Home Page Arts And Humanities History Military History Senator Joseph Mccarthy History Chapter 15 - The Cold War - Flashcards

History Chapter 15 – The Cold War – Flashcards

Karen Combs

7 July 2022

question

Red Scare

answer

The Growing fear of communism in the United States

question

What triggered the Red Scare?

answer

-The Soviet Union detonated their first atomic bomb in August 1949 -Communist control of China

question

House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

answer

Purpose was to find out communist threats in U.S. Part of house of representatives

question

Hollywood Ten

answer

-Top writers and directors suspected of spreading communist messages through their films -refused to answer committees questions -received a jail sentence

question

Blacklisted

answer

-those in Hollywood who were discovered to be Communist or Communist sympathizers were blacklisted and would no longer be hired in the film industry -300 directors and writers blacklisted

question

Major Spy Cases

answer

Ethel and Julius Rosenburg, 1951 Alger Hiss, 1948 Klaus Fuchs, 1950

question

Joseph McCarthy

answer

-senator from Wisconsin -reputation of Americans top communist fighter -later didn't have evidence to support his claims

question

McCarthyism

answer

tactic of baseless charges and spreading fear

question

GI Bill

answer

Service Men's Readjustment Act of 1944, signed by Roosevelt

question

Features of the GI Bill

answer

-provide money for college/ job training -loans for a farm/home/business -unemployment pay of 20 per week up to a year -assistance finding jobs

question

Baby Boom

answer

-A dramatic rise in the birthrate that occurred in the next two decades after WWII -helped economy - Between 1946 and 1964

question

Election of 1948

answer

Truman had a surprising victory over Thomas Dewey, governor of New York

question

Whistle Stop Campaign

answer

-Trumans campaign across the country by train giving 350 speeches all together

question

Inflation

answer

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money

question

Cold War

answer

-lasted from 1945-1991 -An era of high tension and bitter rivalry between the Soviet Union and U.S. - A war of influence and power between communism and democracy

question

Causes of Cold War

answer

-feeling of suspicion and distrust -SU goal to spread communism and gain a buffer zone -US made efforts to resist soviet expansion

question

Satellite States

answer

Soviet-friendly communist governments in every nation in Eastern Europe esxcept Yugoslavia

question

Capitalism

answer

-citizens own private property -private individuals own factories, mines, land -private individuals keel profits from what they own

question

Iron Curtain

answer

A sharp imaginary line separating communist Eastern Europe from Capitalist Western Europe

question

Containment

answer

U.S. policy to resist Soviet attempts to expand power and influence countries falling to communism by economic or military aid.

question

Truman Doctirne

answer

" The U.S. should support free peopled throughout the world resisting takeovers by the Soviet Union." -He is for helping countries resist communism

question

Marshall Plan

answer

- 1948-1951 -European recovery program Purpose: U.S. financial aid program to rebuild Europe Amount of aid: 13.4 billion Countries receiving aid: 17 Countries received most aid: Great Britain, France, Italy Result: helped postwar economy

question

Postwar Germany: 4 zones

answer

-British zone, French zone, American zone, Soviet zone -Capital city Berlin divided into fourths -East Germany: Soviet zone, Communist -West Germany: Democratic part, free

question

Soviet Blockade

answer

-Soviets cut off electricity, increased patrol guards, and turned back vehicles heading into West Berlin from West Germany -Russians ended blockade in May 1949

question

Berlin Airlift

answer

-Aircrafts were sent from west Germany to bring supplies to West Berlin during the Soviet Blockade.

question

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 1949

answer

-initiated because of problems in Berlin -A military alliance -An attack on one of the countries was considered an attack on all.

question

Warsaw Pact (1955)

answer

Communist military alliance that formed as a result of NATO being formed. It had 8 countries and did not survive.

question

Cold War Definition

answer

An era of high tension and bitter rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States. It was a war of ideas, influence, and power.

question

8 Causes of the Cold War

answer

1. Feelings of suspicion and distrust 2. Soviet Union wanted U.S. and Great Britain to enter into World War II earlier. 3. The Soviet Union wanted to spread communism; wanted a "buffer zone." 4. U.S. efforts to resist Soviet Expansion 5. U.S. secretly developed the A- Bomb; power rivalry; arms race. 6. Soviet Union did not live up to wartime promises of free elections. 7. Different political systems. 8. Bipolarization of Europe: division of Europe between communist and democratic countries.

question

"Buffer Zone"

answer

a line of Soviet-friendly nations to separate the Soviet Union from its enemies in Western Europe.

