Flashcards on History Unit 2
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Why did Europeans of the fifteenth century want to reach the lands of East Asia?
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to trade spices and gold
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How did Gutenberg's printing press encourage interest in East Asia?
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It made printing books easier, made books more common, more people learned to read, and they became excited to explore
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Who were the first Europeans to make settlements in North America?
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The Vikings
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Why was Gutenberg's printing press such an important invention?
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Books could be printed faster and easier.
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Who was the first explorer to attempt to reach East Asia by sailing west from Europe?
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Christopher Columbus
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Why did Columbus believe he had reached Asia when he had actually traveled less than halfway there?
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Columbus believed the earth was smaller than it actually was.
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Why did many Europeans want to sail to Japan, China, and India in the fifteenth century?
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Those lands were wealthy with gold, jewels, and spices.
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What is a primary source?
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a document made by someone who actually saw an event
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Who was Moctezuma?
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Aztec leader who ruled over a mighty empire in central Mexico; couldn't decide if invading Spaniards were gods or men
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Was the Aztec Empire complex or simple?
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Complex
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Who was Ponce de Leòn?
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"Brave lion" who found gold on the island of Puerto Rico; searched for a magical fountain in Florida; died from an Indian's poisoned arrow
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Who was Fransisco Vasquez de Coronado?
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Spanish conquistador who led a well-planned expedition to find Cíbola; traveled 7,000 miles across much of the southwestern United States
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Who is DeSoto
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Conquistador who explored Florida and the southeastern United States; encouraged his men to torture, burn, and kill Indians; discovered the Mississippi River
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Who is Cortez
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Led the Spanish conquest of Mexico; with Indian allies, captured Tenochtitlán and conquered the Aztecs
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Mesoamerica
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Middle America
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Pre-Aztec Mesoamerica civilizations
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Olmecs, Toltecs, Maya
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Coronado's Route
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Western Mexico up through southwest America (Arizona, New Mexico area)
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DeSoto's Route
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Cuba to western Florida, throughout southeastern America, following the Mississippi River down to the Gulf of Mexico, and back into Mexico
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Where was the Aztec Empire?
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Mexico
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How did the conquistadors treat the Native Americans?
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They robbed them, killed them, enslaved them, took their land, and converted them to Christianity.
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What city began as a Spanish mission?
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Santa Fe
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Juan de Onate
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established the Spanish colony of Santa Fe
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If you were standing on the beach in South Carolina and facing east, what ocean would you be looking at?
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Atlantic Ocean
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What body of water do the Mississippi River and the Rio Grande flow into?
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Gulf of Mexico
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What body of water does the St. Lawrence River flow into?
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Atlantic Ocean
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Name the Great Lakes
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Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior
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What river do the Missouri River, Ohio River, and Arkansas River lead into?
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Mississippi River
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Why did the French come to America
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The French came to the Americas as explorers and pirates. Some came to build settlements and escape religious persecution. They pushed north into Canada.
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What motivated the French to explore and colonize in North America?
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gold and religious freedom
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What area was claimed by the French as of 1682?
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Nova Scotia, Canada area by the St Lawrence River
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What English monarch sponsored exploration of the New World?
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Queen Elizabeth I
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How would you characterize England's early (before 1600) attempts to colonize and settle in America? Successful or unsuccessful?
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Unsuccessful
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What were England's main motives for exploring and colonizing America?
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creating wealth and building model societies
