HED-Test 3 – Flashcards
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What are the psychological risk factors for drug dependance?
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difficulty controlling impulses
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Psychoactive drugs change mood or behavior by acting on?
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brain chemicals
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which of the following drug factors is the relationship between when a drug was taken and the intensity of its effect?
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time-action function
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bev has just taken ephedrine. she can expect?
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increased heart rate
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"Ice" is a type of...
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methamphetamine
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which of the following statements about the drug methadone is TRUE?
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it helps heroin addicts break away from addiction
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of the following people, who will probably have the highest blood alcohol concentration after consuming three drinks in 1 hour?
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a woman with high body weight and high percent body fat
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which of the following BEST describes how gender affects the metabolization of alcohol?
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women may metabolize alcohol slowly at times due to hormonal changes
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what are the criteria for a substance use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition?
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take the same drug for a long amount of time
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the portion of the circulatory system governed by the right side of the heart is...
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pulmonary
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the two large veins through which oxygen-poor blood travels into the right atrium are called...
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vena cava
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the heart contracts during..., blood pressure is greater than when the heart relaxes during...
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systole & diastole
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the arteries that branch from the aorta and provide oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself are?
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pulmonary arteries
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an adult would be diagnosed with hypertension beginning at what level of blood pressure or above?
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140/90
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atherosclerosis is...
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the thickening of artery walls by plaque build up
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atherosclerosis probably contributes to hypertension by...
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causing artier walls to become narrower
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the lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the liver to other parts of the body and leads to cholesterol deposits on the after walls (when there is too much of it) is...
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LDL
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which combination of HDLs and LDLs would place someone at greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?
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low HDL & high LDL
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exercise alters blood fat levels by...
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raising HDL levels
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what activities raise triglyceride levels and which activities lower triglycerides?
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raise: excess body fat, smoking lower: a low carb diet, exercise
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which of the following statements about gender and cardiovascular disease is true?
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in the united states, cardiovascular disease is the leading killer of men but not women
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what is associated with metabolic syndrome?
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insulin resistance
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when a malignant tumor spreads to sites distant from the primary tumor, the process is known as...
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metastasis
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lymphoma is cancer of the lymph nodes, part of the body's...
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infection-fighting system
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the most common cause of cancer death in the U.S. is...
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lung cancer
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one type of cancer that seems to be linked to a diet high in read meat is...
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colon cancer
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the most common form of cancer in women is...
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breast cancer
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a microorganism that causes disease is a...
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pathogen
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which of the following is NOT a vector of disease?
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contaminated soil
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which of the following is the part of bodies first line of defense?
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the skin
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tears, saliva, and vaginal secretions are rich in...and other proteins that break down and destroy many microorganisms
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enzymes
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macrophages act as...
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scavengers of warn out cells
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T cells and B cells are the main types of...
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lymphocytes
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a marker on the surface of a foreign substance that triggers the immune response is called an...
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antigen
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vessels, organs, and structures that pick up excess fluids, then filter out and destroy foreign cells and debris, belong to the...
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lymphatic system
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in which type of immunity response does the bodies defense remember previous infections?
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adaptive immunity
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a disease in which an individual's immune system attacks his or her own bodies cells is called an...
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autoimmune disease
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immunization is based on the...
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body's ability to remember an encounter with a specific organism
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a preparation of killed or weakened microorganisms, parts of microorganisms, or inactivated toxins injected or taken orally to stimulate the body to produce antibodies is called...
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vaccine
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when the body responds to a relatively harmless substance as if it were a dangerous pathogen and mounts an immune response, this response is called?
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an allergic reaction
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meningitis is an infection of the...
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membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
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streptococcus and staphylococcus are examples of...
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bacteria
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generally, antibiotics are useful against...
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bacteria
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hepatitis B is transmitted mainly by...
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sexual contact
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the fungus that causes yeast infections is called...
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candida albicans
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single-celled organisms that often causes recurrent diseases are called...
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protozoa
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which of the following statements about the global spread of HIV/AIDS is FALSE?
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Asia and africa have approximately the same number of people living with HIV
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chlamydia is the most prevalent.....STI in the United States
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bacterial
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pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a major complication of what STIs...
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gonorrhea & chlamydia
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which of the following causes almost all cervical cancers?
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human papilloma virus
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the family of viruses that causes genital warts is...
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herpes
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inflammation of the liver is known as...
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hepatitis
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a major driving force behind recent chemical pollution, global climate change, and the thinning of the atmosphere's ozone layer is...
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growing populations
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air quality index is a measure of...
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concentration of 5 air pollutants
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which of the following does NOT make smog more likely to form?
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strong winds
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a gas or vapor that traps infrared radiation instead of allowing it to escape through the atmosphere is called a...
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green house gas
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the greenhouse effect contributes directly to...
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global warming
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levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases are rising in large part because of...
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destruction of ozone
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the function of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere....
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shields the earth from the sun rays
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release of.....into the atmosphere is the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer
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chlorofluprocaborns
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about what percentage of energy used in the United States comes from fossil fuels?
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84%
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which of the following statements about energy use and pollution is TRUE?
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the mining of coal causes pollution on land and is a serious health problem
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contact with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been linked to certain types of...
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cancer
