Humanities Mid Term: Egyptian Religion, Ancient Mesopotamia – Flashcards
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In Ancient Egyptian religion, who was the child of Osiris and Isis?
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Horus
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What river is associated with Ancient China?
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The Yellow
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Who is the son of King David and also built the magnificent temple in Jerusalem?
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Solomon
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In Ancient Egyptian religion, this was comparable to an enduring "soul" or "life force", a concept shared by many other religions?
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ka
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This river is associated with Ancient Mesopotamia?
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Tigris River/Euphrates River
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This terms refers to the pictorial convention in which the most important figures are represented in a larger size than others?
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The Hierarchy of State
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Who is recognized as the original human arthor of the Hebrew Torah?
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Moses
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What river is associated with Ancient India?
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The Indus
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Which pair correctly identifies the subjects illustrated in the two main panels of the rectangular box known as the Standard or Ur ?
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"War" and "Peace"
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Who is considered responsible for having introduced the principle of tailon to Mesopotamian culture?
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Hammurabi
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This term refers to good and righteous conduct reflecting the cosmic moral order that underlies all existence?
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Dharma
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Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) abolished the pantheon of Egyptian gods and established a monotheistic religion.
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True
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A place or state free from worry, pain, and the external world.
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Nirvana
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A disc with dragon and phoenix figures representing the unification of eastern and western China?
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pi
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One who serves as a mouthpiece for and interpreter of Yahweh's purposes, which is understood through visions
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prophet
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In art, representations that imitate the reality in appearance of natural objects
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naturalism
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A culture that possesses the ability to organize itself thoroughly and communicates through written language
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civilization
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One who primary method of subsistence depends on hunting animals and gathering edible plants and other food stuffs from nature
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hunter-gatherer
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A culture that develops without writing and passes down stories, beliefs, values and systems by word of mouth.
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oral culture
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A scriptural father of the Hebrew people
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patriarch
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A pyramidal temple structure consisting of successive platforms with outside staircases and a shrine at the top
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ziggurat
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A story of people's origin
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creation myth
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This leader guided the Akkadians to conquer virtually all other cities in Mesopotamia and named himself "king of the Four Quarters of the World"
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Saragon
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On the Athenian Acropolis, this was considered the centerpiece?
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The Panthenon
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This term refers to the land-owning aristocrats who served as priests, magistrates, lawyers, and judges in Ancient Rome.
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Patricians
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Who is the author of the Aeneid?
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Virgil
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In Ancient Greek architecture, this order featured scrolled capitals?
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Ionic
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Who is considered the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey?
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Homer
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Ravenna's church of San Vitale includes a celebrated mosaic that features Empress Theodora with courtiers and ladies of her court. What is the empress carrying in her hand?
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Chalice of wine
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Which Christian symbol is derived from the Greek work ichthys?
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fish
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What are the Four Noble Truths among Buddhism?
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1. Life if suffering 2. This suffering has a cause, which is ignorance. 3. Ignorance can be overcome and eliminated. 4. The way to overcome this ignorance is by following the Eightfold Path of right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfullness and right concentration.
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Is the English translation for Hagia Sophia?
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Holy Wisdom
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Is translated as "surrender" or "submission"
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Islam
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This term refers to a type of burial mound which were erected by the emperor Ashoka and which served as religuaries for the Buddha's remains?
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Stupa
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This term refers to the art of producing artistic, stylized writing?
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Calligraphy
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The Christian Old Testament is known to Judiac culture as the?
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Torah
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This Ancient Egyptian leader ruled circa 3,000 BCE and is credited with unifying both Upper and Lower Egypt?
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Narmer
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This term refers to a religion that includes many gods and goddesses often associated with natural forces and realms?
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Polytheism
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In Ancient Egyptian religion, who ruled the underworld and was god of the dead?
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Osiris
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This term refers to a state ruled by a god or by a god's representative?
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Theocracy
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Which ancient Greek city-state built a towpath to drag ships over a series of rollers as an aid to those who traveled by sea?
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Corinth
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Known as the "House of Double Axes"?
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Palace of Minos
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This term refers to the portion of an Ancient Greek city-state that served as public meeting place, marketplace and civic center?
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Agora
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This term translates as "top of the city" and refers to the portion of an ancient Greek city-state that functioned as its religious center?
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Acropolis
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Who instituted the first Athenian democracy in 508 BCE?
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Kleisthenes
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Who is the author of an extensive History of the Persian Wars and is recognized as the first writer in the Western tradition who devoted himself to historical writing?
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Herodotus
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After the Hagia Sophia burned to the ground in 532, who included a giant new Hagia Sophia in his massive campaign to rebuild Constantinople?
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Justiania
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Ravenna's chuch of San Vitale included a celebrated mosiac that features Emperor Justinian, Maximian, clergy, courtiers and soldiers. What is the emperior carrying in his hand?
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paten (the bread)
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What is the Arab word for God?
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Allah
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This term refers to the practice of destroying religious images?
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Iconoclast
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This symbol is a symbol for Christ in the early Christian church?
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Good Shepherd fish - ichthys alpha and omega chi rho
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During the action of the Iliad, who is considered the greatest warrior among the Greek's battling against the Trojans?
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Achilles
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Was not among the accusations that Socrates faced when he was placed on trial?
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Stealing from the treasury
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Which ancient structure is a citadel city that depended on cyclopean masonary for its construction and was entered through a massive Lion Gate?
