question

A banking system based on the gold standard

answer

What factor explained the hard times many American farmers were facing by the 1890s?

question

They wanted to create farmers' cooperatives.

answer

How did the Farmers' Alliance movement of the late nineteenth century initially propose solving farmers' economic problems?

question

Republicans and Democrats would not break with commercial interests.

answer

For what reasons did the Farmers' Alliance proceed in the direction of forming a third party in the late nineteenth century?

question

Conservative Americans denounced it as farfetched and communistic.

answer

How did many conservative Americans react to the Populists' proposal to establish a subtreasury system in the late nineteenth century?

question

The governor, Davis Waite and refused to send in state troopers

answer

Who supported the striking workers in the Cripple Creek, Colorado, miners' strike of 1894?

question

Alexander Berkman attempted to assassinate Henry Clay Frick.

answer

What event turned public opinion against the Homestead strikers in 1892?

question

The boycott/strike spread to more than fifteen railroads.

answer

What happened after the General Managers Association (GMA) responded to the 1893 Pullman boycott by recruiting strikebreakers and firing switchmen who supported the strike?

question

Two Chicago judges issued an injunction against the boycott. And Deb's was imprisoned

answer

Which occurrence finally ended the 1893 Pullman strike?

question

engaged in widespread political activity.

answer

The Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) demonstrated that American women in the late nineteenth century were

question

All women, regardless of race, class, or ethnicity

answer

From its inception in 1874, the Woman's Christian Temperance Union claimed to speak for whom?

question

As a disease rather than a sin

answer

How did the WCTU under the leadership of Frances Willard understand alcoholism?

question

Their homes and families

answer

Frances Willard exploited the cult of domesticity as a political tactic, arguing that women needed the vote to protect what?

question

Private charities, city government, and the stronger trade unions

answer

When the depression of 1893 put nearly half the nation's labor force out of work, what entities provided food and shelter to the unemployed?

question

Put the jobless to work building roads

answer

What did Jacob Coxey and his marchers propose that the government do to end unemployment in the spring of 1894?

question

The publication of sensationalistic newspaper reports

answer

What occurrence exacerbated middle-class fears of mass demonstrations like that of "Coxey's army" in 1894?

question

Who were the biggest losers in the presidential election of 1896?

answer

Who were the biggest losers in the presidential election of 1896?

question

isolationism and expansionism

answer

In the 1890s, American foreign policy was defined by

question

serving the nation's economic interests.

answer

Throughout the 1890s, American foreign policy was successful in

question

keep the Western Hemisphere free of foreign influences and the Eastern Hemisphere open for its own purposes.

answer

U.S. foreign policy in the 1890s showed the nation's desire to

question

Outrage over the Spanish treatment of Cuban revolutionaries

answer

What American sentiment led directly to the Spanish-American War of 1898?

question

Farmers were very receptive to the Alliance message.

answer

How did American farmers respond to the lecturers who traveled around the South recruiting for the Farmers' Alliance in the late nineteenth century?

question

They made common cause with others, despite differences of race and occupation.

answer

Which of the following describes the farmers who joined the Southern Farmers' Alliance in the late nineteenth century?

question

Populists called for government ownership of the railroads and the telegraph system.

answer

How did late nineteenth century Populists propose to reverse powerful railroads' corruption of the political system?

question

They describe it as a social movement that presented an alternative vision of American economic democracy.

answer

How do historians assess the Populist movement of the late nineteenth century?

question

The union interfered with his company's profits.

answer

What gave rise to Andrew Carnegie's desire to crush the Amalgamated Iron and Steel Workers even though he supported the idea of labor unions?

question

He sent National Guard troops to protect Carnegie's property.

answer

How did the governor of Pennsylvania respond to the "battle of Fort Frick" at the Homestead steel mill in 1892?

question

The pivotal power of the state in resolving labor conflict

answer

What was demonstrated by the success of the striking workers in the Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894?

question

The striking workers were demoralized and hopeless.

answer

What was the situation facing striking workers when the 1892 Homestead strike ended?

question

Conflict about the issues addressed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments

answer

Which factor led to the split in the woman's rights movement after the Civil War?

question

generally not supported but was no longer considered a crazy idea.

