question

In the late nineteenth century, the most striking feature of the American party system was its

answer

remarkable stability

question

In American politics during the late nineteenth century

answer

Republicans usually held a majority in the Senate

question

An examination of American voters in the late nineteenth century reveals

answer

voter turnout for both presidential and nonpresidential elections was very high

question

The high degree of party loyalty in the late nineteenth century is explained primarily by

answer

a voter's regional background

question

In the late nineteenth century, Democrats tended to attract the greater numbers of

answer

Catholics

question

In the late nineteenth century, a voter's party identification was usually a reflection of

answer

cultural background

question

Throughout the late nineteenth century, the federal government

answer

was relatively inactive

question

In the late nineteenth century, as veterans of the Civil War retired,

answer

a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions

question

The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds constituted a fight

answer

between traditionalists and reformers

question

James A. Garfield

answer

was assassinated by an unsuccessful office seeker

question

Chester A. Arthur

answer

supported the Pendleton Act as part of civil service reform

question

In the election of 1884, "Mugwumps" were

answer

unhappy Republicans who threatened to vote for the Democrats

question

As president, Grover Cleveland

answer

was a fiscal conservative

question

The election of 1888

answer

involved clear economic differences between the major parties

question

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

answer

was used by the federal government against labor unions

question

In the late nineteenth century, the issue of primary interest to the Republican Party was

answer

supporting high tariffs

question

As a result of the McKinley Tariff of 1890

answer

Republicans suffered significant political losses that year

question

In 1892, President Grover Cleveland

answer

followed policies similar to those of his first term

question

The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887

answer

both A and B

question

In the late nineteenth century, the Granger Laws supported the interests of

answer

farmers

question

What statement regarding the national Grange movement is FALSE?

answer

It was greatly strengthened by the end of the economic depression in the late 1870s

question

Compared to the Grange movement, The Farmers' Alliances

answer

were more national in scale

question

The election of 1892

answer

saw the debut of the People's Party

question

In the 1890s, Populism appealed to

answer

all of the above

question

In 1892, the People's Party called for

answer

a government network of crop warehouses

question

In the late nineteenth century, American Populism

answer

favored the direct election of United States senators

question

The Panic of 1893

answer

triggered the nation's most severe depression up to that point

question

The economic decline that followed the Panic of 1893 demonstrated

answer

the degree to which the American economy had become interconnected

question

In 1894, Jacob Coxey and his supporters

answer

called for a public works program for the unemployed

question

To many middle-class Americans, the major labor upheavals of the late nineteenth century

answer

were dangerous signs of social instability

question

In 1873, the Congressional law that officially discontinued silver coinage

answer

became known to critics as the "Crime of `73."

question

In the 1890s, farmers favored the federal government's coinage of silver because

answer

it would result in an inflation of currency

question

The Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 called for the federal government to

answer

purchase silver

question

In the 1890s, President Grover Cleveland faced the severe economic problem of

answer

declining gold reserves

question

As the Republican Party approached the 1896 election, they were

answer

confident of victory

question

In 1896, the Democratic political platform

answer

adopted several, but not all, major Populist issues

question

The "Cross of Gold" speech was given in 1896 by

answer

William Jennings Bryan

question

The "Cross of Gold" speech appealed primarily to

answer

farmers

question

In the campaign of 1896, President William McKinley

answer

campaigned largely from his house

question

The 1896 election results saw

answer

the Populist movement suffer a crippling defeat

question

In 1896, the major issue of William McKinley's administration was

answer

the desire for higher tariffs

question

American agriculture during the 1890s benefited from

answer

foreign crop failures

question

In the 1890s, the interest in American expansion overseas was motivated by

answer

fears that domestic natural resources would soon be in limited supply

question

Arguments used by Social Darwinists in the United States to justify expansionism

answer

contended all nations were engaged in a constant struggle to survive

question

The author who called on the United States to increase its naval forces in his book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, was

answer

Alfred T. Mahan

question

The author of The Influence of Sea Power upon History believed the United States

answer

should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands

question

In 1895, the United States and Great Britain were involved in a serious boundary dispute involving British Guiana and

answer

Venezuela

question

Prior to its annexation by the United States in 1898, Hawaii

answer

was largely governed by a monarchy

question

When Hawaii was annexed in 1898

answer

American marines were used to carry out the action.

