Harlem Renaissance Answers – Flashcards

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Harlem Renaissance
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An unprecedented period of literary, musical, and artistic prouction among African Americans that reached its peak in the 1920s.
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Where?
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Harlem section of Manhattan in New York
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Why did Blacks move to New York?
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Fleeing pverty and growing racial violence in the South. And they hoped to find more economic and personal freedom in the North.
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"Red Summer"
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1919, a period of bloody antiblack riots in 26 cities.
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What happened to African Americans during the 1920s?
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They created a new cultural identity.
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4 elements of Langston Hughes' writing
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Praised blackness, embraced common people as subjects, and blended the elements of blues and jazz into his work, included dialect
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Zora Neale Hurston
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from Florida; her writing reflects a love of black language and manners; presented African Americans as complete, multifacted human beings
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"We wear a mask" tone and mood
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tone: pensive (reflecting deep or serious thought), sympathetic mood: melancholy
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"Sympathy" tone and mood
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tone: frustration mood:
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"I,Too" tone and mood
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tone: optimistic mood: positive, strong
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"My City" tone and mood
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tone: melancholy mood: sympathetic
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"When the Negro was in vogue" tone and mood
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tone overall: enthusiastic tone towards Black entertainers: appreciative tone towards nightclub owners: disappointed tone towards Harlem residents: sympathetic tone towards white tourists: bitter, frusterated, critical mood: relieved or relaxed?
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"The Weary Blues" tone and mood
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tone: appreciative, respectful mood: relaxed, melancholy
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"Harlem" tone and mood
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tone: anger, agitated, hostile, volatile mood: devestation
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defiant tone meaning
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boldly resisitant or daring to authority
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weary tone meaning
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tired, exhuasting
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"We wear a mask" meaning
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African-Americans feel the need to wear a mask in order to hide their true feelings towards whites.
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"Sympathy" meaning
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The African American speaker knows how the caged bird feels because he is yearning for freedom/equality.
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"I,Too" meaning
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All African Americans, despite being a different race, should be treated equally
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"My City" meaning
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The speaker regrets that dying will mean that he cannot live in the city.
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"When the Negro was in vogue" meaning
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When African-Americans were in style, whites flooded black bars but blacks could not go to theirs. A
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"The Weary Blues" meaning
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The African-American entertainer feels hopeless and lonely and he sleeps so soundly after the performance because he released all of his emotions during it.
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"Harlem" meaning
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A dream deffered has dire/serious consequences. The speaker is comtemplating the consequences of a dream that is postponed. He comes to the conclusion that he cannot achieve the dream and it "explodes," meaning it dies/completely wipes out.
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Italian/ Petrarchan Sonnet
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14-line lyric poem; ryhme scheme varies; 1 or more stanzas; octave and sestet which respond to each other.
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Shakespearan Sonnet
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14-line lyric poem; set ryhme scheme ababcdcdefefgg 1 stanza; gg is a ryhming couplet where a shift in tone takes place.
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anaphora
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repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive sentences/lines/clauses
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refrain
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repetition of a line at the end of stanzas in a poem
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"I,Too" theme
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African Americans are also Americans, and therefore should be treated equally to their white counterparts.
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"My City" theme
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The speaker will miss the livliness of his city the most after dying.
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"Harlem"
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When a dream is deferred, there may be serious/dire consequences
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What does the mask symbolize?
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Fake appearance of African Americans
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What does the caged bird symbolize?
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Desperation/yearning for opportunity/to strive for dreams
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"We wear the mask" refrain
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"we wear the mask" which emphasizes the African-Americans feel the need to put on a fake persona/hide their true emotions.
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"When the Negro was in vogue" anaphora
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"It was a period when" because these are examples of how the Negro was in vogue. This repetition creates a musical, rythmic effect which is engaging to call attention to the subject.
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"Sympathy" anaphora
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"I know" because it calls attention to the tone (sympathy) of the poem.
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Lyric poem
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expresses intense emotion/passion on the subject
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