answer

By 1890, when the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association united as the National American Woman Suffrage Association, suffrage for women was

question

elections held in Colorado, Idaho, and Utah.

answer

By 1896, women had won the right to vote in

question

They fought for an expansive agenda of reform aimed at winning a range of rights for women.

answer

Which of the following offers an accurate assessment of the public careers of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony?

question

made a respectable showing by capturing more than a million votes.

answer

In the presidential election of 1892 the new Populist Party

question

Free silver

answer

Which issue split both the Democratic and Republican parties in the presidential election of 1896?

question

By replacing the conservative vice-presidential candidate

answer

How did Populists, who favored fusing with the Democrats in the 1896 presidential election, carry the day at the People's Party nominating convention?

question

remarkably high.

answer

Voter turnout in the 1896 presidential election was

question

more than 20 percent of the world's land

answer

Between 1870 and 1900, Europe's strongest powers assumed control of

question

A series of anti-foreigner uprisings

answer

What was the outcome of increased missionary activity and Western enterprise in late-nineteenth-century China?

question

The Filipinos began a seven-year battle against their new American masters.

answer

How did the Filipino revolutionaries, who had greeted the U.S. troops as liberators, react after Spain formally ceded the Philippines to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1898)?

question

Social problems created by urban industrialism

answer

On what issues did the progressive reformers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century focus their attention?

question

College-educated women

answer

Which of these groups constituted the backbone of the American settlement house movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

question

To reform society as well as individuals

answer

According to the social gospel of turn-of-the-twentieth-century Christian churches, what was the church's mission?

question

Immigrants

answer

Which of the following groups was often stigmatized and alienated by the progressive temperance movement at the turn of the twentieth century?

question

held that human evolution could advance more rapidly if men and women used their intellects to alter the environment.

answer

Reform Darwinism was a theory that

question

had the city buy the streetcar system and instituted the three-cent fare.

answer

After years of fighting unsuccessfully to reduce the streetcar fare from five cents to three cents, Mayor Thomas Loftin Johnson of Cleveland

question

The "laboratory of democracy"

answer

What phrase did progressives use to refer to the state of Wisconsin under Governor Robert La Follette's leadership?

question

The Southern Pacific Railroad

answer

Whose power did Hiram Johnson promise to challenge when he ran for governor of California in 1910?

question

Using the power of the government to control trusts

answer

What was one of Theodore Roosevelt's major ambitions when became president in 1901?

question

Roosevelt threatened to send federal troops to seize and operate the mines.

answer

How did President Roosevelt respond when a strike broke out among workers in Pennsylvania's anthracite coal industry in 1902?

question

It set a precedent by giving a government commission the power to investigate private business records and to set rates.

answer

What was the significance of the 1906 Hepburn Railway Act?

question

The U.S. backing of a Panamanian independence movement against Colombia

answer

What did the Roosevelt administration require in order to implement its decision to build a canal across the Panamanian isthmus?

question

He no longer controlled the party machinery.

answer

What made it impossible for Theodore Roosevelt to secure the Republican Party presidential nomination in 1912?

question

Use antitrust legislation to get rid of big corporations

answer

Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic candidate in the 1912 presidential election, ran under the slogan "The New Freedom" and promised to do what?

question

The Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

answer

To the dismay of some progressives, Wilson appointed conservatives to which of the following bodies?

question

He argued that the proposed measures would give "special privileges" to certain groups.

answer

How did President Wilson justify his unwillingness to support further progressive reforms?

question

cooperation.

answer

The Socialist Party's leader, Eugene V. Debs, promoted a form of socialism that advocated

question

Distribution of birth control literature and contraceptive devices

answer

What became illegal after the passage of laws promoted by New York City's commissioner of vice in the 1870s?

question

Whites who liked his accommodationist policies

answer

Whose support elevated Booker T. Washington, the president of the Tuskegee Institute, to the role of national spokesman for African Americans in 1895?

question

Equal civil rights for blacks and whites

answer

The Niagara movement, founded by W. E. b. Du Bois, a Harvard graduate and critic of Booker T. Washington, called for what reform?

question

low wages paid to working women.

answer

Progressive era social purity reformers suggested that prostitution resulted from

question

He believed employers would prefer to hire men, all things being equal

answer

Why did Samuel Gompers, the founding president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), endorse the efforts of the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL) to obtain equal pay for women workers?