question

In the late nineteenth century, the United States' interest in Samoa saw competition from

answer

Germany

question

The Spanish-American War began primarily because of events in

answer

Cuba

question

In 1898, pressure for the American entry into war in Cuba came from

answer

Cuban émigrés living in the United States

question

In the late nineteenth century, the term "yellow press" referred to

answer

all of the above

question

In reporting the sinking of the Maine, the New York Journal and the New York World

answer

were highly sensational and biased

question

In 1898, a letter stolen from Dupuy de Lome, Spain's minister to Washington, was controversial because it

answer

described William McKinley as a weak president

question

Later evidence related to the explosion that sank the Maine suggested the likely cause was

answer

an accident in an engine room

question

Which of the following statements regarding the Spanish-American War is FALSE?

answer

U.S. Army soldiers were well-equipped and supplied

question

As in the Civil War, the bulk of U.S. soldiers in the Spanish-American War came from

answer

National Guard units

question

The story of race and the Spanish-American War saw

answer

a significant number of black troops in the American forces

question

In the early stage of the Spanish-American War, Commodore George Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet in

answer

Manila Bay

question

In the Spanish-American War, Theodore Roosevelt's famous charge in the battle of San Juan Hill

answer

all of the above

question

The Foraker Act of 1900

answer

established an American colonial government over Puerto Rico

question

The greatest American debate over the consequences of the Spanish-American War involved

answer

the status of the Philippines

question

The treaty concluding the Spanish-American War

answer

transferred the Philippines and Puerto Rico to the United States

question

Criticism within the United States of American colonialism included all the following EXCEPT

answer

the financial costs of administering colonies would require burdensome taxes

question

In 1899, those who favored the annexation of the Philippines argued

answer

both A and B

question

In 1899, supporters of the annexation of the Philippines argued the United States had set a precedent for taking land while treating its inhabitants as dependents in the case of

answer

the federal government's treatment of American Indians

question

The presidential election of 1900

answer

found the American public largely in favor of national colonialism

question

In the early 1900s, which American dependency did NOT receive territorial status?

answer

Cuba

question

The 1901 Platt Amendment was directed at

answer

Cuba

question

According to the terms of the 1901 Platt Amendment

answer

the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba to protect lives

question

In the early twentieth century, Cuba

answer

was occupied by troops from the United States for years at a time

question

Beginning in 1898, the United States's war in the Philippines

answer

lasted for years and resulted in thousands of American deaths

question

In its war in the Philippines, the United State's military

answer

both A and B

question

The Philippines achieved independence from the United States

answer

following World War II

question

The "Open Door notes"

answer

were directed to imperial powers in Europe and Asia

question

In 1900, the "Open Door notes"

answer

were unilaterally adopted by the United States

question

In 1900, the Chinese Boxer Rebellion was directed at

answer

all foreigners in China

question

The Spanish-American War revealed to American military planners

answer

the need to improve glaring deficiencies in the army

question

While progressivism has many meanings it tended to be based on the central assumption

answer

that American society was capable of improvement

question

At the turn of the twentieth century, progressive activists

answer

were "antimonopoly" and feared concentrated power

question

The term "muckrakers" referred to

answer

journalists

question

At the turn of the twentieth century, Lincoln Steffens wrote extensively of the need to reform

answer

urban political organizations

question

In 1904, Ida Tarbell published a highly critical study on

answer

urban "boss rule."

question

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the "Social Gospel" was

answer

an effort to make religious faith a tool of social reform

question

At the turn of the twentieth century, the leaders of the settlement house movement

answer

directed their attention at the living conditions in cities

question

At the turn of the twentieth century, leaders in the settlement house movement tended to be

answer

female

question

The settlement house movement of the early twentieth century helped spawn the profession of

answer

social work

question

In his 1899 book, A Theory of the Leisure Class, Thorstein Veblen argued

answer

modern cities should rely on a handful of experts to solve their social problems

question

In regards to organizing the professions during the progressive era

answer

by World War I, all states had established professional bar associations

question

In 1901, one of the first professions to organize on a national level was in the field of

answer

medicine

question

In regards to women and the professions during the progressive era

answer

social work was generally thought to be an appropriate career for women

question

The most distinctive quality of women in professions during the progressive era was

answer

they were concentrated in the "helping" professions

question

During the progressive era, the "new woman" was a product of

answer

all of the above

question

The term "Boston marriage" refers to

answer

two women who lived together

question

In regards to divorce in the United States during the progressive era,

answer

more than ten percent of all marriages ended in divorce.

