Humanities Exam #2 – Flashcards

Roman Republic (empire)

Roman Republic and Roman Imperial

Expulsion of the Etruseans from the Roman territories.

Well fathered (The upper class-Particians)

Catullus

Epicureanisum

Social War, Sulla dictatorship at Rome, Caesar Conquers Gaul, Caesar rules Rome as a dictator.

Caesar Augustus- Octavia

Virgil

One born for peace, first among equals rather then supreme ruler, spirit of peace

Concrete

Oculus- "eye" open to the sky

Juvenal

Diocletian

Abraham

The four Gospels-Matthew, Mark, Luke, John

They refused to express pictas to Roman gods so they were considered trators.

Christian writers

Christian monogram & symbol formed from the first two letters X and P of the Greek word for Christ —called also Christogram. Christ name with the greek letters Alpha and Omega.

St. Peters Basilica

Church of the Holy Sepulchre

The capital was moved to the East Constantinople where it remained powerful for centuries. Surviving the 476 AD fall of Rome and the western empire. It survived until its capital, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1453.

The Period of the Patriarchs The Period of the Exodus The Period of the Conquest The United Monarchy Divided Kingdom and Exile The Return

This redistribution of power led to increasing tensions between the patrician and plebian, which became further strained with the rise of a strong plebian middle class.

Tribal assembly and Centuriate assembly

Used art propaganda to mold public opinion & promote legitimacy as the supreme ruler of Rome with a reign of peace & prosperity. Created an image of a forever youthful emperor, portraits linked him to divinities and heros, both mythical and historical. His imperial portraits promoted his piety and military accomplishments. Art examples: Arch or Alter of piece- Huge artifact with reliefs that tell the story of what Augustus did. Primaporta- Shows with authority but barefoot like the people. Anied written- Was written to show the sword of Troy being taken from Troy. Then moving on to found Rome. Story of Romes beginnings.

1. Articulate leaders stressed the nature of the basic teachings of the Gospel 2. Even Christianity's bitterest foes praised the admirable quality of the lives of the Christians. 3. Heroism of the martyrs attracted people. 4. Christianity was a universal faith. 5. Christianity was an exclusive faith 6. Christianity was a historical faith. 7. Christianity had a particularly strong appeal to women. 8. Christianity developed a large-scale organization, something no pagan cult had. 9. The peace, security and ease of transportation provided by the PaxRomanaaided Christianity immensely. 10. The Greek Language was Universal (not in our handout)

Agape- Agape love is God's kind of love. It is seeking the welfare & betterment of another regardless of how we feel. A spiritual and selfless- model for humanity. (Actions benifit the loved one) Philao- Phileo love is a love of the affections. It is delighting to be in the presence of another, a warm feeling that comes and goes with intensity. Brotherly love. (cherish) Eros- Eros love meant physical passion; its gratification and fulfillment. It is the only kind of love that God restricts to a one-man, one-woman relationship within the bounds of marriage. Erotic love- (physical) Agape love was displayed when Jesus went to the cross and died for you and me regardless of how he felt.

Exclusive monotheism only one god exists; other gods simply do not exist, or they are false gods or demons. Ethical monotheism- Attached ethics to their religion. God demanded a particular kind of behavior as a guarantee of his continued benevolence. (Practicing benevolence and a loving attitude towards others)

In the Bible a covenant is a relationship based upon mutual commitments. It typically involves promises, obligations, and rituals. Terms testament & covenant can be used interchangeably, though covenant tends to be used for the relationship between Jews and God. A formal agreement, contract, testament, between two parties, with specific obligations on each side. covenants often promise specific benefits or blessings for people who keep the terms of the covenant; but also threaten punishments, or curses for people who break the terms of the covenant. Covenants need to be ratified formally, usually sealed with blood, and thus often involve animal sacrifices.

Similarities between the Roman Republic and U.S. government - both feature executive and legislative branches - both systems have checks and balances embedded - the head executives can be removed from power by legislators - the head executives have military responsibilities - both lead executives have veto power - the executives are charged with enforcing the laws - the legislative bodies make laws and control the budgets - written law codes exist in both societies - political divisions exist in both (Rome = patricians vs. plebeians / U.S. = citizens of a more liberal persuasion vs. citizens of a more conservative persuasion) - wealthy people are more likely to get elected - both place the authority of the state above that of the individual