Homework 4 – Flashcards

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The longest part of the alimentary canal is the ______.
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Small intestine
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Heart valve with two cusps.
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Mitral
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A blockage in the internal iliac artery would impair blood flow to all of the following EXCEPT the ______. a. pelvic organs b. medial thigh c. pelvic wall d. muscles of lower limbs and a small portion of the anterior abdominal wall e. gluteal muscles
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muscles of lower limbs and a small portion of the anterior abdominal wall
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The secretion of the seminal vesicles makes up about ______% of the volume of semen, and the secretion contains ______.
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60 / fructose, prostaglandins, substances that enhance sperm motility
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Which heart structure is located most anteriorly?
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Apex
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______ tonsils are located in the lateral walls of the fauces of the oropharynx.
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Palatine
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The region in the urinary bladder, defined by the openings of the ureters and the urethra, is called the ______.
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trigone
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The parietal cells in the stomach produce
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intrinsic factor
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The tricuspid valve is closed when
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the ventricle is in systole.
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The cardiac centers that control heart rate are located in the
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medulla oblongata of the brain stem
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Which surface of the heart is dominated by the left ventricle?
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inferior
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The heart chamber that pumps oxygenated blood around the systemic circuit is the
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left ventricle
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Parasympathetic impulses to the SA node are transmitted on this cranial nerve.
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Vagus nerve
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Which layer of blood vessels contains smooth muscle tissue?
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tunica media
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Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium.
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Pectinate muscles
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The right atrioventricular valve.
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tricuspid
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The valve located at the exit of the right ventricle.
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Pulmonary semilunar valve
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T/F: The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart.
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False
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T/F: Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart
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False
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The fibrous skeleton of the heart functions in all of these ways EXCEPT in __________. a. acting as the point of insertion for bundles of cardiac muscle in the atria and ventricles b. causing direct spread of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles c. preventing overdilation of the valve openings d. lining the heart chambers, covering the heart valves, and forming the ridge of the crista terminalis e. anchoring the valve cusps
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b. causing direct spread of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles
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The heart chamber that receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus.
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Right atrium
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The epicardium is the same as the
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visceral layer of serous pericardium
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T/F: The middle cardiac vein lies alongside the anterior interventricular artery
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False
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Semilunar valves are located between
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the ventricles and the great arteries
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Functionally, there are no valves in arteries (as opposed to in veins) because
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the blood pressure in arteries is high enough that there is no backflow of blood
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Which of the following does not add a secretion to the semen?
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corpus cavernosum
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The cusps of the valves of the heart are covered by
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endocardium
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Identify the letter that indicates the left coronary artery.
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E
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Blood moves from the left ventricle into what vessel?
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ascending aorta
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Which laryngeal cartilage is composed of elastic cartilage?
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epiglottis All other cartilages are composed of hyaline cartilage.
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Midventral erectile body that surrounds the spongy urethra.
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Corpus spongiosum
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Dorsally located bodies of erectile tissue that make up most of the mass of the penis.
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Corpora cavernosa
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Enlarged distal end of the corpus spongiosum.
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Glans penis
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Proximal ends of the corpora cavernosa; anchored to the pubic arch of the bony pelvis.
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Crura of the penis
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Are ejaculation and erection under parasympathetic or sympathetic control?
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Ejaculation is sympathetic, erection parasympathetic
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T/F: The elastic arteries are the largest arteries near the heart.
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True
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In a capillary bed, relaxation of the precapillary sphincters causes more blood to flow through
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the true capillaries
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A drop of blood returning to the heart from the head region would enter the heart through which vessel?
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the superior vena cava
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What are the components of the respiratory membrane?
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Alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basal laminae
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Which branch (or branches) of the abdominal aorta supplies the stomach?
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Celiac trunk
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Identify the most muscular chamber.
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Left ventricle The left ventricle is responsible for pumping blood out to the body. This requires a lot of force. The left ventricle is the most muscular in order to pump the blood with adequate force.
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Name the inner lining of the heart.
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Endocardium The endocardium is the smooth, slick lining of the chambers of the heart. Endocardium is a continuation of endothelium that lines blood vessels. Both endocardium and endothelium are composed of simple squamous epithelial tissue, which minimizes friction between the wall of the chamber/vessel and the blood.
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Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle.
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Bicuspid (mitral) valve
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What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve?
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Left ventricle
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Name the needle like ridges of muscle lining the ventricles.
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Trabeculae carneae
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What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position?
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Chordae tendineae
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T/F: Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed.
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True
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The wall of the uterus is composed of three basic layers: an outer perimetrium, a middle ______, and an inner endometrium
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myometrium
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The right ventricle pumps blood into which vessel?
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the pulmonary trunk
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Purkinje fibers (subendocardial branches) are __________.
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long rows of special large-diameter, cardiac cells with few myofilaments that are specialized for conduction
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Which of the following is the primary sex organ in the male?
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the testis
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Identify the structure that the red arrow is indicating.
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spongy urethra
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The terminal conducting elements in the ventricular myocardium are?
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Purkinje fibers (subendocardial branches)
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T/F: The ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of the ductus deferens and urethra.
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False
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What type of epithelium lines the lumen of the terminal bronchiole?
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simple cuboidal epithelium
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What is the function of valves in veins?
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They counteract low venous pressure, and prevent backflow of blood away from the heart.
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T/F: Contraction of the heart proceeds first on the right side of the heart and second on the left.
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False
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Collectively, the structures that attach the lungs to the mediastinum are called the ______ of the lung.
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root
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Stenosis of the mitral valve may cause blood to back up into the
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pulmonary circulation.
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The ______ is homologous to the penis, having both a glans and a body.
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clitoris
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Coronary artery that supplies the left atrium.
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circumflex artery
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The internal C-shaped crest of the right atrium which indicates the openings for the Superior vena cava and Inferior vena cava is
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crista terminalis
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What is the anatomical relationship of the true vocal folds to the false vocal folds?
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The true vocal folds are inferior to the false vocal folds.
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During which stage of the heartbeat are the atrioventricular valves closed?
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ventricular contraction (ventricular systole)
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