History 101: World Civilization (Exam 1) – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Hierocracy
answer
rule by priest
question
Altamira
answer
Famous upper paleolithic cave paintings discovered in Spain
question
Code of Hammrabi
answer
The upper level was treated better than the lower level Consisted the first law giver Each law was written down and consisted of 282 total Laws had intense punishment (EX: If caught stealing that person must be sentenced to death)
question
Lascaux
answer
Famous paleolithic cave painting discovered in France by an 18 year old boy named Marcel Ravidat
question
Cuneiform
answer
Latin for cuneus (wedge shaped characters) Tablets used as paper to tell stories Bone or reed as stylus
question
Babylonia
answer
Ruled by Hammurabi 3 purpose: Make Bablyonia secure, secure Mesopotamia (capital of Bablyonia), make Babylonia a place in history Combined semitic and sumer ruler roles State-controlled economy
question
Pre-literature (pre-historic)
answer
No rural setting No written history
question
Historic (literate)
answer
Written history Began in the Nile (civilization)
question
Mesopotamia
answer
Each city-state had their own gods and goddess Greek for "between two rivers": Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq River created rich agricultural soil in the delta region and added crop surpluses. Sumerians lived there
question
Neolithic
answer
New Stone Age (3000 BC) Produced their own food (farming) Urbanization Established religion
question
Paleolithic
answer
Old Stone Age (8000 BC) Discovered fire Believed in animistic (spirit animals) Hunter gathers Cave paintings Nomads, spoken language
question
Bronze Age
answer
1000 BC Replaced Stone Age Produced weapons and tools EX: wheel
question
Iron Age
answer
1200 BC Replaced the Bronze Age Produced weapons and tools Made weapons tougher and sharper
question
Sumer (south)
answer
5000 BC Neolithic people Sumerians (linguistic language) In Mesopotamia Innovations included: writing, astronomy, architecture, math, irrigation, laws Developed the 1st calender and writing
question
Akkad (north)
answer
Took over Sumer in 2350 BC Semitic nomads Sargon 1 was the first ruler of the emperor Brought unity/dynasty
question
Ziggurats
answer
Sumerians religious monument that was created for their gods 128 ft tall only priest were allowed inside Daughters as prostitutes Function: 1st creation story was recorded, story of Moses, reflects on weather, no afterlife; only gods and mortals went to the underground
question
Sumerian Religion
answer
Religion was pessimistic (negative) Religion was polytheistic (more than one god) Believed that every god was anthropomorphic (human characteristic) Only priest were literate and could talk to gods Reflected on the wheather (EX: Heavy rain and thunder storm = angry gods)
question
Utnapishtim
answer
Babylonian Noah
question
Marduk
answer
Babylonian God
question
Ishtar
answer
Goddess of fertility
question
Shamash
answer
God of sun and justice
question
Enlil
answer
God of wind and storm
question
Ensi
answer
Temperol ruler of the Sumerian city-state
question
Lugal
answer
Title for king (war leader)
question
Gilgamesh
answer
Legendary king who saved Sumer and Babylonians from a flood
question
Patesi
answer
Priest governed by a priest
question
Nile River
answer
Herodotus "gift from the Nile" Located in Egypt which is very dry, they got water from the Nile River Starts at the highlands of Lake Victoria Created canals, dams, irrigation ditches to control the river waters.
question
Lower Egypt (Northern)
answer
King wore a red crown Materials found: gold, silver and copper "The Red Land" desert, protected Egypt from enemies
question
Upper Egypt
answer
White Crown King Menes conquered Lower Egypt and unified them The Black Land; fertile soil, farming areas, produced crops, wheat, cereal
question
Hyksos
answer
Apart of the 15th and 16th dynasty Invaded Egypt and settled in the Nile Introduced new warrior tacts: horse and chariot, battle axes, bows
question
Theocracy
answer
A system of gov. where a priest rules by a God of a god`
question
Vizier
answer
A person close to the pharaoh that helps advise them and makes sure everyone is doing their job
question
Nomes
answer
Similar to states of countries Upper Egypt 22 Nomes Lower Egypg 20 Nomes King Menes unified both Lower and Upper
question
Nomarch
answer
The gov. of a nome
question
Osiris
answer
The god of the underworld
question
Amon-Re
answer
Sun god
question
Zoomorphic
answer
Is the shaping f something in animal form Ex:Egyptian gods as hybrid Holy Spirit as a dove
question
Manetho
answer
An historian and priest who wrote the History of Egypt
question
Imhotep
answer
Was a famous architect who designed the step pyramid Name means "the onwe who comes in peace, is with peace"
question
Stepped Pyramid
answer
Built for King Djoser Consist of 6 steps and is 200 ft high Created by Imhotep
question
Khufu
answer
Was the 2nd King of the 4th Dynasty Created the Pyramid of Giza which is one of the 7th wonders of the World
question
Khafre
answer
6th dynasty King CCreeated the 2nd Pyramid of Giza
question
Menkaure
answer
Famous for his pyramid tomb at Giza Smallest of 3 pyramids of Giza
question
Ahmose
answer
Founder of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt
question
Thutmose III
answer
King of Egypt who conquered Syria and much of the Euphrates Valley and brought great wealth to Egypt.
question
Akhetaton
answer
King of Egypt (1372-1355) who rejected the old gods and initiated a monotheistic worship of the sun-god Aten.
question
Henotheism
answer
is the belief in and worship of a single God while accepting the existence or possible existence of other deities that may also be worshipped
question
Tutankhamon
answer
18th dynasty: Most famous pharaoh who took throne at 6 and ruled for 11 years Mysteriously killed Tomb discovered by Howard Carter in 1922
question
Hatshepsut
answer
Thutmose III wife During the 18th dynasty Estaablished the trade networks that were destroyed by the Hyksos
question
Akhnaton
answer
Father of King Tut Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt and ruled for 17 years. construction of a new capital city which he called Amarna and he dedicated it to the sun. abandoning traditional Egyptian polytheism and introducing worship centered on the Atens
question
Negertiti
answer
wife of Akhnaton 15 when married One of the most influential queens. Paintings show here conducting religious ceremonies with Akhenaten as an equal. Created their own religon worshiping the sun god
question
Ramses II
answer
Took throne at age 20 and ruled for 66 years Ramses the Great for his contributions to Egypt, war campaigns to the Mediterranean and into Nubia, as well as his construction projects, such as cities, temples and tombs.
question
Hattusas
answer
the capital of the ancient Hittite empire in Asia Minor
question
Suppiluliumas
answer
king of the Hittites, founder of the Hittite empire
question
Canaan
answer
Biblical name in Palestine Any land of promise
question
Diaspora
answer
Jews living outside Israel
question
Pentateuch
answer
the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
question
Babyblonian Captivity
answer
is the period in Jewish history during which a number of Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia.
question
Cyrus
answer
king of Persia founder of the Persian empire.
