HED329K – Flashcard
165 test answers
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Any form of unwanted sexual attention is considered _______.
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sexual harassment
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Which of the following is NOT part of risk-management driving?
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Use high-beam headlights for night driving
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When a rape involves more than one attacker, strangers, weapons, or physical assault, it is known as _______.
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aggravated rape
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Sexual penetration without a victim's consent is known as _______.
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rape
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All EXCEPT which of the following are acts of sexual assault?
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Consensual acts among adults
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Any act in which a person is sexually intimate with another person without the person's consent is _______.
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sexual assault
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Which of the following is NOT a safe cycling strategy?
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Riding against the flow of traffic
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All EXCEPT which of the following are acts of violence against children?
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Limited communication
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The most common perpetrators in child maltreatment cases are _______.
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biological parents
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Deliberate, intentional acts that cause harm or the threat of harm to a child are _______.
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child abuse
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One of the main predictors of domestic violence is _______.
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marital dissatisfaction
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Acts of omission or commission that cause harm or potential harm to a child are all forms of _______.
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child maltreatment
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In cases of domestic violence in which a woman is the abuser, _______.
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the man is less likely to sustain severe injuries
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Which of the following is NOT part of the cycle of intimate partner violence?
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Open discussion
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Violence directed at members of a particular cultural or racial group is known as _______.
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ethnoviolence
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All EXCEPT which of the following are reasons that young people get involved in gangs?
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Being jealous of friends' status or possessions
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What percentage of crimes against college students occur at off-campus locations?
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93%
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What percentage of sexual assaults that occur on college campuses are acquaintance rapes?
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84%
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Thrill seeking, retaliation, feeling threatened, and fear of the unknown are reasons given for the commission of _______.
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bias-related crimes
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Which of the following statements is TRUE in regard to primary aggression?
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It is hostile self-assertion that is destructive in nature.
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Poverty and unemployment are two of the _______.
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societal factors that may lead to violence
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Death that results from intent to injure or kill
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Homicide
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Bias-motivated crime that targets a particular societal group
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Hate crime
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Violence directed at persons affiliated with a particular cultural or racial group
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Ethnoviolence
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Actions that deny equal treatment or opportunities to a particular societal group
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Discrimination
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Sexual interaction between a child and an adult
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Child abuse
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Failure to provide for a child's basic needs
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Sexual abuse of children
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Deliberate behaviors committed with the intent to harm that result in injuries or death
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Violence
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Deliberate actions by a caregiver that cause harm to a child
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Child neglect
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Rape that involves multiple attackers, strangers, weapons, or a physical beating
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Aggravated rape
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Sexual penetration without a victim's consent
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Rape
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Any form of unwanted sexual attention
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Sexual harassment
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Any act of sexual intimacy without consent of the other person
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Sexual assault
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Willful, repeated, and malicious following, harassing, or threatening of another person
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Intimate partner violence
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Rape by one person, usually known to the victim, that does not involve a physical beating
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Simple rape
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Any form of unwanted sexual attention related to any condition of employment
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Workplace sexual harassment
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Violence that involves partners in a dating or marital relationship
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Intimate partner violence
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Physical injury, psychological harm, or death due to the intentional use of physical force or psychological abuse
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Intentional injuries
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Injury, harm, or death that occurs due to accidents or acts committed without the intent to harm
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Unintentional injuries
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Goal-directed, hostile self assertion that is destructive in nature
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Primary aggression
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Hostile, emotional reaction brought about by frustrating life experiences
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Reactive aggression
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More than 80% of sexual assualts that occur on college campuses are acquaintance rapes.
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True
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Substance abuse decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide.
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False
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Stress does not appear to be a factor that contributes to violence.
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False
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines violence as a chronic disease.
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True
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Texting is safe while driving as long as you are at a stop light.
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False
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Suggestive jokes and comments and sexual innuendoes are harmless and are not a form of sexual harassment.
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False
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Random violence against members of a group of people based on prejudice is an example of ethnoviolence.
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True
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Adults between the ages of 18 and 24 experience higher rates of stalking than other age groups.
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True
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Two types of unintentional injuries that cause injury, disability, and numerous deaths every year are motor vehicle crashes and cycling accidents.
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True
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Homicide committed by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death of pregnant women in the United States.