question

European countries with communist beliefs

answer

Soviet Satellite States

question

Truman's hometown where Winston Churchill came

answer

Fulton, Missouri

question

Iron Curtain

answer

Communism created a sharp, imaginary dividing line separating communist Eastern Europe from free capitalist Western Europe.

question

Containment

answer

U.S. policy to resist Soviet attempts to expand its power and influence by giving economic aid in order to strengthen countries against falling to communism or by military aid.

question

To which two countries did the United States give $400 million first?

answer

Greece and Turkey

question

Truman Doctrine

answer

U.S. should support free people around the world who are resisting takeovers by the Soviet Union. We must assist free people t

question

Definition of the Cold War

answer

An era of high tensions and bitter rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union

question

Iron Curtain

answer

An imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War

question

Containment

answer

U.S. tactic of stopping the spread of communism through influencing countries falling to communism with economic and military aid.

question

Truman Doctrine

answer

President Truman's pledge to provide economic and military aid to countries threatened bu communism; a pledge to contain communism

question

Soviet Blockade & Berlin Airlift

answer

The Communist East Germany formed a blockade to prevent supplies from getting into west Berlin in hoped that they would surrender to communism so the capital city could be taken over by the Soviets.

question

NATO

answer

(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Created in 1949 to create a military defense alliance in the event of a future war.

question

armistice

answer

Agreement signed to cease fighting and put down arms

question

Hollywood Ten

answer

Top writers and directors who were convicted of trying to spread communist ideas through their films. They would not answer questions, and received a jail sentence.

question

Red Scare

answer

The Widespread fear of Communism

question

U.N. police action in Korean War

answer

The United Nations using force and placing troops in Korea was not considered "declaring war"

question

United Nations

answer

An international peace-keeping organization created to encourage cooperation among nations and prevent future wars.

question

Ethel and Julius Rosenburg

answer

Were convicted of being leaders of a Soviet Spy ring and received the death penalty

question

Douglas MacArthur

answer

Was the commanding general if the U.N. forces in the Korean War. Said "Old soldiers never die; they just fade away' following his firing by President Truman.

question

What was fueling the fear of communism in the late 1940s?

answer

Communist control of China, Soviets detonated their atomic bomb, Some Americans were convicted of giving secrets to soviets and convicted of being communists.

question

Dates of beginning and end of Korean War

answer

1950-1953

question

Outcome of Korean War

answer

-Boundary was pushed slightly above 38th parallel -great loss of life-armistice signed -South Korea Saved from communism -No clear winner

question

Communism

answer

Government owns everything from businesses to natural resources. Government controls all jobs, who is hired, the pay, and receives all profits. People cannot vote.

question

Result of the Marshall Plan:

answer

1. Western Europe could feed its hungry and provide jobs. 2. They could buy products from American factories. 3. The United States received strong political support in Western Europe.

question

Four zones of postwar Germany:

answer

British, French, American, Soviet. (FABS)

question

Collective Security

answer

all states cooperate collectively to provide security for all.

question

How many NATO nations are there today?

answer

question

GI Bill

answer

1. Provided money for college or job training 2. Loans for farm, home, or business 3. Unemployment pay of $20 per week up to a year 4. Assistance finding jobs

question

Which departments were created in 1947?

answer

The CIA and the NSC.

question

OPA

answer

Controlled what products American industry could make and set the prices.

question

Executive Order 9981

answer

Wiped out segregation in the armed forces.

question

Taft-Hartley Act

answer

monitors the activities and power of labor unions.

question

Inflation

answer

Rise in prices

question

Truman's Fair Deal

answer

1. Health insurance for all Americans 2. Civil rights legislation 3. Federal housing programs 4. Unemployment insurance benefits 5. Tax cuts for the poor 6. Federal funding for education 7. Increased minimum wage from 40c to 75c

question

Executive Order 9835

answer

Truman's plan to investigate all federal employees for signs of Communism.

question

Capital of South Korea

answer

Seoul

question

Domino Theory

answer

If one country falls to Communism, other in that region would fall

question

The Korean War was a _________________________, not a war.

answer

police action

question

What percent of troops in the Korean War were American?

answer

88%

question

Leader of all UN troops

answer

Duglas MacArthur

question

Port of Pusan

answer

very important place in the Korean War

question

Inchon Landing

answer

MacArthur's plan to bring 70,000 troops behind enemy lines to recapture Seoul. Pushed the North Korean troops back to North Korea

question

Over which river did 260,000 Chinese troops come?