question

Lobbying for protective legislation for women

answer

After the devastating fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist factory in 1911, the WTUL focused its attention on which goal?

question

Long hours endangered women and therefore the entire human race.

answer

Why did the U.S. Supreme Court reverse its previous rulings in the 1908 Muller v. Oregon case to uphold an Oregon law that limited women to a ten-hour workday?

question

Drift and Mastery

answer

Which 1914 book by Walter Lippmann called for skilled "technocrats" to manage social change and replace aimless drift with social engineering?

question

Frederick Winslow Taylor

answer

Which of these men pioneered the use of scientific management in industry?

question

reform over party loyalty.

answer

As applied in politics, progressivism emphasized

question

The direct primary

answer

As governor of California between 1911 and 1917, Hiram Johnson introduced which of the following reforms to California?

question

The American public, horrified by the details in Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle, demanded that Congress take action.

answer

What development led to Congressional passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906?

question

despite opposition from western financial interests and Congress.

answer

President Roosevelt enacted conservation measures throughout his tenure in office

question

The United States would intervene if a Latin American nation were guilty of "brutal wrongdoing."

answer

What was Theodore Roosevelt announcing to the world with his 1904 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?

question

conservative Republican.

answer

Theodore Roosevelt was surprised and disappointed when his handpicked successor, President William Howard Taft, proved to be a

question

Wilson valued the principles of limited government and states' rights.

answer

How did Woodrow Wilson's philosophy, "The New Freedom," differ from Roosevelt's philosophy, "The New Nationalism"?

question

encourage competition without government regulation.

answer

President Wilson believed that the 1914 Clayton Act would

question

The regulation of big business

answer

What was the outcome of the antitrust program that President Wilson supported in 1913 and 1914?

question

Wilson announced that the progressive movement had fulfilled its mission.

answer

How did President Wilson upset progressives in the fall of 1914?

question

The clinic drew more than 450 clients before it was shut down by police.

answer

What happened to the birth control clinic opened by Margaret Sanger in Brooklyn in October 1916?

question

By direct action and civil disobedience

answer

By what means did Alice Paul's pro-suffrage National Woman's Party (NWP) aim to win the franchise for women in 1916?

question

It was largely symbolic and ineffectual because children born in the United States to Japanese parents were U.S. citizens, and property could be purchased in their names.

answer

What was the result of the passage of the 1913 Alien Land Law, which prevented Japanese immigrants from purchasing land in California?

question

Through disenfranchising black voters

answer

How did southern progressives aim to reform the electoral system in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

question

Domestic policy

answer

In which of the following areas did Woodrow Wilson have political experience before he became president in 1912?

question

To encourage democracy and protect American investments in the Western Hemisphere

answer

What did President Wilson and his secretary of state, William Jennings Bryan, believe was the purpose of foreign policy?

question

They created new rivalries and magnified the possibility of conflict.

answer

What was the ultimate effect of the complex system of alliances developed by European diplomats to maintain a balance of power on the continent in the early twentieth century?

question

A Bosnian Serb terrorist killed the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

answer

What incident began the sequence of events that led to the outbreak of World War I on June 28, 1914?

question

prohibiting prostitution and alcohol near training camps

answer

The Military Draft Act of 1917 took the unusual step of

question

turned into a stalemate.

answer

By the time the United States entered World War I in 1917, the conflict in Europe had

question

a separate American command.

answer

After the Germans carried out a major offensive against French ports in March 1918, European military commanders agreed to give General John Pershing

question

Germany

answer

Which country suffered the greatest loss of life as a result of World War I?

question

force the federal government to assert greater control over the economy.

answer

To progressives, the American involvement in World War I seemed like an opportunity to

question

Workers' situation improved significantly.

answer

How did American workers fare during World War I?

question

prohibited the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcohol.

answer

American involvement in World War I helped to ensure the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, which

question

Suffragists linked women's voting rights to wartime national unity.

answer

How did suffragists increase popular support for their cause after the United States entered World War I?

question

To establish a new democratic world order

answer

What was the goal of President Wilson's "Fourteen Points"?

question

European leaders enthusiastically supported them.

