Flashcards on History Unit 2

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question
Why did Europeans of the fifteenth century want to reach the lands of East Asia?
answer
to trade spices and gold
question
How did Gutenberg's printing press encourage interest in East Asia?
answer
It made printing books easier, made books more common, more people learned to read, and they became excited to explore
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Who were the first Europeans to make settlements in North America?
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The Vikings
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Why was Gutenberg's printing press such an important invention?
answer
Books could be printed faster and easier.
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Who was the first explorer to attempt to reach East Asia by sailing west from Europe?
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Christopher Columbus
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Why did Columbus believe he had reached Asia when he had actually traveled less than halfway there?
answer
Columbus believed the earth was smaller than it actually was.
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Why did many Europeans want to sail to Japan, China, and India in the fifteenth century?
answer
Those lands were wealthy with gold, jewels, and spices.
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What is a primary source?
answer
a document made by someone who actually saw an event
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Who was Moctezuma?
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Aztec leader who ruled over a mighty empire in central Mexico; couldn't decide if invading Spaniards were gods or men
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Was the Aztec Empire complex or simple?
answer
Complex
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Who was Ponce de Leòn?
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"Brave lion" who found gold on the island of Puerto Rico; searched for a magical fountain in Florida; died from an Indian's poisoned arrow
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Who was Fransisco Vasquez de Coronado?
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Spanish conquistador who led a well-planned expedition to find Cíbola; traveled 7,000 miles across much of the southwestern United States
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Who is DeSoto
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Conquistador who explored Florida and the southeastern United States; encouraged his men to torture, burn, and kill Indians; discovered the Mississippi River
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Who is Cortez
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Led the Spanish conquest of Mexico; with Indian allies, captured Tenochtitlán and conquered the Aztecs
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Mesoamerica
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Middle America
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Pre-Aztec Mesoamerica civilizations
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Olmecs, Toltecs, Maya
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Coronado's Route
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Western Mexico up through southwest America (Arizona, New Mexico area)
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DeSoto's Route
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Cuba to western Florida, throughout southeastern America, following the Mississippi River down to the Gulf of Mexico, and back into Mexico
question
Where was the Aztec Empire?
answer
Mexico
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How did the conquistadors treat the Native Americans?
answer
They robbed them, killed them, enslaved them, took their land, and converted them to Christianity.
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What city began as a Spanish mission?
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Santa Fe
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Juan de Onate
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established the Spanish colony of Santa Fe
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If you were standing on the beach in South Carolina and facing east, what ocean would you be looking at?
answer
Atlantic Ocean
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What body of water do the Mississippi River and the Rio Grande flow into?
answer
Gulf of Mexico
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What body of water does the St. Lawrence River flow into?
answer
Atlantic Ocean
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Name the Great Lakes
answer
Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior
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What river do the Missouri River, Ohio River, and Arkansas River lead into?
answer
Mississippi River
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Why did the French come to America
answer
The French came to the Americas as explorers and pirates. Some came to build settlements and escape religious persecution. They pushed north into Canada.
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What motivated the French to explore and colonize in North America?
answer
gold and religious freedom
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What area was claimed by the French as of 1682?
answer
Nova Scotia, Canada area by the St Lawrence River
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What English monarch sponsored exploration of the New World?
answer
Queen Elizabeth I
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How would you characterize England's early (before 1600) attempts to colonize and settle in America? Successful or unsuccessful?
answer
Unsuccessful
question
What were England's main motives for exploring and colonizing America?
answer
creating wealth and building model societies
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