iGCSE Computer Science – Paper 1
52 test answers
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VoIP
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Voice over Internet Protocol
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Skype
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Example of a VoIP
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alpha testing
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errors in software identified and removed inside an organisation
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beta testing
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errors in software identified and removed outside an organisation
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proprietary standard
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created and owned by a company, widely used, unofficial standard
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International Organisation for Standardisation
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ISO
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Microsoft Word document format
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Example of a proprietary standard
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industry standard
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technical standards used to specify hardware and software
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SATA and USB
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examples of industry standards
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de facto standard
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not approved officially, may be proprietary, most users use them
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QWERTY keyboard, .doc format
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examples of de facto standards
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open standard
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publically available, use at no cost
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HTML
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example of an open standard
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a bit
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a binary digit is referred to as
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a byte
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8 bits
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2^10
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bits in a kilobyte
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2^20
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bits in a megabyte
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2^30
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bits in a gigabyte
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2^40
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bits in a terabyte
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2^50
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bits in a petrabyte
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1024
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bytes in a kilobyte
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memory dump
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when memory contents are output to a printer or monitor
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in the processing, definition and presentation of text
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a mark-up language is used
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Media Access Control
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what does MAC stand for
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MAC address
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refers to a number which uniquely identifies a device on the internet
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Network Interface Card
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what does NIC stand for
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rarely
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the MAC address is ------ changed
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Universally Administered mac Address
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what does UAA stand for
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Locally Administered mac Address
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what does LAA stand for
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American Standard Code for Information Interchange
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what does ASCII stand for
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hexadecimal is being used
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what is the % sign used to denote
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simplex data transmission
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transmission in one direction only
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half-duplex data transmission
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transmission in both directions but not at the same time
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full-duplex data transmission
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transmission in both directions simultaneously
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serial data transmission
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data sent one bit at a time over a single wire or channel
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parallel data transmission
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several bits of data are sent down several wires or channels simultaneously. one wire is used to transfer each bit
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5 functions of an operating system
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1. Managing files 2. Managing user accounts 3.Controlling input and output devices 4. Error handling 5. Loading/running software and applications
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interrupt signal
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signal sent from a device/software, causes temporary stop in action eg. paper jam in a printer sends an interrupt signal
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buffers
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temporary memory areas in computers, allow the processor to continue on other tasks while the buffer holds data
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von Neumann architecture
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the idea of holding programs and data in the memory of a computer
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computed tomographic (CT) scanners
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used to create a 3D image of a solid object, using lots of 2D \"slices\"
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4 advantages of using barcodes
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1. faster checkout queues 2. easier and faster to change prices on items 3. errors in charging customers are reduced 4. better, up-to-date sales information
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asynchronous data transmission
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data being transmitted in an agreed bit pattern and sent with a control bit at each end in discrete groups
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use parity blocks
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how to parity check in a way that reveals the location of the error
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Automatic Repeat reQuest
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what does ARQ stand for
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to separate incoming groups of data
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what are control bits used to do
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synchronous data transmission
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a continuous stream of data accompanied by internally generated timing signals
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parallel data transmission
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what type of transmission is used internally in a computer system
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