question

What role did Spain and Portugal play in the second wave of European imperialism in the nineteenth century?

answer

They continued to possess colonies but were relatively minor players in the new imperial enterprise.

question

Which region came under European colonial control in the second half of the nineteenth century?

answer

Pacific Oceania

question

What contributed to European military superiority in 1750?

answer

Organization, drill and practice, and command structure

question

Which of the following was an outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?

answer

The British became more cautious in their efforts to change Indian society.

question

How did the Gikuyu people of colonial Kenya react to the success of European missionaries in securing a ban on female circumcision in 1929?

answer

They created independent Christian churches and schools beyond the control of missionaries.

question

What is "social Darwinism"?

answer

The belief that superior Europeans will displace "unfit" races

question

How did European imperialism from 1750 to 1914 differ from earlier European overseas expansion?

answer

Germany

question

Which of the following was a feature of the system known as apartheid in South Africa?

answer

Separate "homelands" and educational systems were established for native Africans.

question

The colonization of which region was similar to Britain's earlier colonization of North America?

answer

Australia

question

Which of the following describes how European powers colonized regions in Africa that had decentralized societies without any formal state structure?

answer

Protracted, brutal warfare and mass destruction, village by village

question

Which of the following is an expression of indigenous resistance to colonial rule in the nineteenth century?

answer

The Indian rebellion

question

How did Europeans view their colonial subjects in the nineteenth century?

answer

Europeans viewed their colonial subjects as inferior races.

question

Which of the following was a feature of the reform societies organized by Western-educated men in nineteenth-century India?

answer

They drew inspiration from the classical texts of Hinduism to create a renewed Indian culture.

question

How were the European empires of the nineteenth century similar to earlier European empires in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

answer

How were the European empires of the nineteenth century similar to earlier European empires in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

question

Which of the following was a destination for hundreds of thousands of Chinese migrants in the nineteenth century?

answer

Australia

question

Which of the following was a feature of the reform societies organized by Western-educated men in nineteenth-century India?

answer

Some of these reformers saw themselves as working in tandem with British authorities.

question

What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

answer

The growth of mass nationalism in Europe

question

Which of the following contributed to the emergence of a new cultural identity in the Asian, African, and Oceanic societies that were under colonial rule in the nineteenth century?

answer

Western Education

question

In the nineteenth century, what did Europeans use to substantiate their racial preferences and prejudices?

answer

Allegedly "scientific" method

question

Which of the following highlights the economic aspects of Europe's nineteenth-century expansion?

answer

High rates of European investment abroad

question

Which of the following describes how Native Americans were affected by the western expansion of the United States in the nineteenth century?

answer

Native American children were removed to boarding schools where they could be "civilized."

question

What was a distinctive feature of nineteenth-century European colonial empires?

answer

Europeans displayed an unprecedented interest in classifying their subject peoples.

question

Which of the following was a consequence of the colonial policy of encouraging rice production in Burma and Vietnam in the nineteenth century?

answer

Dikes and irrigation canals built for rice production ultimately depleted the soil by inhibiting the deposit of upstream silt in deltas.

question

Which of the following describes how the British and the Dutch took control over, respectively, India and Indonesia?

answer

Colonial conquest evolved slowly from earlier interaction with European trading firms.

question

What role did the Industrial Revolution play in Europe's nineteenth-century expansion?

answer

Colonies provided markets for European goods.

question

Which group benefited from the British view of India's caste system as four ranked and unchanging varnas?

answer

Brahmins

question

Which of the following reflects a European colonial policy in the late nineteenth century that ran counter to their practices at home?

answer

European discouragement of urban growth in their colonies

question

Which of the following describes a feature seen in the colonization of Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii?

answer

The native populations in these places were decimated by diseases brought by colonial powers.

question

Which of the following reflects the relationship between imperialism and gender during the nineteenth century?

answer

European colonizers were associated with active masculinity.

question

Why did Europeans discourage religious skepticism in their colonies?

