Health and Wellness – Assessment Study Guide – Flashcards
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What is the role of minerals in the proper functioning of the human body?
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They become part of bones and regulate electrolyte balance.
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Which of the following correctly describes HDL cholesterol?
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High levels of HDL cholesterol are beneficial because they protect against heart disease.
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How do antioxidants slow the aging process?
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They reduce cellular damage by binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions.
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What is the difference in the energy content of each nutrient?
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Carbohydrates and protein produce 4 calories/gram and lipids produce 9 calories/gram.
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What is the difference between carbohydrates and proteins?
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Carbohydrates consist of simple sugars and starches; proteins consist of eight essential amino acids and 12 nonessential amino acids.
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Which of the following food choices on a given day would provide the recommended amount of milk servings for an adult on a 2,000 calorie per day diet?
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2 cups fat-free milk, 1 cup of yogurt
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What information is important to notice when reading a Nutrition Facts label for a bag of chips?
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The number of serving sizes in the bag.
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Which of the following food choices is consistent with a healthy diet?
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Eating approximately 2 cups of fiber rich fruits and vegetables on a daily basis.
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What is the benefit of eating orange vegetables such as carrots and squash?
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They are high in vitamin A.
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Which of the following food choices are associated with the onset of cancer?
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Frequently choosing foods with saturated fat over foods with unsaturated fat.
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What is the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
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Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body and water-soluble vitamins are not.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes a Calorie (kilocalorie)?
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Foods with high sugar content contain more Calories than foods with low sugar content.
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Which of the following are antioxidants that help protect the body from free radical damage?
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Vitamin E, copper, and zinc
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What is the difference between proteins and lipids?
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Proteins provide energy and essential building blocks for cells and tissues; lipids are classified as triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and lipoids.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids?
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Proteins build, repair, and maintain body tissues.
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Which of the following food choices on a given day would provide the recommended amount of grain for an adult on a 2,000 calorie per day diet?
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2 slices of toast, 1 cup of rice, 1 cup of breakfast cereal, ½ cup of pasta
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Why are Nutrition Facts labels included on food packages?
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To help consumers recognize the number of calories from fat a food contains.
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Which statement is a recommendation by the USDA that should be followed when grocery shopping?
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Choose nuts over butter to meet the daily recommendations for fats.
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Why is whole grain bread recommended over refined bread?
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It contains more vitamins.
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Which of the following diseases can result from poor nutritional food choices that lead to obesity?
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Cancer and Type II diabetes
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How do tranquilizers affect the body?
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They cause muscles to relax.
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Which of the following drugs is absorbed quickly in the bloodstream resulting in mental alertness, increased heart rate, sleeplessness, and irritability?
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Caffeine
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Which of the following situations describes an appropriate use of over-the-counter drugs?
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Alleviating the symptoms of a minor cold.
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Why can it be risky to use over-the-counter drugs?
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They can mask the symptoms of an underlying illness.
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Why is aspirin a dangerous over-the-counter drug for children?
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It can result in death when children react severely to it.
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What is synergism?
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It occurs when two drugs are combined and there is an increased drug action greater than sum of the individual drugs.
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Why is problematic to take an antagonist drug at the same time as prescription medication?
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It can cancel the desired effects making the prescription drug ineffective.
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Which of the following symptoms can indicate substance abuse in teenagers?
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Increased hostility towards others
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Which of the following correctly describes a hereditary factor that may contribute to alcoholism?
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Genetic variation causes some ethnic groups to be more susceptible to alcoholism.
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Why are substance abuse prevention programs that emphasize refusal skills effective?
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Peer pressure is one of the most common reasons that teens start using drugs.
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What physical changes does nicotine cause in the body?
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It decreases skin temperature.
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Which of the following drugs causes short term memory loss, increased appetite, and distortion of time?
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Marijuana
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Which of the following correctly describes how to properly use over-the-counter drugs?
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Use according to the directions.
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Which of the following is a risk associated with the use of over-the-counter drugs?
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They can lead to substance abuse.
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Which of the following is a correct example of how a substance potentiates a drug?
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Pesticides enhance the effects of some drugs.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes cross-tolerance?
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Tolerance to alcohol can result in tolerance to barbiturates because they are pharmacologically similar drugs.
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Which of the following changes in school behavior could be an indicator of substance abuse in youth?
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Continually missing classes
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Which of the following explains why teens may become addicted to tobacco?
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Peer pressure and advertising encourage teens to form tobacco using habits.
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Which of the following is a strategy recommended for preventing substance abuse?
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Helping students develop resistance skills
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Which strategy is recommended to help combat substance abuse of cigarettes in youth?
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Attending antismoking campaigns during childhood
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Which of the following correctly defines the "condition of uniqueness" associated with developing high self-esteem in children?
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Feeling respected for their differences
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Which of the following symptoms are commonly associated with depression?
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Insomnia and fatigue
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Which of the following behaviors may indicate high levels of stress in students?
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Lip biting, sighing, persistent itching
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Why is exercise a good way to manage stress?
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It activates hormones and fatigues skeletal muscles.
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How does the social/emotional health of a 5 year old differ from a 9 year old?
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A 5 year old wants to please adults and a 9 year old seeks friendly adult relationships.
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Which of the following is considered a grieving task?
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Acknowledging the pain of grief and working through it
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Which of the following is recommended for helping someone who is grieving?
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Listen to the grieving person as they express their feelings.
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What is the cause of bulimia nervosa?