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True
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Illegal drug recognized as being harmful
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Illicit drug
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Drugs used for relaxation or enjoyment
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Recreational drugs
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Drug that can be purchased without a prescription
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Over-the-counter drug
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Drug with the potential to alter mood or behavior
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Psychoactive drug
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Introduced through the skin
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Transdermal
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Taken in by swallowing
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Oral ingestion
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Injected into a vein
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Intravenous
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Introduced through the respiratory system
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Inhalation
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Interaction in which two or more drugs taken simultaneously produce extremely uncomfortable and/or unwanted reactions
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Intolerance
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Two or more drugs working at the same receptor site so that one blocks the action of the other
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Antagonism
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Use of multiple medications, supplements, or illicit drugs simultaneously
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Polydrug use
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Interaction of two or more drugs that produces more profound effects than would occur if the drugs were taken separately
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Synergism
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Opioid-like hormones produced naturally in the human body
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Endorphins
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Drugs that increase the activity of the central nervous system
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Stimulants
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Drugs that slow the activity of the central nervous system
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Depressants
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Substances capable of creating auditory and/or visual distortions and heightened subjective states
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Hallucinogens
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State in which sensory perceptions are mixed or incorrectly assigned
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Synesthesia
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Sense of evil and foreboding
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Dysphoria
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Intense sensation of bliss or well-being
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Euphoria
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Self-defeating relationship pattern in which one is not able to establish healthy boundaries
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Codependence
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of addiction?
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Habitual behavior
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Which term describes the use of a drug for a purpose for which it was not intended?
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Misuse
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An individual who knowingly tries to protect an addict from natural consequences of his or her destructive behavior is
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enabling.
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Addiction involves an excessive
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preoccupation with the addictive behavior.
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Denial is a person's
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inability to perceive that a behavior is self-destructive.
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When increased amounts of a drug, other substance, or behavior is needed to produce the desired effect, this phenomenon is known as
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tolerance.
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Excessive use of any drug (legal or illegal) constitutes
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drug abuse.
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Temporary physical and psychological symptoms that occur when use of an addictive substance is discontinued is
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withdrawal.
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Process addictions include all of the following EXCEPT
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the use of Ritalin to help concentration when studying.
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Charlotte, a college student, is a habitual drinker. She has become preoccupied with obtaining alcohol and obsessed with her need to drink. Charlotte is exhibiting
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compulsion.
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Rebecca takes medications for various conditions, including Prinivil (for high blood pressure), insulin (for diabetes), and Claritin (for allergy symptoms). This is an example of
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polydrug use.
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Chemicals that relay messages (impulses) from one nerve cell to another or to other cells are
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neurotransmitters.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of drug misuse?
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Regular use of increasing amounts of cocaine to get high
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A lack of judgment regarding whether a particular substance or behavior will be healthy or damaging to oneself is known as
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loss of control.
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Which of the following is classified as a stimulant?
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Methamphetamine
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Signs of compulsive buying include
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repeatedly buying more than you need or can afford.
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Transdermal drug administration means that a drug is
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absorbed through the skin.
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Drugs in suppository form are absorbed into the bloodstream through the
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rectal or vaginal walls.
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The psychoactive drug mescaline is obtained from which plant?
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Peyote cactus
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The illicit drug most commonly used in the United States is
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marijuana.
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Which of the following statements about cocaine is NOT true?
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It can cause drowsiness, depression, and loss of appetite.
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Which of the following statements about amphetamines is true?
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They are stimulants.
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The most noticeable effect of THC, the psychoactive substance in marijuana, is
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bloodshot eyes.
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Morphine, codeine, and heroin have what in common?
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They are all opioids.
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PCP was originally developed as
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an anesthetic with which a person remains conscious but feels no pain.
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Withdrawal and tolerance are key aspects of addiction.
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True
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arm reduction refers to a set of approaches used to reduce the negative consequences of drug use.
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True
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Physiological dependence is the adaptive state that occurs with addiction and results in withdrawal syndrome when the addictive substance is stopped.
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True
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Teens and young adults are less likely to be affected by Internet addiction than are middle-aged adults.
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False
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Endorphins are opioid-like hormones that function as the body's natural painkillers.
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True
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Psychoactive drugs have the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior.
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True
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Cocaine is an anesthetic and a central nervous system depressant.
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False
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Opium and heroin are central nervous system stimulants.
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False
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Ergogenic drugs are substances believed to enhance athletic performance.
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True
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Methadone maintenance does not have the potential for addiction that heroin does.
