IDS #2 Roosevelt Corollary-Henry Cabot Lodge – Flashcards
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Roosevelt Corollary:
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-turned Monroe Doctrine upside down
-asserted the USs right to regulate Caribbean affairs
-not a treaty but a unilateral declaration sanctions only by the USs military/economic might
-US intervened regularly in the Caribbean/Central American nations over the next 3 decades
-asserted the USs right to regulate Caribbean affairs
-not a treaty but a unilateral declaration sanctions only by the USs military/economic might
-US intervened regularly in the Caribbean/Central American nations over the next 3 decades
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General Francisco "Pancho" Villa:
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-1916: he crossed the US/Mexico border (due to US intervention in Mexican Revolution), killing 16 Americans and raiding Columbus, NM
-led to the brink of war but both governments backed off
-US had shown their intention to police Mexico as well as the Caribbean/Central America
-led to the brink of war but both governments backed off
-US had shown their intention to police Mexico as well as the Caribbean/Central America
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Allies:
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Great Britain, France, Russia
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Allies:
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Great Britain, France, Russia
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Central Powers:
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Germany, Austria-Hungary
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Lusitania:
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-British luxury line that was torpedoed by Germany, killing 1198 people, 128 who were American
-caused President Wilson to rethink neutrality
-eventually he built a billion dollar US military buildup
-caused President Wilson to rethink neutrality
-eventually he built a billion dollar US military buildup
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Unrestricted Submarine Warfare:
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war strategy used by Germany in which they launch U boats in effort to attack enemy ships
(caused Wilson to break off diplomatic relations with Germany)
(caused Wilson to break off diplomatic relations with Germany)
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Zimmerman telegram:
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-intercepted between Germany foreign secretary Arthur Zimmerman and his minister in Mexico
-urged Mexico to join the central powers
-promised that if the US entered the war, Germany would help Mexico recover the territory of NM, TX, AZ
-led to changing US opinion of war neutrality
-urged Mexico to join the central powers
-promised that if the US entered the war, Germany would help Mexico recover the territory of NM, TX, AZ
-led to changing US opinion of war neutrality
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General John Pershing:
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chose by President Wilson to head the American Expeditionary Force
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American Expeditionary Forces (AEF):
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-led by John Pershing
-consisted of the US Armed Forces sent to Europe to help fight in WWI
-committed about 60,000 soldiers to support the French defense
-eventually pitted more than 1 million US soldiers against Germany, led to the end of the war
-consisted of the US Armed Forces sent to Europe to help fight in WWI
-committed about 60,000 soldiers to support the French defense
-eventually pitted more than 1 million US soldiers against Germany, led to the end of the war
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War Industries Board/Bernard Baruch:
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-Baruch was a Wall Street financier/superb administrator and became head of War Industries Board
-WIB: directed military production, allocated scarce resources among industries, ordered factories to convert war production, set prices, and standardized procedures
-WIB: directed military production, allocated scarce resources among industries, ordered factories to convert war production, set prices, and standardized procedures
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National War Labor Board:
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-established an 8 hour day for war workers with time and a half pay for overtime, endorsed equal pay for women
-supports workers rights to organize
-supports workers rights to organize
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Food Administration/Herbert Hoover:
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Herbert Hoover: engineer, Republican, led the Food Administration
-Food Administration: convinced farmers to nearly double their acreage in grain (allowed for rise in food exports to Europe)
-mobilized a spirit of self denial and not mandatory rationing
-Food Administration: convinced farmers to nearly double their acreage in grain (allowed for rise in food exports to Europe)
-mobilized a spirit of self denial and not mandatory rationing
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Committee on Public Information/George Creel:
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-George Creel: journalist, head of CPI
-CPI: government propaganda agency that educated citizens about democracy, assimilating immigrants, and ending isolation of rural life
-tried to blanket the US in war patriotism and pressure immigrants into becoming 100% American
-CPI: government propaganda agency that educated citizens about democracy, assimilating immigrants, and ending isolation of rural life
-tried to blanket the US in war patriotism and pressure immigrants into becoming 100% American
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Liberty Loans:
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-war bonds that were sold in the US to support the allied causes in WWI
-symbol of patriotic duty and introduced idea of financial securities
-symbol of patriotic duty and introduced idea of financial securities
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Selective Service Act:
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authorized federal government to raise a national army for the American entry into WWI through the compulsory enlistment of people
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American Protective League:
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organization of private citizens that worked with law enforcement agencies during WWI to identify suspected German sympathizers and to curb the actives of radicals, anti-war anarchists, and left wing labor/political organizations
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Espionage (1917) and Sedition (1918) Acts:
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Espionage: defined treason loosely, led to the conviction of 1000+ people
Sedition: prohibited any words/behaviors that might provoke/encourage resistance against the US or promote the cause of the enemies
Sedition: prohibited any words/behaviors that might provoke/encourage resistance against the US or promote the cause of the enemies
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Schenck vs. United States
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upheld the conviction of a socialist who was jailed for circulating pamphlets that urged amy draftees to resist induction
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Great Migration:
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-period of time in which more than 40,000 African Americans moved to such cities as St. Louis, Chicago, NY, and Detroit
-due to jobs in the industry opening up because of so many men serving in the war
-due to jobs in the industry opening up because of so many men serving in the war
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Red Summer/race riots:
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-Red Summer: period of time that was marked with 100s of deaths/casualties across the US as a result of race riots
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National American Womens Suffrage Association:
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-threw itself into the war effort
-women had to prove patriotism to get vote
-promoted food conservation and emergency aid
-women had to prove patriotism to get vote
-promoted food conservation and emergency aid
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National Womans Party:
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-lead by Alice Paul
-took confrontational approach to suffrage rights
-July 1917: silently picketed the White House, was arrested, performed a hunger strike in jail, and brought attention to the suffrage movement
-took confrontational approach to suffrage rights
-July 1917: silently picketed the White House, was arrested, performed a hunger strike in jail, and brought attention to the suffrage movement
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Treaty of Versailles:
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-softened punishment for Germany, fashioned 9 new nations that were intended to protect western Europe from Russia, stated that Germany could dismantle enemy empires but couldnt make then independent nations, established British mandate of present day Israel
-huge failure
-huge failure
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Paris Peace Conference:
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-where the Treaty of Versailles was signed
-included 10,000 reps from around the globe although France, US, and Britain dominated conversation
-included 10,000 reps from around the globe although France, US, and Britain dominated conversation
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Fourteen Points:
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-Wilsons blueprint for peace that he presented a year earlier to Congress
-embodied progressivism: open diplomacy, freedom of navigation of the seas, arms reduction, removal of trade barriers, and national self-determination
-embodied progressivism: open diplomacy, freedom of navigation of the seas, arms reduction, removal of trade barriers, and national self-determination
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League of Nations/Article X:
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-would guarantee each countrys independence and territorial integrity
-would mediate disputes, supervise arms reduction, and (Article X) curb aggressive nations through collective military action
-would mediate disputes, supervise arms reduction, and (Article X) curb aggressive nations through collective military action
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Henry Cabot Lodge:
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-senator of Massachusetts who was against US involvement in European affairs
-worried that Article X would prevent the US from pursuing an independent foreign policy
-rival to President Wilson
-worried that Article X would prevent the US from pursuing an independent foreign policy
-rival to President Wilson