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The ancient city of Mycenae
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At the time of the decisive battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, who ruled the Persians?
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Darius
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Who is best remembered as the King of Troy during the action of the Iliad?
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Priam
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Following the decisive battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, who ran the 26 miles between Marathon and Athens to deliver word of the Greek victory to the anxious citizens of Athens?
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Phidippides
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What is the name of the bronze statue known as the Spear bearer, which was celebrated throughout the ancient world as a demonstration of a treatise on proportions of the human body?
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Doryphoros
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On an ancient Greek temple, the columns swell about one-third of the way up and contract again near the top. What is this characteristic called?
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entasis
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The leading character in a play or literary work
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protagonist
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Mathematically, the most beautiful of all proportions, a ratio of approximately 8:5, or more precisely , 1.618.1
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golden section
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A process of inquiry and instruction characterized by continuous question and answer dialogue designed to elicit a clear statement of knowledge supposed to be held implicity by all reasonable beings
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dialetic method
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A freestanding sculpture of a nude male youth, represents independence
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kouros
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One of the nine sister goddesses in Greek mythology who presided over song, poetry and the arts and sciences.
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muse
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Literally, "wise man"; an Ancient Greek teacher or philosopher who was committed to humanism and primarily concerned with understanding the nature of human "knowing" itself.
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sophist
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The belief in a realm of eternal perfection of pure ideas untainted by material reality.
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idealism
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Two premises from which a conclusion can be drawn
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syllogism
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Philosophically, the middle ground between any two extremes of behavior.
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golden mean
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Who provided Theseus with a weapon and thread to help him kill the Minotaur?
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Ariadne
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The classical orders of Greek architecture are?
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Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
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Strong, massive, plain
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Doric
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Slender, graceful, scrolled capitals
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Ionic
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Graceful, ornate, acanthus leaves at the top
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Corinthian
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Clothed female, serene
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kore
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"counterpoise" or "weight Shift" in Italian
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contrapposto
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Student of Socrates, recorded his ideas, idealism, wrote Allegory of the Cave
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Plato
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satyr play
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was a farce
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comedy play
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Aristophanes, Lysistrata
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tragedy play
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chorus - a group of actors speaking as one
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polis
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acropolis, agora, the golden age of Athens
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Greek term that can be translated as "virtue", and can be interpreted as "reaching one's highest potential". Be the best you can be
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arete'
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Who was the Roman rhetorician who recognized the power of the Latin language to communicate with the people?
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Cicero
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This river is associated with the city of Rome?
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The Tiber River
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Whose writings did Augustus NOT view favorably, resulting in this writer's permanent banishment from Rome?
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Ovid's
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Who was among those who stabbed Gaius Juluis Caesar on the floor of the Senate on March 15, 44 BCE?
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Marcus Junius Brutus
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This structure is associated with the oculus?
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The Panthenon
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This term refers to the "dutifulness"--a relationship that prescribed that a family and clients equally owed "total obedience" to the pater in Ancient Rome?
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pietas
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Is the wax death masks used to create the high level of naturalism in portrait busts?
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images
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This term refers to the sand that covered the floor of the Colosseum?
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arena
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This term refers to the poorer class who were the craftspeople, merchants, and laborers in Ancient Rome?
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plebians
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Who is the author or the Metamorphoses?
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Ovid
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A rounded vault formed when a round arch is extended?
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barrel vault
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A wedgeshaped stone at the top of an arch?
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keystone
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Origins of Roman culture from the north?
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Etruscans
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Firefighters and policeman?
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vigils
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Wife of Augustus?
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Livia
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First emperor of Rome?
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Caesar Augustus
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Origins of Roman culture from the south?
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Greeks
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Feared to be a tyrant?
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Julius Caesar
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Twins that were raised by a she-wolf?
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Romulus and Remus
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Coffins?
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sarcophagi
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This term refers to teaching colleges that were attached to mosques?
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madrasas
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Who translated the Hebrew Bible and the Greek books of the New Testament into Latin to form the Vulgate?
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Jerome
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Who served as bishop of Hippo and wrote Confessions and City of God?
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Augustine
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This term refers to the Islamic creed, "There is no God but Allah; Muhammad is the messenger of Allah"?
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shahadah
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Refers to a collection of Muhammad's sayings and writings about his life, all of which combine to provide a source of Islamic tradition?
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hadith
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In the typical early Christian Church, by what name was the entrance hall known?
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narthex
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In which location did Constantine convene the first ecumencial council?
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Nicaea
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What is the modern name for Constantinople?
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Istanbul
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Translated as the "Enlightened One"
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Buddha
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Refers to a chapter in the Qu'ran?
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surah
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The reconciliation of different rites and practices into a single philosophy or religion?
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sychretism
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The Buddhist diagram of the cosmos
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mandala
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A sacred invocation of the name Allah
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bismallah
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A covering worn by Muslim women that covers the wearer from head to toe and most of all the face?
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chador
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The topmost zone of the wall of a basilica containing windows
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clerestory
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The coming of God on the day of judgement
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apocalypse
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A building used for worship by Muslims
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mosque
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The design of a Christian basilica with a long arm(the nave) and three shorter arms - the apse and the arms of the transept
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Latin cross
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Anointed One
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messiah
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Worldwide council of Church leaders
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ecumencial council