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False
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Ratio of alcohol to total blood volume
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Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)
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Psychoactive substance produced by fermentation of plant products
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Ethyl alcohol
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Loss of water from body tissues
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Dehydration
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Measure of the percentage of alcohol in a beverage
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Proof
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Addictive stimulant found in tobacco products
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Nicotine
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Chemical irritant in cigarette smoke that plays a role in the development of lung cancer
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Phenol
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Dangerous gas found in cigarette smoke
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Carbon monoxide
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Carcinogen-containing sludge formed from particulates in cigarette smoke
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Tar
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Condition characterized by leathery, white patches inside the mouth that may lead to oral cancer; results from contact with tobacco juice
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Leukoplakia
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Last stage of liver disease associated with chronic, heavy use of alcohol
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Cirrhosis
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Syndrome that occurs due to withdrawal from alcohol; symptoms include agitation, confusion, tremors, sweating, and hallucinations
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Delirium tremens (DTs)
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Disorder that results in physical and mental impairment in a fetus caused by the mother's alcohol consumption during pregnancy
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Fetal alcohol syndrome
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Environmental cue that contributes to nicotine cravings
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Pairing
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Smoke drawn through burning tobacco when inhaling
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Mainstream smoke
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Smoke inhaled by nonsmokers; also called secondhand smoke
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Sidestream smoke
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Toxic form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and contributes to development of a hangover
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Congener
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Use of alcohol that interferes with work, school, or personal relationships or that involves violations of the law
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Alcohol abuse
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Condition in which alcohol use causes severe personal and health problems and when stopping alcohol use results in withdrawal symptoms
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Alcoholism (alcohol dependence)
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Pattern of drinking in which four or more drinks are consumed within two hours or less; brings BAC to 0.08 or higher
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Binge drinking
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Ability of heavy drinkers to appear sober in spite of a high BAC
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Learned behavioral tolerance
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If a man and a woman drink the same amount of alcohol, the woman's blood alcohol concentration (BAC) will be approximately
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30% higher than the man's.
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What percentage of the U.S. population are infrequent, light, or moderate drinkers?
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90%
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Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the
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ratio of alcohol to total blood volume.
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Eating food when drinking alcohol
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slows the absorption of alcohol.
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Which of the following statements about drinking among college students is FALSE?
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Alcohol is rarely involved in the rape or sexual assault of college students.
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Alcohol metabolism in the body occurs in the
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liver.
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When Amanda goes out on the weekends, she usually has four to five beers in a short period of time. This type of high-risk behavior is known as
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binge drinking.
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All of the following accurately describe the definition of one standard drink EXCEPT
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5 ounces of 80-proof liquor.
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Which of the following is NOT a potential long-term effect of alcohol abuse?
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Increased urinary output
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The depressant effect of alcohol becomes apparent at a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of
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.10 percent.
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What effect does carbon monoxide have on a smoker's body?
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It interferes with the ability of hemoglobin in the blood to carry oxygen.
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Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) depends on all of the following EXCEPT
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the time of day alcohol is consumed.
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Which age group is most targeted by tobacco advertisers?
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Young adults age 18 to 24
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The intoxicating substance in beer, wine, and liquor is
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ethanol.
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What is the major psychoactive ingredient in tobacco products?
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Nicotine
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Characteristics of alcohol poisoning include all of the following EXCEPT
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a yellowish tint to the skin.
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What effect does nicotine have on cilia in the upper respiratory system?
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Paralyzes them
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Particulate matter from cigarette smoke condenses in the lungs to form a thick, brown sludge called
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tar.
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How quickly will an individual begin to see health benefits after quitting smoking?
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Within a day
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The most dangerous gas inhaled with each puff of a cigarette is
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carbon monoxide.
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All of the following statements about smokeless tobacco are true EXCEPT
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Smokeless tobacco users rarely have dental problems.
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The effects of nicotine include
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increasing heart and respiratory rates.
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The single most preventable cause of death in the United States is
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diseases related to tobacco use.
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Smoking contributes to heart disease by
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contributing to platelet adhesiveness, which is associated with blood clots.
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A chronic lung disease caused by smoking in which the tiny air sacs in the lungs are destroyed, making breathing difficult, is
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emphysema.
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College students tend to think other students drink more than they actually do.
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True
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An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20% alcohol by volume.
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False
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Children and teenagers have become targets of tobacco advertising in various media.
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True
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Transmission of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) is more likely when sex occurs after alcohol is consumed.
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True
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Alcohol consumption is the number one cause of preventable death among U.S. undergraduate college students.
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True
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Peer pressure does not play a role in a young person's decision to start smoking.
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False
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Alcohol acts as a diuretic.
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True
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Cigars are not as addictive as cigarettes.
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False
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Three in 10 Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related accident at some time in their life.
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True
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Tobacco has no effect on sexual functioning or fertility.
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False
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