HUM2210 TCC Final3 – Flashcards
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why did the Florentines drive the Medici family from the city in 1494?
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Piero was proclaimed a traitor for acquiescing to the demands of King Charles VIII of France
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Why did the Medici supporters hurl stones at Michelangelo's David as it was moved through the streets?
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They understood David's symbolism of the city standing up to tyrants.
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What were the Renaissance humanists aiming to understand?
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The nature of humanity and its relationship to the natural world.
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How did Ghiberti create a sense of real space in his design?
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By foreshortening and with diagonals.
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What is the significance of Donatello's David in terms of freestanding nude male statues, and to what does the nudity point?
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It is the first free standing male nude sculpture to appear since Roman times.
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Why did Michelangelo present Mary in his Pieta as young and beautiful instead of middle-aged?
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Her idealized beauty relates Roman catholic belief in the perpetual virginity of Mary who remained a virgin through out her life.
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What principle did Brunelleschi master and apply to his dome's design?
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Pointed arching and two domes in one.
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Why does Masaccio place the vanishing point in The Tribute Money behind Christ's head?
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To identify Christ as the frescoes most important figure.
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Why did Titian paint a sleeping dog on the foot of his Venus of Urbino's bed?
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It represents marital faithfulness and lust.
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According to the ancient Roman Vitruvius, what standard should the ideal body be eight times the size?
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The head.
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What musical interval corresponds with Vitruvius's theory of proportion?
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The octave.
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What Leonardo work illustrates Vitruvius's ideas of human and geometric perfection of proportion and symmetry?
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The study of human proportions.
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Why was Lodovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, so interested in Leonardo da Vinci?
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He created numerous types of war machinery.
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Why was Leonardo's Last Supper fresco in very bad shape today?
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He experimented with mixing oil and water which equals tempura.
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Why did Michelangelo place the Separation of Light and Darkness at the Sistine Chapels far end over the altar?
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It symbolizes viewers distance from creations goodness and truth.
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What does the scene entitled The Drunkenness of Noah represent?
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It represents the wrath of God, at wickedness of humanity and opportunity for a new beginning with Noah.
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Upon whom did Raphael model his portrait of Heraclitus, the brooding, despairing philosopher?
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Michelangelo
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What was at the heart of Luther's outrage at the Church's salvation for sale?
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Class inequity and injustice
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What did Luther claim gave him the right to post his 95 Theses on the Wittenberg church door?
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Academic freedom
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Why was Luther's translation of the New Testament into vernacular German so significant?
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People no longer had to depend on the Church for biblical interpretation.
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What did John Calvin mean by "predestination"?
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The idea that people are "elected" by God to salvation prior to coming into the world and that anyone so elected self-evidently lives in a way that God pleases.
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Why was mid-sixteenth century Geneva known as "a paradise for women"?
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They were allowed to attend the university of Geneva.
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What was the major work Gutenberg published using his printing press?
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The forty two line Bible.
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What style of writing for trying out ideas did Montaigne invent?
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personal essay
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Why did Durer place John in the forefront of his Four Apostles?
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He was Luther's favorite apostle.
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What classical literary genre did Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More revive?
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Satire
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Why did Bruges become the financial capital of the North?
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It was his home to the Medici banking Interests in the region.
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Unlike in Renaissance Italy, patronage of artists in the northern cities came from what source?
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bankers and money
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Why did Flemish painters use oil instead of the tempera paint favored by the Italian Renaissance painters?
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To create layers of paint that reflected light.
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Which of the following, pestilence, sin, famine, or death, is NOT one of the Albrecht Durer's "Four horseman of the Apocalypse"?
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Sin, instead he used conquest by war
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According to Pico della Mirandola's Oration on the Dignity of Man, what great gift makes humans "the most fortunate of living things"?
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Free will, mans greatest gift.
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In the Nobility and Excellence of Women and the Defects and Vices of Men, Lucretia Marinella claim motivated men who denigrate women?
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anger and envy
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Why did Maciavelli claim that it was better for a prince to be feared, not loved?
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Fear is a stronger motivator.
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Which of the following is not one of the popular themes in Shakespeare's romantic comedies?
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Histories?
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Why is Hamlet the most desired role and the most often performed character in the history of the English stage?
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His openness and complexities.
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What did the sale of church land enable England's Parliament to do?
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Not raises taxes
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How was London's government unique in Renaissance Europe?
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It was both self-governing and under royal rule
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Why was portraiture so popular in Tudor England?
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It showed monarchs looks through paintings.
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Why did Hans Holbein paint Thomas More with beard stubble and sagging skin?
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To emphasize More's tireless service to the King.
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Why did Henry VIII break away from Rome and start his own Church of England?
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To divorce Catherine and to take money to pay for war.
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Why did Henry order the execution of his friend Thomas More?
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He was found guilty for denying King was the Supreme head of the Church of England.
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Why did Mary I order mass executions of Protestants when she assumed the throne of England in 1553?
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She was Catholic
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Why after August 8, 1588, could Elizabeth I claim English supremacy in world affairs?
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She wanted to strengthen England's Protestants allies
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Why did Spain institute an Inquisition in 1478?
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To convert non-Christian Spaniard's.
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What did the Council of Trent decide about the use of music in the liturgy?
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The text needed to be clarified.
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How did Palestrina's Missa Pacellus conform to the Council of Trent's requirements?
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It was rejected by Protestants making it even more a Roman Catholic Council
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Why might Michelangelo in the Last judgment have included his self-portrait on the flayed skin of St. Bartholomew?
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Due to feelings of contempt being commissioned to paint.
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What human feature do many Mannerist artists emphasize to draw attention to their skill?
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Hands
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Why does Bronzino paint Venus holding a golden apple in Allegory with Venus and Cupid?
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to reference the Trojan War
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What is the distinction of Cellini's Life?
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One of the first secular autobiographies.
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After the Muslims and the Jews, whom did the Spanish Inquisition seek to persecute?
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The religious mystics.
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What type of novel is Cervante's Don Quixote?
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parody, comedy, romance, and morality novel.
