History 1: Western Civ Chapter 11 – Flashcards
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One major issue behind the Hundred Years' War was a claim to the French throne by the English king
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Edward III.
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Economically, the great plague and the crises of the fourteenth century
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raised wages because of a scarcity of labor.
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Pogroms were
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organized massacres against the Jews
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The English Peasants' Revolt of 1381
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was caused by the rising economic expectations of ordinary people.
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The European aristocracy responded to the adversity of the great plague by
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seeking to lower wages by legal means, especially for farm laborers
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Postplague socioeconomic relations between rich and poor in Europe
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got much worse as the positions of landlords deteriorated, and they sought to limit the gains of the peasants.
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France's "first woman of letters" was
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Christine de Pizan
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The conflict between Pope Boniface VIII and Philip IV of France began when Philip
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taxed churchmen without the Church's permission
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A key economic consequence of the plague was
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decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents freeing their serfs.
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The French government and aristocracy responded to the Jacquerie by
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massacring the participants
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In fourteenth-century Venice, the real executive power of the state came to be held by the
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Council of Ten.
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From 1305 to 1377, the Papacy resided across the French border in the town of
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Avignon.
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The Italian condottieri were
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leaders of mercenary bands, occasionally ruling as military dictators.
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The Great Schism
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badly damaged the faith of many Christian believers
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Politically, Italy and Germany were similar in the fourteenth century because both regions failed to develop a
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centralized monarchical state.
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The fifteenth century theologian who claimed that reason could not prove spiritual truth was
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William of Occam
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Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
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portrayed characters from a variety of status levels, both high- and low-born
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The crucial battle of the Hundred Years' War that was won by Henry V in 1415 and that led to the treaty and apparent victory in the war for Henry and England was the Battle of
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Agincourt
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During the reign of Edward III of England, the Great Council of the barons
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became the House of Lords forming a hereditary body of peers in Parliament
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During the Black Death
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Jews were accused of causing the plague by poisoning town wells.
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Reflects the medieval preoccupation w/ the soul's progression to salvation.
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Dante's Divine Comedy
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The most revolutionary of 13th & 14th century inventions were?
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Clocks
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One of the causes of the Hundred Years' War was a dispute over the right of succession to the French throne after the death of the last Capetian king in 1328. True or False?
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True
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The percentage of the European population who died b/t 1347 & 1351 by the Black Death is estimated at?
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25%-50%
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In the conduct of the Hundred Years' War, a sure sign of feudalism's decline was the decisive role of peasant foot soldiers rather than mounted knights. True or False?
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True
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A reduction in the persecution of religious minorities b/c of the displeasure it caused God was a reaction to the great plague. True or False?
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False
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Known as that period in the history of the Catholic Church marked by the creation & feuding of multiple popes.
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The Great Schism
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Bubonic plague originated in
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Asia
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The flagellants
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were praised by the catholic church for their miraculous deeds
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Ars Moriendi means
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the art of dying
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At the Battle of Crecy
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English archers devoted the french calvary
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Joan of Arc saved France by inspiring the French soldiers to break the English siege of
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Orleans
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Joan of Arc
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was captured by the Burgundians and turned over to their english allies
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The Golden Bull of 1356 in Germany
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gave seven electors the power to choose the king of the romans
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The chief ambition of the Venetian city-state in the 14th century was
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the financial control of the HRE
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Mysticism in the 14th century
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emphasized in intensely personal feeling of oneness with god
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The Decameron is set
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in florence at the time of the black death
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Dantes divine comedy
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is considered a supreme summary of medieval thought
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Changed urban attitudes in the 14th century included
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the regulation and acceptance of prostitution in most communities
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Women benefitted from the Black death because
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there were new employment opportunities
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