answer

Europeans feared that this kind of social change would encourage unrest.

question

What was a distinctive feature of nineteenth-century European colonial empires?

answer

European empires penetrated the societies they governed to an unprecedented extent.

question

In what way did colonial rule affect the working lives of colonial subjects?

answer

Artisans were unable to compete with cheaper merchandise produced in mechanized factories.

question

In governing their colonies in the nineteenth century, Europeans relied on

answer

local elites.

question

Why did Europeans discourage urban growth in their colonies?

answer

Europeans feared that this kind of social change would encourage unrest.

question

In the second wave of European imperialism from 1750 to 1914, how did European powers prefer to control colonial regions?

answer

Europeans preferred informal control rather than formal control of colonial regions because it was cheaper.

question

Which of the following reflects the relationship between imperialism and gender during the nineteenth century?

answer

Colonial subjects were viewed as soft, passive, and feminine.

question

Which of the following gave Europeans an advantage in their encounters with people in Asia, Africa, and Oceania during the second half of the nineteenth century?

answer

European superiority in military organization and discipline

question

Which of the following highlights the relationship between imperialism and nationalism?

answer

Colonies as symbols of ?Great Power? status

question

Which of the following reflects the effect of colonial rule in Africa on the lives of women?

answer

Women of impoverished families became heads of household in the absence of men.

question

Which of the following characterizes the responses of societies facing the threat of European colonial rule in the nineteenth century?

answer

Accommodation for those who saw colonial rule as advantageous and resistance for those who viewed colonial rule as oppressive

question

Which of the following was a European colonial view that shaped the development of African identity in the nineteenth century?

answer

The notion of an Africa divided into tribes

question

Which of the following expresses the relationship between the number of European settlers in colonies in Africa, Asia, and Oceania and the extent of racial segregation and discrimination in the imperialism of the nineteenth century?

answer

Colonies with a large European settler population experienced more racial discrimination and racial segregation.

question

The spread of Christianity in Africa was facilitated by its association with

answer

modern education.

question

How were the colonial takeovers of India and Indonesia during the long nineteenth century similar?

answer

In both, colonial conquest grew out of earlier interaction with European trading firms.

question

Which of the following represents the imperialist actions of a country outside Europe?

answer

Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea

question

What elements of the modernizing process did colonial rule convey on colonies?

answer

Communication and transportation infrastructure

question

Which of the following describes the effect of nineteenth-century imperialism on the societies of Pacific Oceania?

answer

Competitive annexations as Britain, France, Netherlands, Germany, the United States, and Australia claimed control of all the islands of Oceania

question

Which of the following was a consequence of nineteenth-century European imperialism on colonized societies?

answer

The integration of colonial economies into a global network of exchange centered in Europe

question

How did the emergence of Germany as a new nation-state affect the European political scene after 1870?

answer

Germany's arrival disrupted the established order.

question

Which of the following was a factor in causing the Great Depression?

answer

Speculation on the stock market

question

Which of the following was a distinctive and central feature of the German expression of fascism?

answer

An insistence on a racial revolution

question

What effect did World War II have on communism?

answer

It enabled communist parties in Eastern Europe and China to assume power.

question

In contrast to what transpired during World War I, Germany during World War II was able to

answer

Conquer France Quickly.

question

What effect did the U.S. Marshall Plan have on European economies?

answer

It promoted economic growth and widespread prosperity in Western Europe.

question

Which of the following characterized European and American culture in the 1920s?

answer

A new consumerism

question

Which of the following represents a response among many Latin American countries to the global repercussions of the Great Depression?

answer

Import substitution industrialization

question

Which of the following appealed to fascists?

answer

Nationalism

question

Which of the following resulted from Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?

answer

a. The wars in Asia and Europe merged into a single global war.

question

Which of the following committed the United States to the defense of Europe against the Soviet Union after World War II?

answer

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

question

Which of the following contributed to Western European recovery after the devastation of World War II?

answer

The ability of Western European countries to integrate their economies

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