answer

the Yalu River

question

Why was MacArthur fired?

answer

He publicly denounced Truman and threatened the Chinese.

question

Peace talks persisted for 2 years because:

answer

1. They did not know what to do with POWs 2. The dividing line had to be drawn

question

Of what did Stalin die?

answer

A brain hemhorrage

question

In which ways was the Korean War a success?

answer

-Communism was ousted -America put actions behind its words

question

In which ways was the Korean War a failure?

answer

-There was no winner -It is called the "forgotten war" because it is between two massive wars -A memorial was not built until 1995

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Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers

question

Red Scare

answer

The Growing fear of communism in the United States

question

What triggered the Red Scare?

answer

-The Soviet Union detonated their first atomic bomb in August 1949 -Communist control of China

question

House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

answer

Purpose was to find out communist threats in U.S. Part of house of representatives

question

Hollywood Ten

answer

-Top writers and directors suspected of spreading communist messages through their films -refused to answer committees questions -received a jail sentence

question

Blacklisted

answer

-those in Hollywood who were discovered to be Communist or Communist sympathizers were blacklisted and would no longer be hired in the film industry -300 directors and writers blacklisted

question

Major Spy Cases

answer

Ethel and Julius Rosenburg, 1951 Alger Hiss, 1948 Klaus Fuchs, 1950

question

Joseph McCarthy

answer

-senator from Wisconsin -reputation of Americans top communist fighter -later didn't have evidence to support his claims

question

McCarthyism

answer

tactic of baseless charges and spreading fear

question

GI Bill

answer

Service Men's Readjustment Act of 1944, signed by Roosevelt

question

Features of the GI Bill

answer

-provide money for college/ job training -loans for a farm/home/business -unemployment pay of 20 per week up to a year -assistance finding jobs

question

Baby Boom

answer

-A dramatic rise in the birthrate that occurred in the next two decades after WWII -helped economy - Between 1946 and 1964

question

Election of 1948

answer

Truman had a surprising victory over Thomas Dewey, governor of New York

question

Whistle Stop Campaign

answer

-Trumans campaign across the country by train giving 350 speeches all together

question

Inflation

answer

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money

question

Cold War

answer

-lasted from 1945-1991 -An era of high tension and bitter rivalry between the Soviet Union and U.S. - A war of influence and power between communism and democracy

question

Causes of Cold War

answer

-feeling of suspicion and distrust -SU goal to spread communism and gain a buffer zone -US made efforts to resist soviet expansion

question

Satellite States

answer

Soviet-friendly communist governments in every nation in Eastern Europe esxcept Yugoslavia

question

Capitalism

answer

-citizens own private property -private individuals own factories, mines, land -private individuals keel profits from what they own

question

Iron Curtain

answer

A sharp imaginary line separating communist Eastern Europe from Capitalist Western Europe

question

Containment

answer

U.S. policy to resist Soviet attempts to expand power and influence countries falling to communism by economic or military aid.

question

Truman Doctirne

answer

" The U.S. should support free peopled throughout the world resisting takeovers by the Soviet Union." -He is for helping countries resist communism

question

Marshall Plan

answer

question

Postwar Germany: 4 zones

answer

-British zone, French zone, American zone, Soviet zone -Capital city Berlin divided into fourths -East Germany: Soviet zone, Communist -West Germany: Democratic part, free

question

Soviet Blockade

answer

-Soviets cut off electricity, increased patrol guards, and turned back vehicles heading into West Berlin from West Germany -Russians ended blockade in May 1949

question

Berlin Airlift

answer

-Aircrafts were sent from west Germany to bring supplies to West Berlin during the Soviet Blockade.

question

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 1949

answer

-initiated because of problems in Berlin -A military alliance -An attack on one of the countries was considered an attack on all.

question

Warsaw Pact (1955)

answer

Communist military alliance that formed as a result of NATO being formed. It had 8 countries and did not survive.

question

Cold War Definition

answer

An era of high tension and bitter rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States. It was a war of ideas, influence, and power.

question

8 Causes of the Cold War

answer

question

"Buffer Zone"

answer

a line of Soviet-friendly nations to separate the Soviet Union from its enemies in Western Europe.

question

European countries with communist beliefs

answer

Soviet Satellite States

question

Truman's hometown where Winston Churchill came

answer

Fulton, Missouri

question

Iron Curtain

answer

Communism created a sharp, imaginary dividing line separating communist Eastern Europe from free capitalist Western Europe.

