History of Graphic Design Ch. 10 (Meggs) – Flashcards
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Arts and Crafts Movement
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Design returned to handcrafted things with a purpose
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Arts and craft movement was a reaction against what?
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Social, moral, and artistic confusion of the industrial revolution
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The leader of the arts and crafts movement was
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William Morris
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Writer and artist who inspired the philosophy of the arts and crafts movement
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John Ruskin
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The model/ inspiration for the arts and crafts movement
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The gothic cathedral
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why did they reject the machine made things?
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with mass production came a breakdown in quality
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Architect who built Red House
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Phillip Webb
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House with function and beauty, unlike most other houses that were square during that time
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Red house
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Red house was based off ___ shaped design
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"L"
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Morris est. an art decorating firm called-
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"Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Company"
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the pattern of the arts and crafts movement
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Rose
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The press that Morris established and dedicated his life to
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Kelmscott Press
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"new classical" bring back classical art
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Neo classical
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Committed to recapturing the beauty of the Incunabula books, focus was form and function
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Kelmscott Press
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Pre-Rafielites painted ____ as their model
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Jane Morris (Morris's wife)
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like unions, kept things fair for workers, extended to religion, mininites and Amish created during this time
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guilds
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est. by Mackmurdo in 1882 in London
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The Century Guild
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Architect who was influenced by Morris and est. the Century Guild
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Mackmurdo
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Contributed several designs with swirling forms that are pure art nouveau in their execution
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The Century Guild
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Aimed to elevate the design arts to "their rightful place beside painting and sculpture" Incorporated Renaissance and Japanese design ideas Bridge between Arts and crafts and art Nouveau
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The Century Guild
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The first magazine devoted exclusively to visual arts, proclaimed their philosophy and goals, became the harbinger of the growing Arts & Crafts interest in typography, graphic design, and printing. *promoted good workmanship*
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The Hobby Horse
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Magazine created by the Century Guild
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The Hobby Horse was created by
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two presses that were so popular they started the "private press movement"
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Kelmscott Chiswick (started a movement)
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Oversaw the printing for the Hobby Horse and started the Chiswick Press
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Sir Emery Walker
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Laid out the rules for good Design, Book design is like architecture, the design should work with the whole scheme of the book
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Chiswick Press (beliefs)
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A design and printing movement advocating an aesthetic concern for the design and production of beautiful book. It sought to regain the design standards, high-quality materials, and careful workmanship of printing that existed before the Industrial Revolution.
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Private press movement
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Held exhibitions featuring demonstrations and lectures in 1888, including William Morris on tapestry weaving, Walter Crane on design and Emery Walker on book design and printing.
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Arts and crafts Exhibition Society
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famous American typeface designer, created 122 typefaces
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Fredric Goudy
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The Camelot Press The Booklet Press The Village press (were all started and abandoned by __)
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3 Presses that Goudy started and failed
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*Came up with the term "Graphic Designer"* -Goudy was his teacher -Made Caledonia which is widely used for book design
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William Addison Dwiggins
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*most important book designer of the 20th century* -very influential and setting the standard for the 20th century book -Est. the Riverside Press
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Albert Bruce Rogers
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-Worked for the ATF, redesigned Bodoni and Garamond, made "Century Schoolbook" -designed 225 typefaces -studied human perception and did tests on what is easiest to read
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Morris F. Benton
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Unified typography/printing measurements and ran out small print businesses so the industry could have a standard
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American Type Foundry (ATF)
