History- Chapter 21 – Flashcards
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What nations formed the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente?
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Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungry, Italy Triple Entente- France, Great Britian, Russia
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What did the Irish, the Poles, and Slavic minorities in the Balkans and Austria-Hungary have in common?
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They were ethnic groups that did not have states of their own.
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How did industrialization contribute to militarism in Europe?
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Industrialization led to new methods of shipping, use of iron, steel, and chemicals for weapons and the growth of mass armies in Europe.
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How did European imperialism contribute to the start of World War I?
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Competition for colonies led to conflict among European rivalries.
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Who was assassinated during a visit to Sarajevo in Bosnia?
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Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated during his visit.
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Why did Austria-Hungry seek German support before invading Bosnia?
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It suspected, rightly, that Russia would come to Bosnia's defense.
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Who ordered mobilization of troops, knowing that it would be considered an act of war?
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Czar Nicholas II of Russia ordered the mobilization of the troops.
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Where did the Schlieffen Plan call for German troops to fight?
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Schlieffen Plan called for a two-front war against the Eastern front, Russia, and the Western front, France, and called for invading France by way of Belgium.
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What nation started World War I, and what two nations escalated the conflict?
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Austria-Hungry started the world but Germany and England escalated it.
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Who was General Erich Ludendorff?
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Was a top German military commander in the later stages of World War I?
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Who were German Social Democrats, and what is the significance of November 11, 1918, in relation to the group?
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New and improved government
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What was the goal of revolutionary forces in Germany after the war? Did they achieve their goals?
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The main goal of the revolutionary forces in Germany after the war was to remove the Nazi system.
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What happened to the Austo-Hungarian Empire after the war?
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It fell to pieces after the death of Franz Joseph in 1916.
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How did President Woodrow Wilson believe lasting peace could be achieved?
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By reaching agreements openly, reducing military forces and ensuring the right of each people to have their own nation.
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What were some complications at the Paris Peace Conference, and how were they resolved?
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Many European nations had hoped to make territorial gains after the war to resolve the issues.
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What were the main provisions to the Treaty of Versailles?
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Declared that Germany was responsible for the starting of the war and ordered Germany to pay for reparations for damages.
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How did the peace settlements change Europe, and what were the long-term effects?
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Many new nations emerged from the former land of the German, Russian, and Austria-Hungarian empires.
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After the Germans were stopped at the First Battle of the Marina, both sides dug in, and trench lines stretched from ______ to the border of _______.
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English Canal, Switzerland
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Unlike the _____ Front, the war on the _____ Front was marked by mobility.
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Eastern, Western
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Germany and Austria-Hungary defeated _____ but lost _______ as an ally after the nation switched sides.
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Russia, Italy
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German and French trenches alike were fortified with _____ and _____.
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Machine guns, barbwire
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Between 1916 and 1917 ______ of men died; at the Battle of Verdun alone more than 700,000 died; the war had turned to into a deadly war of _____.
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Millions, Partrichan
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By 1915, ______ started to be used in the war; they were originally used for reconnaissance; then they attacked enemy _____.
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Airplanes, Spotting enemy targets
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The ______ Empire joined the Central Powers; _____ princes were urged to revolt against their Ottoman overlords.
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Ottoman, Arab
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______ took over several German colonies in the Pacific, and _______ seized New Guinea.
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Japan, Australia
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The sinking of the ______ and Germany's continued use of unrestricted ______ warfare brought the United States into the war in 1917.
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Lusitania, submarine
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As total war continued, governments ______ millions of young men to fight; set up price, wage, rent, and industrial controls; and _____ food.
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Drafted, Rationed
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As civilian morale sank, governments progressed from issuing propaganda to controlling _____ and _____.
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Descent, censoring
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Women's wartime contributions brought them economic _____ and won them ____ in Germany, Austria, and the United States after the war ended.
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Independence, Sufrage