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Fear of being fat accompanied by the fear of having the inability to stop eating
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Which of the following symptoms/warning signs are associated with anorexia nervosa?
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Refusing to eat specific foods and developing food rituals
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Which of the following correctly defines one of the stages of dying outlined by Kubler-Ross?
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A feeling of anger and perceiving the situation as unfair.
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Which of the following correctly defines one of the qualities of a self-actualized person?
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Sense of realism means that a person can accept the real world as it is.
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Which emotional disorder is diagnosed when five criteria including loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, and indecisiveness are observed in an individual?
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Depression
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Which of the following emotional disorders is associated with frequent headaches, anger, and nausea?
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Chronic stress
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Which of the following is a recommended way to reduce stress?
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Engaging in progressive relaxation techniques
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Which of the following is characteristic of the social/emotional development of children ages 11-14?
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Spending more time with friends than parents
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Which of the following are common symptoms associated with grief?
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Painful, intense anxiety
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Why is it important to exercise patience when helping a grieving person?
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They need time to work through the stages of grief.
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What is the cause of anorexia nervosa?
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An irrational fear of becoming fat that results in starvation
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Which of the following symptoms/warning signs are associated with bulimia nervosa?
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Calluses on knuckles and staining of teeth
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According to the task-based model of emotional responses to life-threatening illnesses, what does a person experience during the chronic phase of an illness?
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The person has to cope with daily demands while receiving treatments.
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How does the function of the nervous system differ from the function of the endocrine system?
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The nervous system sends electrical signals throughout the body using neurons whereas the endocrine system sends chemical messages using substances called hormones.
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Which of the following symptoms are associated with the common cold?
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Teary eyes, runny nose, obstructed breathing
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How do body secretions fight against disease?
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They contain enzymes that kill bacteria.
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Which of the following is a cause for an infectious disease?
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Helminths become lodged in the digestive tract
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Which of the following behaviors can lead to the development of an infectious disease?
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A child washing their hands with cold water for 5 seconds
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Which of the following physical changes is associated with the aging process after reaching adulthood?
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The proportion of body fat increases
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What are the symptoms of myopia?
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Blurred distance vision, squinting, and poor night vision
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How can continuous exposure to loud music affect hearing?
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Hearing loss can occur when inner ear hair cell structure changes because of loud noises.
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Which of the following is a recommended way to maintain good dental hygiene?
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Eating foods high in vitamin D during childhood.
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How do vaccinations help the body fight disease?
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Vaccines contain weakened strains of microorganisms that cause the body to produce antibodies in preparation for a future attack.
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What is the function of the lymphatic system?
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It collects and redistributes interstitial fluid and fights against bacteria.
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Which of the following symptoms would help distinguish strep throat from influenza?
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Rash on neck or chest
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Which of the following correctly explains how phagocytes help fight against disease?
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They engulf and digest bacteria.
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Which disease is considered a noninfectious (chronic) disease?
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Atherosclerosis
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Which of the following behaviors increase the risk for throat cancer?
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High volume of alcohol consumption
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Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic that occurs when males reach puberty?
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Oily skin
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Which of the following eye condition is diagnosed when someone exhibits blurring of fine details, eyestrain, and headaches?
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Astigmatism
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How does first aid for minor bleeding differ from first aid for major bleeding?
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For minor bleeding you should clean the wound with soap and water whereas with major bleeding you should not.
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How does increased exposure to ultraviolet light increase a person's chances of developing skin cancer?
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UV-B light causes DNA to break causing mutations which can lead to skin cancer.
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Which of the following activities are recommended to help prevent repetitive stress injuries in the workplace?
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Take breaks and stretch to help reduce the amount of stress on the affected area.
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How does aerobic exercise affect bone density?
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Running increases bone density because it is weight-bearing.
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How does aerobic exercise affect the circulatory system?
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It results in more capillaries which increase the oxygen supply to working muscles.
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Which of the following are components of an aerobic exercise program?
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Exercise intensity and exercise duration
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Which of the following correctly describes one of the physiological benefits of exercise?
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Regular exercise can decrease the risk of cancer and type II diabetes.
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Which of the following physical activities burn the most calories during a 30 minute session?
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Jumping rope
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Which of the following correctly describes a psychological benefit of exercise?
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It improves self-image.
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How does resistance training strengthen muscles?
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It forces the rebuilding of muscle fibers with increased size.
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Which of the following correctly describes isometric muscle action?
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It is a muscle contraction with no movement.
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Which of the following diseases are associated with inactive lifestyles and obesity?
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Hypertension
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Which of the following correctly describes a benefit that accompanies improved flexibility?
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Decreased back pain
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How does aerobic exercise affect the musculoskeletal system?
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It strengthens muscle and bone tissue by increasing the demands placed upon them.
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Which of the following benefits result from aerobic exercise?
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Body tissues receive more oxygen from the respiratory system.
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Person A is said to have higher cardiorespiratory endurance than person B. What does this mean?
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Person A can swim longer because exercising muscles are receiving more oxygen.
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How does exercise improve weight control?
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It increases metabolic rate.
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Which of the following physical activities is the most vigorous?
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Climbing stairs for 15 minutes
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How does exercise reduce stress levels?
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It burns chemical by-products and accelerates the body's return to homeostasis.
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Which of the following are principles included in a resistance exercise program?
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Tension and Overload Principle
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Which of the following is an example of concentric muscle action?
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Lifting a weight during a curl
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Which of the following can result due to physical inactivity?
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Decreased self-esteem in children and adults
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What is the goal of stretching?
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To train muscles to reduce their resistance to tension.