answer

President Wilson believed that the Fourteen Points would shape the 1919 peace negotiations in Paris because

question

As a naive idealist

answer

How did the major Allied leaders regard President Wilson at the 1919 peace negotiations in Paris?

question

proposal for a clause endorsing the principle of racial equality.

answer

Democratic equality sustained a blow when the 1919 Paris peace conference refused to accept Japan's

question

Military demobilization led to unemployment, as there weren't any civilian jobs for soldiers to take.

answer

Which of the following factors explains the dismal state of postwar economy of the United States in 1919?

question

Overturning labor's wartime gains

answer

After World War I ended, American businesses responded to their workers by doing which of the following?

question

engaging in vigilante violence against radicals.

answer

In November 1919, residents of the town of Centralia, Washington, responded to the Red scare by

question

could be used to restrict free speech.

answer

The Supreme Court's 1919 decision in the Schenck v. United States case established a "clear and present danger" test that

question

The nation benefited financially from such an expansive interpretation.

answer

For what reason did the United States insist on a broad definition of neutrality after World War I broke out in 1914?

question

The practice seemed to violate how "civilized" countries should act.

answer

On what basis did the British respond negatively to the German decision to initiate submarine warfare during World War I?

question

The Zimmermann telegram

answer

Which of the following developments led President Wilson to ask Congress to approve a policy of "armed neutrality"?

question

. make the world "safe for democracy."

answer

When President Wilson asked Congress to issue a declaration of war against Germany on April 2, 1917, he stated that the goal of the war was to

question

Come together in support of the war effort

answer

What did W. E. B. Du Bois's advise black Americans to do when the U.S entered World War I?

question

little combat.

answer

In the first eight months after arriving in France in 1917, General John Pershing's American Expeditionary Force (AEF) engaged in

question

the battle of Belleau Wood.

answer

American forces followed up successes at Chteau-Thierry and Cantigny in May-June 1918 with a hard-won victory in

question

Civil War

answer

Which of the following wars did World War I surpass as the United States' deadliest conflict up to that point?

question

was a case of "the blind leading the blind."

answer

According to Wisconsin senator Robert La Follette, Woodrow Wilson's promise that World War I was a war for peace and democracy

question

Alice Paul

answer

Which one of the following women headed the radical wing of the woman suffrage movement?

question

The administration used publicity to stir up patriotism.

answer

What tactic did the Wilson administration use to suppress criticism of World War I after the U.S. entered the conflict in 1917?

question

By passing legislation allowing punishment for "disloyal" opinions

answer

How did the Wilson administration claim to be defending democracy at home between June 1917 and May 1918?

question

They believed it treated their countries of origin unfairly.

answer

What led many Americans to object to the Treaty of Versailles?

question

Lodge worried that the League of Nations would threaten the United States' independence in foreign relations

answer

On what basis did Senator Henry Cabot Lodge oppose to the Treaty of Versailles?

question

Wilson embarked on a speaking tour.

answer

How did President Wilson answer the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's proposed "reservations" for the Treaty of Versailles?

question

Defeat of the treaty

answer

What was the outcome of the Senate vote on the unamended Treaty of Versailles in March 1920?

question

The attorney general's incorrect prediction that a wave of violence would erupt on May 1, 1920

answer

What occurrence led to the Red scare's loss of credibility in May 1920?

question

Continuing discrimination

answer

Southern blacks who moved to northern cities as part of the great migration during World War I encountered what upon their arrival?

question

A rise in political action among America's ethnic Mexican population

answer

Which of the following was an important consequence of Mexican migration to the American Southwest during the World War I-era?

question

Harding's promise to return the nation to normalcy

answer

What led many Americans to vote for Warren G. Harding in the presidential election of 1920?

question

touched the highest levels of government.

answer

The scandals that plagued President Harding's administration

question

use the government to help businesses, not restrain them.

answer

President Coolidge's policy toward big business was to

question

preserving the peace without forcing the United States to join the League of Nations.

answer

The Five-Power Naval Treaty that emerged from the Washington Disarmament Conference earned President Harding acclaim for

question

Much higher productivity and profits but only slightly higher wages

answer

What was the result of the changes on the assembly line and in manufacturing management in the 1920s?