question

During the progressive era, the women's club movement

answer

had a national organization to coordinate club activities

question

During the progressive era, clubs for African American women

answer

frequently embraced controversial issues

question

During the progressive era, clubwomen generally

answer

both A and B

question

During the progressive era, the woman suffrage movement

answer

became the single largest reform movement of the early twentieth century

question

During the progressive era, supporters of woman suffrage argued that female voters

answer

deserved the vote because of their unique traits as women

question

During the progressive era, significant voting rights for women were first won in

answer

Far West

question

In the year prior to the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment

answer

both A and B

question

In 1916, Alice Paul and the National Women's Party

answer

neither A nor B

question

Prior to the adoption of the secret ballot, voter ballots were printed and distributed by

answer

the political parties themselves

question

During the progressive era, one of the first targets for political reformers was

answer

municipal governments

question

During the progressive era, opponents of political reform included many members of all of the following EXCEPT

answer

the middle-class

question

During the progressive era, reformers of city government frequently tried to

answer

create city-managers

question

The initiative and referendum were progressive era political reforms designed to weaken

answer

state legislatures

question

The recall and direct primary were progressive era political reforms designed to weaken

answer

political parties

question

As governor of Wisconsin, the progressive reformer Robert La Follette helped create

answer

direct primary

question

During the progressive era, the power of the political parties

answer

declined as did voter turnout

question

During the progressive era, political "interest groups"

answer

were a product of the progressive era

question

During the progressive era, important sources for social reform included

answer

New York's Tammany Hall political machine

question

In the aftermath of the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist fire in New York City

answer

strict regulations with effective enforcement were imposed on factory owners

question

For western states during the progressive era, the major target for political reformers was

answer

the federal government

question

All of the following were progressive reformers from western states EXCEPT

answer

Alfred E. Smith

question

A major reason progressive political reforms, such as the direct primary, were quickly embraced in the western states was

answer

political parties were weak in this region

question

In regards to race, during the progressive era

answer

both A and B

question

During the progressive era, W. E. B. Du Bois asserted all the following EXCEPT

answer

the principal tool for gaining civil rights was to elect blacks to public office

question

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was

answer

neither A nor B

question

The temperance crusade

answer

was supported by most business employers

question

The Women's Christian Temperance Union

answer

was, at one time, the largest women's organization in American history

question

Between 1914 and 1919, the temperance movement

answer

gained momentum as a result of World War I

question

In regards to the immigrant population in the United States, progressive reformers

answer

both A and B

question

In the early twentieth century, the theories of eugenics

answer

supported the restriction of immigration by nationality

question

During the progressive era, the Socialist Party of America

answer

grew stronger

question

During the progressive era, the acknowledged leader of American socialism was

answer

Eugene Debs

question

In the 1912 presidential election, the Socialist Party candidate

answer

both A and B

question

During the early twentieth century, the Industrial Workers of the World

answer

advocated a single union for all workers

question

World War I hurt the socialist movement in the United States because

answer

the war generated anti-radical feelings in the country

question

Herbert Croly argued in his 1909 book, The Promise of American Life

answer

it was important that the federal government was led by a strong president

question

The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution dealt with

answer

the electoral college

question

When Theodore Roosevelt assumed the presidency in 1901

answer

neither A nor B

question

In regards to his political ideology, Theodore Roosevelt was

answer

in many respects, decidedly conservative

question

When he assumed the presidency in 1901, Theodore Roosevelt

answer

the youngest American ever to hold that office

question

During Theodore Roosevelt's first three years as president

answer

he believed that public opinion alone would eliminate most corporate abuses

question

In the 1902 strike by the United Mine Workers, President Theodore Roosevelt

answer

ordered federal arbitration

question

In the election of 1904, Theodore Roosevelt

answer

easily won his party nomination and the general election

question

All of the following legislation was passed during Theodore Roosevelt's administration EXCEPT

answer

Interstate Commerce Act

question

Upton Sinclair's 1906 novel, The Jungle encouraged the federal government to regulate the

answer

meatpacking industry

question

When it came to environmental issues, Theodore Roosevelt

answer

both A and B

question

As an environmental conservationist, President Theodore Roosevelt

answer

added extensive areas of land to the national forest system

question

The first director of the National Forest Service was

answer

Gifford Pinchot

question

The Sierra Club was founded by

answer

John Muir

question

Which statement regarding the controversy over Hetch Hetchy Valley is FALSE?

