History chapter 16- Reformation in Europe – Flashcards
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The reformation was a spiritual revival that swept through europe during the __ century
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16th
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The protestant reformation was during when?
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1500s
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A movement that wanted to reform the Catholic church
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Christian Humanism
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One of the greatest christian humanists
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Erasmus
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Who wrote praise of folly?
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Erasmus
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Why was there a need for reform?
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The church was corrupt and was not meeting the spiritual needs of the people
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Whats an indulgence?
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A document sold by the church that released the bearer from all or part of the ir punishment for sin
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What did martin Luther realize?
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That there was no amount of good works that good justify a sinner before God
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Luther realized that justification was by:
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Faith alone
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What bv tells us that justification is by faith alone?
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Romans 1:17
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What became the rallying cry of the protestant reformation?
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Justification by faith alone
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Pope leo x needed money from indulgences to rebuild what?
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ST peters Basilica in Rome
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To raise money pope leo X Introduced
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The sale of indulgences
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Indulgences worked on the theory that
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The saints did more good works necessary to get them into heaven
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All the extra good works were collected in a
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Type of bank
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This type of bank was called
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Treasury of merit
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Who became the treasurer
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The pope
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When did Luther nail his 95 Theses to the church doors?
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October 31, 1517
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What were the 95 theses ?
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95 statements concerning the sale of indulgences
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What did the 95 theses become?
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A symbol pd defiance against the corruption and hypocricy in Rome
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What would begin the protestant reformation?
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The 95 theses
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What was the church trying to do in the Leipzig debate?
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Discredit Martin Luther
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Who did Luther debate?
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Johann Eck (one of their scholars)
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In the Edict of Worms Luther is declared a
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Outlaw
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Who protected Luther by hiding him?
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Frederick III
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Luthers doctrine became known as
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Lutheranism
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What was the first protestant faith,
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Lutheranism
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Church leaders saw the reformation as a __ to church power
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Challenge
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The leaders also saw the reformation as a force that disrupted the ___
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Political and social order
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What ended the religious warfare?
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The peace of augsburg
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The peace of augsburg also allowed the German states to choose between ____ and _____
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Catholocism and Lutheranism
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What are three reasons for the spread of the protestantism?
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1. Translation of the bible 2. Augsburg confession 3. Peace of augsburg
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Augsburg confession written by:
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Philip melanchthon
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What set forth the doctrines of luther?
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Augsburg confession
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Two Reformers in switzerland:
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Calvin and zwingli
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Who was the leader of reformation in switzerland?
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Ulrich zwingli
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Whi was the most famous protestant reformer beside ml?
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John calvin
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John calvin wrote:
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The institutes of the Christian Religion
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The institutes of christisn religion set forth the
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Christian doctrine in a systematic outline
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John calvin believed in
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Predestination
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Predestination
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God has already selected people to be saved and go to hell
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Biggest reformer in scotland
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John knox
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The reformation flourished even tho /
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Scotland had a catholic queen
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Catholic queen o scotland
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Mary queen of scots
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Mary stewart
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Mary queen of scots
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Mary queen was
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Not liked by the people
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Mary scot son would be
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King of england/ james
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Mary queen of scot was
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Forced to abdicate her thrown and executed bc of treason
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English reformation was influenced by 2 factors:
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1. Publication of the english bible 2. Involvement of the english family / tudor family
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Who broke with the roman church,b
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Henry VII
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Henry VII called
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The defender of faith
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Henry vii wanted
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A divorce
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Henry appointed a new archbishop who would grant him a divorce
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Thomas cranmer
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Henry had a parliament pass the
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Act of supremacy
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Act of supremacy excommunicated the
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Henry by the church
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After henry got excommunicated by the church this marked the
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Official break from rome
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After the official breaks from Rome Henry
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Was made the head of the church of England
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Edward was strongly influenced by his ____ ___
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Protestant advisors
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Edward required the
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The book of common prayer
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The book of common prayer written by
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Thomas cranmer
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The book of common prayer issued the
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Forty two articles (a statement of faith)
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The forty two articles set forth the protestant doctrines of _________ _ ____ and the sole authority of _____
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Justification by faith and sole authority of the bible
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Anabaptists strongly opposed
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Giving any power to the state
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Anabaptists believed
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The true christian church was a voluntary community of believers
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Anabaptists opposed
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Infant baptism
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Anabaptists believed in
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Rebaptisms
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During the Reformation in France french protestants were
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Fiercely persecuted
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French protestants
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Huegnots
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What killed 20,000 french protestants?
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St Bartholomew's day massacre
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The protestant reformation had a big effect on the development of ______ in europe
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Education
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Protestantism encouraged
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Marriage
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Luther married and had ____ kids
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Six kids
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If jews didnt convert they were persecuted and forced to live in
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Ghettos
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Ghettos were a
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District in the city where jews were required to live
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The catholic church became concerned when
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Large numbers of people began to leave the church
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St Bartholomew's massacre was ordered by
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Catherine de Medici
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When large numbers of people began to leave the catholic church this was called
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The Catholic Reformation
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Catholic reformation aka the
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Counter reformation
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Prefix counter means to
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Oppose
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Four measures used to stop the people from leaving the church
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1. jesuits 2.the inquisition 3. The index 4. Council of trent
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Jesuits were the
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Society of jesus
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Who founded the jesuits?
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Ignatius Loyola
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Jesuits believed it was
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All right to do wrong to accomplish something good
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Jesuits believed
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The end justifies the mean
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Jesuits became the
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Strong arm of the church
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The inquisition was used to
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Stop people from leaving the church
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Inquisition used__ to get confessions
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Torture
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Index of prohibited books was used to
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Keep people from reading certain books
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The church realized that _____ was a big impact on the reformation
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Printed word
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How many versions of the bible were on the prohibited books list?
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48
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What did the council of trent do?
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Condemned many biblical principles pf protestants
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The council set the _____ of the church
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Doctrinal position
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All catholics had to follow the
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Doctrinal position
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The council _____ the break between Catholic and Protestantism
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Sealed