question

Increased lawlessness

answer

What was an unintended consequence of prohibition in the 1920s?

question

Working outside of the formal political system

answer

What activity formed the basis of progressive women's reform efforts ten years after the ratification of the nineteenth amendment?

question

had more but still limited opportunities

answer

Women who worked outside of the home in the 1920s

question

African Americans' economic and political independence

answer

What was the goal of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)?

question

Their political and cultural importance declined.

answer

In what ways did rural areas of the United States change during the 1920s?

question

As a menace to traditional values

answer

How did rural dwellers of the 1920s perceive America's growing cities?

question

The laws caused a large reduction in the number of southern and eastern European immigrants.

answer

How did congressional laws that imposed immigration quotas affect the population of the United States by 1924?

question

a nationwide membership.

answer

The revived Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s had

question

A successful president

answer

What sort of president were Americans expecting Herbert Hoover to be based on his performance as head of the Food Administration under President Wilson?

question

Hoover's beliefs severely handicapped his ability to respond to the nation's economic problems during his term as president.

answer

What became of Herbert Hoover's belief in the principles of self-reliance, industrial self-management, and limited federal government once he occupied the White House?

question

An unstable cycle of European debt

answer

What was the outcome of the trade policies the U.S. followed in the 1920s?

question

An imbalance of wealth

answer

Which of the following factors created a serious domestic consumption problem in the United States in the 1920s?

question

Rural areas

answer

Which areas in the United States experienced the most acute poverty during the Great Depression?

question

deporting them, regardless of their citizenship status.

answer

During the 1930s, Los Angeles County responded to the growing presence of Mexicans by

question

Women were not hit as hard by unemployment as men in the steel and automobile industries.

answer

How did white women who worked in service-sector industries fare during the Great Depression?

question

He favored formality in the White House.

answer

How did President Hoover try to express his confidence that the nation would return to prosperity during the Great Depression?

question

rejected Wilsonian internationalism but remained involved in the world economically and politically.

answer

During the 1920s, American foreign policy

question

new businesses such as fast-food restaurants and motels emerged.

answer

A consequence of the increased availability of the automobile in the 1920s was that

question

To discourage industrial workers from forming traditional labor unions

answer

What was the purpose of welfare capitalism in the 1920s?

question

advertising.

answer

During the 1920s, American culture changed as old notions of frugality were transformed by

question

The National Woman's Party

answer

Which of these groups sponsored the Equal Rights Amendment in 1923?

question

As a black ghetto with a lively nightlife

answer

How did most whites who patronized Harlem institutions in the 1920s describe the neighborhood?

question

The Spirit of St. Louis.

answer

What was the name of the plane that Charles Lindbergh flew in the first nonstop trans-Atlantic flight?

question

As blighted by cultural vapidity and greed

answer

How did the writers of the "lost generation" describe the United States of the 1920s?

question

Scandals involving the organization's leadership were widely publicized

answer

What led to the fading of the Ku Klux Klan's importance in the late 1920s?

question

The legality of a state ban on teaching Charles Darwin's theory of evolution

answer

What issue spurred the Scopes trial of 1925?

question

It upheld the law and fined John Scopes.

answer

What was the outcome of the Tennessee court's decision in the 1925 Scopes trial?

question

His Catholic faith

answer

Which of the following factors proved to be Alfred Smith's greatest vulnerability as the Democratic presidential nominee in 1928?

question

They bought stocks on margin.

answer

How did speculators contribute to the overheated market conditions that led to the 1929 stock market crash?

question

Investors panicked and began selling their overvalued stocks.

answer

How did investors respond when the stock market hesitated in the fall of 1929?

question

asking business and labor leaders to join in a voluntary plan for recovery.

answer

After the stock market crashed in October 1929, President Hoover responded by

question

helped big businesses financially.

answer

President Hoover thought the American economy would recover more swiftly if he

question

Nostalgia and optimism about the future

answer

Which of the following describes the focus of the Great Depression era's box office hits?

question

Outlaws

answer

Which group garnered greater public sympathy as a result of the Great Depression?

question

To keep farmers from delivering produce to the public

answer

For what purpose was the National Farmers' Holiday Association established?

question

Racism and segregation

answer

Which of the following issues were at the forefront of American leftists' struggles in the 1930s?

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