question

Containment

answer

U.S. policy to resist Soviet attempts to expand its power and influence by giving economic aid in order to strengthen countries against falling to communism or by military aid.

question

To which two countries did the United States give $400 million first?

answer

Greece and Turkey

question

Truman Doctrine

answer

U.S. should support free people around the world who are resisting takeovers by the Soviet Union. We must assist free people t

question

Definition of the Cold War

answer

An era of high tensions and bitter rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union

question

Iron Curtain

answer

An imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War

question

Containment

answer

U.S. tactic of stopping the spread of communism through influencing countries falling to communism with economic and military aid.

question

Truman Doctrine

answer

President Truman's pledge to provide economic and military aid to countries threatened bu communism; a pledge to contain communism

question

Soviet Blockade & Berlin Airlift

answer

The Communist East Germany formed a blockade to prevent supplies from getting into west Berlin in hoped that they would surrender to communism so the capital city could be taken over by the Soviets.

question

NATO

answer

(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Created in 1949 to create a military defense alliance in the event of a future war.

question

armistice

answer

Agreement signed to cease fighting and put down arms

question

Hollywood Ten

answer

Top writers and directors who were convicted of trying to spread communist ideas through their films. They would not answer questions, and received a jail sentence.

question

Red Scare

answer

The Widespread fear of Communism

question

U.N. police action in Korean War

answer

The United Nations using force and placing troops in Korea was not considered "declaring war"

question

United Nations

answer

An international peace-keeping organization created to encourage cooperation among nations and prevent future wars.

question

Ethel and Julius Rosenburg

answer

Were convicted of being leaders of a Soviet Spy ring and received the death penalty

question

Douglas MacArthur

answer

Was the commanding general if the U.N. forces in the Korean War. Said "Old soldiers never die; they just fade away' following his firing by President Truman.

question

What was fueling the fear of communism in the late 1940s?

answer

Communist control of China, Soviets detonated their atomic bomb, Some Americans were convicted of giving secrets to soviets and convicted of being communists.

question

Dates of beginning and end of Korean War

answer

1950-1953

question

Outcome of Korean War

answer

-Boundary was pushed slightly above 38th parallel -great loss of life-armistice signed -South Korea Saved from communism -No clear winner

question

Communism

answer

Government owns everything from businesses to natural resources. Government controls all jobs, who is hired, the pay, and receives all profits. People cannot vote.

question

Result of the Marshall Plan:

answer

1. Western Europe could feed its hungry and provide jobs. 2. They could buy products from American factories. 3. The United States received strong political support in Western Europe.

question

Four zones of postwar Germany:

answer

British, French, American, Soviet. (FABS)

question

Collective Security

answer

all states cooperate collectively to provide security for all.

question

How many NATO nations are there today?

answer

question

GI Bill

answer

1. Provided money for college or job training 2. Loans for farm, home, or business 3. Unemployment pay of $20 per week up to a year 4. Assistance finding jobs

question

Which departments were created in 1947?

answer

The CIA and the NSC.

question

OPA

answer

Controlled what products American industry could make and set the prices.

question

Executive Order 9981

answer

Wiped out segregation in the armed forces.

question

Taft-Hartley Act

answer

monitors the activities and power of labor unions.

question

Inflation

answer

Rise in prices

question

Truman's Fair Deal

answer

question

Executive Order 9835

answer

Truman's plan to investigate all federal employees for signs of Communism.

question

Capital of South Korea

answer

Seoul

question

Domino Theory

answer

If one country falls to Communism, other in that region would fall

question

The Korean War was a _________________________, not a war.

answer

police action

question

What percent of troops in the Korean War were American?

answer

88%

question

Leader of all UN troops

answer

Duglas MacArthur

question

Port of Pusan

answer

very important place in the Korean War

question

Inchon Landing

answer

MacArthur's plan to bring 70,000 troops behind enemy lines to recapture Seoul. Pushed the North Korean troops back to North Korea

question

Over which river did 260,000 Chinese troops come?

answer

the Yalu River

question

Why was MacArthur fired?

answer

He publicly denounced Truman and threatened the Chinese.

question

Peace talks persisted for 2 years because:

answer

1. They did not know what to do with POWs 2. The dividing line had to be drawn

question

Of what did Stalin die?

answer

A brain hemhorrage

question

In which ways was the Korean War a success?

answer

-Communism was ousted -America put actions behind its words

question

In which ways was the Korean War a failure?

answer

-There was no winner -It is called the "forgotten war" because it is between two massive wars -A memorial was not built until 1995

History Chapter 15 – The Cold War – Flashcards

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