizations play a significant role in enhancing the image of nursing. Their impact is seen in both educational and practice issues for generalist and specialist nurse roles. Organizations provide a voice for nursing in policy issues and serve to unite nurses as a group of professionals.