answer

Theodore Roosevelt led the fight in favor of building a dam at Hetch Hetchy

question

The Panic of 1907 was caused by

answer

neither A nor B

question

In 1908, Theodore Roosevelt did not run for another term as president because

answer

in 1904 he had promised not to run again

question

In the election of 1908, William Howard Taft

answer

was hand-picked by Theodore Roosevelt to succeed him

question

As president, William Howard Taft

answer

neither A nor B

question

The Payne-Aldrich Tariff of 1909

answer

resulted in President William H. Taft losing favor with progressives

question

In 1909, a controversy involving Richard Ballinger and Gifford Pinchot saw

answer

President William H. Taft fire Pinchot for insubordination

question

In 1910, in Osawatomie, Kansas, Theodore Roosevelt announced a set of political principles that called for

answer

greater activism by the federal government

question

In 1912, Theodore Roosevelt ran for president, in part, because

answer

the Taft administration implied Roosevelt had acted improperly as president

question

In the presidential campaign of 1912,

answer

Theodore Roosevelt ran on a third-party ticket

question

The 1912 presidential election was an ideological contest between

answer

both A and B

question

In the 1912 presidential election results

answer

Woodrow Wilson won only a plurality of the popular vote

question

In his political program known as "New Freedom," Woodrow Wilson believed trusts

answer

should be ended altogether

question

As president, Woodrow Wilson

answer

more tightly controlled his executive power than had Theodore Roosevelt

question

During President Woodrow Wilson's first term, Colonel Edward House

answer

was one of Wilson's closest advisors

question

The 1913 Underwood-Simmons Tariff

answer

was intended to weaken the power of business trusts

question

In 1913, as a result of the Sixteenth Amendment, Congress

answer

passed a graduated income tax

question

In 1913, a major reform of American banking was achieved with the creation of the

answer

Federal Reserve Act

question

The Federal Reserve Act

answer

created a new type of paper currency

question

The Federal Trade Commission Act

answer

determined whether business practices were acceptable to the government

question

By the fall of 1914, President Woodrow Wilson

answer

believed his reform program had largely been accomplished.)

question

In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson

answer

neither A nor B

question

After the elections of 1914, President Woodrow Wilson

answer

began another round of progressive legislation

question

The 1916 Keating-Owen Act was the first federal law regulating

answer

child labor

question

The Supreme Court, in two rulings related to the 1916 Keating-Owen Act,

answer

struck down reform legislation

question

President Theodore Roosevelt defined "civilized" and "uncivilized" nations on the basis of

answer

both A and B

question

President Theodore Roosevelt's policies in regard to Asia were intended

answer

to prevent any single nation from being dominant

question

As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905

answer

President Theodore Roosevelt agreed to mediate an end to the conflict

question

As part of his Asian diplomacy, President Theodore Roosevelt

answer

both A and B

question

The 1904 "Roosevelt Corollary"

answer

stated that the U.S. had a right to intervene in the affairs of neighboring countries

question

Prior to the United States' construction of the Panama Canal,

answer

the French had failed to build a canal at the same site

question

In order to secure control of the Panama Canal zone, the United States

answer

assisted a revolution in Panama

question

"Dollar Diplomacy" is to be associated primarily with the administration of

answer

William Howard Taft

question

The policy idea behind "Dollar Diplomacy" was

answer

to extend investments by the United States in less-developed regions

question

The diplomatic efforts by President Woodrow Wilson towards Latin America

answer

were similar to Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft

question

In the early twentieth century, United States actions toward Mexico included

answer

both A and B

question

In his dealings with Pancho Villa, President Woodrow Wilson

answer

ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa

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