History 1301 Exam 2-Chapter 5 Review – Flashcards
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Why did Americans of the revolutionary generation look to the Roman Republic as a model?
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It represented the ideal of republic virtue.
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Women were expected to participate in the political life of the new republic by
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cultivating patriotism and virtue in their children.
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What caused the trade deficit with Britain after the Revolution?
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desire for luxury goods that had been unavailable during the war
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This page from a book of children's verse shows that schools in the new republic were intended to teach what along with such skills as reading, writing, and arithmetic?
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patriotism
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The Great Compromise, devised by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth,
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resolved the dispute over representation in Congress.
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The Virginia Plan was primarily drafted by
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James Madison.
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Why was George Washington looked upon as a model of civic virtue?
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He served his country when needed.
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. The first sentence of the Constitution states: "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America." The words "insure domestic Tranquility" may have been a reference to
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Shays's Rebellion.
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What type of men dominated the colonial assemblies before the Revolution?
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the wealthy
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What motivated the Confederation Congress to print paper currency?
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a shortage of silver and gold
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The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did which of the following?
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created a political structure for the new territories
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How did Benjamin Franklin view the Constitution?
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as nearly perfect
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The Constitution established a Congress that had
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two houses, one representing each state equally and one determined by population.
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Which of the following events happened first?
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the signing of the Treaty of Paris
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How did the Articles of Confederation reflect the colonial experience of Americans?
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Americans had resented taxation and government by the British and so created a weak central government.
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What were the Shaysites attempting to accomplish through Shays's Rebellion?
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stop farm foreclosures
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What is the most likely reason that Charles Wilson Peale portrayed William Smith as he did in this portrait?
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The life of a prosperous merchant was not perceived as being most compatible with republican virtue.
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What compromise did the Constitutional Convention reach in regards to the slave trade?
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Congress did not have the authority to ban the slave trade until 1808.
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What effect did the glut of paper currency have on the American economy?
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severe inflation
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On June 21, 1788, which state's vote gave Federalists the nine states needed to ratify the Constitution?
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New Hampshire
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How did the political cartoon The Looking Glass for 1787 differ from The Federalist?
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It was crude rather than sophisticated in its methods of persuasion.
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What was the Newburgh conspiracy?
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a planned military coup
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The United States faced military conflicts with all of the following EXCEPT A) Loyalists. B) pirates. C) Indians. D) the British. E) the Spanish.
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Loyalists.
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All of the following were seen as ways to instruct the public in civic virtue EXCEPT A) folk traditions. B) education by mothers and wives. C) religion. D) state constitutions. E) public education.
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folk traditions.
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What is the most likely reason why most state politicians were Anti-Federalists?
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They could lose a lot of power relative to the central government established by the Constitution.
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Thomas Jefferson's design for the Virginia State Capitol represented
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a looking back to the Roman Republic.
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After the Constitution was ratified, Anti-Federalists chose to
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work within the framework provided by the Constitution to secure their goals.
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Supporters of ratification of the Constitution included large segments of all the following groups EXCEPT A) backcountry farmers. B) merchants. C) inhabitants of frontier regions. D) officers of the Continental Army. E) residents of small states.
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backcountry farmers.
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Many Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution did not
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include a bill of rights.
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The Treaty of Paris failed to recognize
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the interests of the Indian peoples.
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This chest of drawers represents
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a turn toward classical style.
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In The Federalist, James Madison argued that a large, diverse republic
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offered the best hope for safeguarding individual rights.
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Why did the artisans of New York City support the ratification of the Constitution?
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They wanted a strong government to protect their economic interests.
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In what way does the engraving Keep Within the Compass reveal the limits of the democracy championed in the formative years of the United States?
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Women were not seen as rightfully belonging in the public.
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In what way is the Constitution a departure from the original plan for government embraced after the Revolution?
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Americans originally wanted a government that exemplified democracy and could not become too powerful, whereas the Constitution did not allow for a directly elected president but did allow for taxation.
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. Each of the following men was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention EXCEPT for A) Thomas Jefferson. B) Benjamin Franklin. C) George Washington. D) James Madison. E) Alexander Hamilton.
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Thomas Jefferson.
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As a result of the economic, diplomatic, and political crises of the 1780s,
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a small but powerful group of nationalists believed that constitutional reform was needed.
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The New Jersey Plan was proposed in the interests of
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accommodating the interests of smaller states.
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Most Anti-Federalists
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distrusted the social and economic elite.
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Why did Shays's Rebellion give additional impetus to those hoping to reform the Articles of Confederation?
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It revealed the vulnerability of a nation with a weak central government.
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How does Thomas Rossiter portray the delegates to the Constitutional Convention in this nineteenth-century painting?
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as haloed in light
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Which is most likely NOT a reason that the Federalist position ultimately prevailed? A) The form of government established by the Constitution is the only one that could have succeeded. B) Many of the most esteemed and politically influential men in the United States had contributed to the Constitution. C) The Federalist position of supporting the Constitution was simpler than that of the Anti-Federalists. D) Several states were quick to ratify the Constitution, thus creating momentum toward ratification. E) Those with powerful economic interests tended to be Federalists.
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The form of government established by the Constitution is the only one that could have succeeded.
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Why did the Confederation Congress have trouble meeting such obligations as paying the Continental Army?
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It did not have the power to levy taxes.
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How does Thomas Jefferson's map for the settlement of the west reflect Enlightenment thinking?
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The territories are arranged in a grid.
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Even after the Constitution was ratified, the votes of which two states were nevertheless considered essential?
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New York and Virginia
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According to Enlightenment thinking, why might it be possible to use education to create model citizens?
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People were thought to be born a blank state upon which republican ideals could be written.
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How did the Land Ordinance of 1785 effectively bar the average citizen from directly obtaining land in the Northwest Territories?
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Its system for distributing land in the territories was prohibitive.
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In The Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments, James Madison and Thomas Jefferson argued against
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state support for religion.
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The Revolution challenged traditional republican theory, according to which citizens were expected to
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defer to their betters.
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. In an image from a Massachusetts newspaper, the pillars represent all of the following EXCEPT A) the growing barrier between Federalists and Anti-Federalists. B) states that had ratified the constitution. C) a reference to the ideals of the Roman Republic. D) the increasing strength of the United States. E) the states as being like elements of a temple.
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the growing barrier between Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
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Where did the convention to reform the Articles of Confederation take place?
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Philadelphia
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Thomas Jefferson's initial plan for the Northwest Territory called for
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the end of slavery in the western territories after 1800.
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As seen in the graphs titled "Economic Status of Legislators in New Hampshire, New York, and New Jersey," the change in the makeup of state legislatures after the Revolution implies that the new nation would
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become more democratic and representative of the population.
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What is judicial review?
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the power of the courts to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
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Which of the following is NOT true of the Virginia Plan? A) It was based on the one-state one-vote principle. B) It proposed a single executive system. C) It proposed a two-house legislature. D) It proposed a separate judicial branch. E) It gave Congress powers to legislate where individual states could not.
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It was based on the one-state one-vote principle.
